7185results about "Synchronous/start-stop systems" patented technology

A network adapter for a synchronous logical ring network operates on existing physical twisted-pair telephone topologies. Information propagates around the logical ring, reaching every device on each revolution around the network. Network devices are full-duplex, transmitting and receiving information on every clock cycle. Network devices arbitrate to be elected the network clock device. By synchronizing all network devices to a single reference clock, and providing fixed frames of information propagating around the network at consistent time intervals, the logical ring network ensures that information propagates from one device to another at consistent time intervals. The fixed-length frames are divided into two independent streams: a data stream for the distribution of real-time continuous digital media streams; and a system command stream for the distribution of system commands.

Using a transformation based at least in part on a non-simple orthogonal or unitary matrix, data may be transmitted over a data bus in a manner that is resilient to one or more types of signal noise, that does not require a common reference at the transmission and acquisition points, and / or that has a pin-efficiency that is greater than 50% and may approach that of single-ended signaling. Such transformations may be implemented in hardware in an efficient manner. Hybrid transformers that apply such transformations to selected subsets of signals to be transmitted may be used to adapt to various signal set sizes and / or transmission environment properties including noise and physical space requirements of given transmission environments.

A method of operating a master / slave system includes the step of identifying a master receive data phase value to coordinate the transfer of data from a slave device without phase alignment circuitry to a master device with a universal phase aligner. Data is transferred from the slave device to the master device in accordance with the master receive data phase value. The master device characterizes a master transmit data phase value to coordinate the transfer of data from the master device to the slave device. Subsequently, the master device routes data to the slave device in accordance with the master transmit data phase value.

The present invention relates to relay supported wireless communication to enhance communication performance. In the wireless communication system according to the invention neighboring relay stations are arranged with substantially overlapping coverage. In the method according to the invention mobile stations makes soft association to relay stations. The mobile stations feed back the selection of relay stations and channel quality measures to the base station. The base station adapts the transmission to the relay stations based on each mobile stations reported soft associations and channel quality measures. In this way the control signaling to and from the relay stations can be very limited.

A method for implementing a flexible sampling-rate encoder, comprising the steps of (A) sampling an input signal at a regular time-interval to produce sampled data, (B) generating a pseudo-random bit sequence having a plurality of bits, wherein each bit corresponds to a different sampling time, (C) encoding a first set of the sampled data to generate an encoded stream when any bit in the pseudo-random bit sequence is equal to a first value, wherein each bit in the encoded stream corresponds to one of the sampling times defined in step (B), and (D) determining the different sampling time for each sample in the encoded stream.

Embedded piezoelectric sensors in large civil structures for structural health monitoring applications require data communication capabilities to effectively transmit information regarding the structure's integrity between sensor nodes and to the central processing unit. Conventional communication modalities include electromagnetic waves or acoustical waves. While guided elastic waves can propagate over long distances on solid structures, their multi-modal and dispersive characteristics make it difficult to interpret the channel responses and to transfer useful information along pipes. Time reversal is an adaptive transmission method that can improve the spatiotemporal wave focusing. The present disclosure presents the basic principles of a time reversal based pulse position modulation (TR-PPM) method and demonstrates TR-PPM data communication by simulation. The present disclosure also experimentally demonstrates data communication with TR-PPM on pipes. Simulated and experimental results demonstrate that TR-PPM for data communications can be achieved successfully using guided elastic waves.

A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of coding data in the DTV transmitter method are disclosed. A pre-processes enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded enhanced data. A data formatter generates enhanced data packets including the pre-processed enhanced data and inserting known data to at least one of the enhanced data packets. A first multiplexer multiplexes main data packets with the enhanced data packets, and a data randomizer randomizes the multiplexed data packets. A Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder RS-codes the randomized data packets by adding first parity data, and a data interleaver interleaves the RS-coded data packets. A trellis encoder trellis-encodes the interleaved data packets, wherein the trellis encoder may be initialized when a known data sequence is inputted thereto.

A high speed serial interface is provided. In one aspect, the high speed serial interface uses three phase modulation for jointly encoding data and clock information. Accordingly, the need for de-skewing circuitry at the receiving end of the interface is eliminated, resulting in reduced link start-up time and improved link efficiency and power consumption. In one embodiment, the high speed serial interface uses fewer signal conductors than conventional systems having separate conductors for data and clock information. In another embodiment, the serial interface allows for data to be transmitted at any speed without the receiving end having prior knowledge of the transmission data rate. In another aspect, the high speed serial interface uses polarity encoded three phase modulation for jointly encoding data and clock information. This further increases the link capacity of the serial interface by allowing for more than one bit to be transmitted in any single baud interval.

Provided is a transmission circuit which allows smooth switching of the operation mode when switching the operation mode of the transmission circuit. A power amplifier 14 includes: a first input terminal to which a direct-current voltage or a voltage in accordance with an amplitude signal M is supplied; a second input terminal to which an output signal from a first variable gain amplifier 171 or an output signal from a second variable gain amplifier 172 is inputted; and a third input terminal to which an output signal from a first bias circuit 15 or an output signal from a second bias circuit 16 is inputted. A control section 11 switches the operation mode of the transmission circuit so that at least one of the first input terminal, the second input terminal, and the third input terminal of the power amplifier is prevented from being in a no input state.

A powerline communications device comprises a powerline communications interface and at least one other communications interface configured to communicate over a computing network. The powerline communications interface is further configured to receive electrical power. The computing network may comprise mediums including powerlines, telephone lines, and / or coaxial cables. In some embodiments, the powerline communications interface may communicate with a network apparatus, such as a personal computer, via an Ethernet interface. The powerline interface, the telephone line interface, and / or the coaxial cable interface may all be associated with the same media access control (MAC) address. The powerline communications device may receive a message via a first medium and repeat the message via a second medium based on a quality of service (QoS) metric. In some embodiments, the powerline communications device may communicate using multiple frequency bands.

Communication is performed for a first communication device having a set of antenna elements. A quality-indication signal is received from a second communication device (e.g., a basestation). A complex weighting is calculated based on the quality-indication signal. A pre-transmission signal is modified based on the complex transmit diversity weighting to produce a set of modified-pre-transmission signals, wherein the modifications are symmetric by making approximately half the magnitude of the transmit diversity modification to one signal in a first direction, and approximately half the magnitude of the transmit diversity modification to the other signal in a second direction, opposite the first direction. Each modified pre-transmission signal from the set of modified-pre-transmission signals is uniquely associated with an antenna element from the set of antenna elements. The set of modified-pre-transmission signals is sent from the set of antenna elements to produce a transmitted signal.

A method and apparatus for controlling an output power level of a radio frequency (RF) repeater (100 or 200). A system includes a receiver to receive a signal, a filtering unit configured to pass frequency components at or around a frequency band of a predetermined communication channel, an attenuator (124 or 142) to produce an attenuated signal by attenuating a parameter of the signal, a power amplifier (150) to adjust the output power level of repeater to a desired level by adjusting the gain of one or more components of the system, and a microprocessor (170) to receive an input responsive to the output power level of the repeater and, in response to the input, to transfer control signals to the receiver and the attenuator. The method includes sampling traffic load characteristics during operation of a network and adjusting a gain of one or more components of the repeater based on the traffic load characteristics.

A method includes broadcasting, at a transmitter, messages comprising antenna configuration, antenna spacing and a number of antenna of the transmitter and reference signals; generating, at a receiver, a codebook comprising a plurality of antenna beams based on the broadcasted messages; receiving, at the receiver, the broadcasted reference signals; selecting, at the receiver, an antenna beam among the plurality of antenna beams within the codebook in dependence upon a predetermined performance criteria of a data communication system and in dependence upon the broadcasted reference signals; feedbacking to the transmitter, at the receiver, information comprising the antenna beam selected by the receiver; optimizing, at the transmitter, a beamforming process by utilizing the feedback information from the receiver; transmitting, at the transmitter, data signals by utilizing the optimized beamforming process; and receiving and processing, at the receiver, the data signals in dependence upon the selected antenna beams within the codebook.

A method for a combined adaptive digital pre-distorter and pre-equalizer apparatus in single- and / or multiple-link hopping radio systems including hopping among a plurality of radio links to transmit variable-length bursts of radio signals on the plurality of radio links. Further, pre-distorting amplitude and phase of transmitted signal constellations based on the inverse AM-to-AM and AM-to-PM characteristics and the operating conditions of the high-power amplifier, respectively. Further, pre-equalizing amplitude and group-delay variations of the transmit RF radio using the pre-stored estimated complex tap coefficient of the pre-equalizer under different frequency bands.

A space-time signal processing system with advantageously reduced complexity. The system may take advantage of multiple transmitter antenna elements and / or multiple receiver antenna element or multiple polarizations of a single transmitter antenna element and / or single receiver antenna element. The system is not restricted to wireless contexts and may exploit any channel having multiple inputs or multiple outputs and certain other characteristics. Multi-path effects in a transmission medium cause a multiplicative increase in capacity.

A method and apparatus for time synchronization in a communications system such as a system including cable modems is provided. The synchronization method comprises the steps of receiving a first timestamp from a headend unit with the cable modem, and generating a first cable modem time reference with the cable modem in response to the receipt of the first timestamp. The cable modem then receives a second timestamp from the headend unit and generates a second cable modem time reference in response to the receipt of the second timestamp. A headend difference time comprising the difference of the first and second timestamps is then generated as is a cable modem difference time comprising the difference of the first and second cable modem time references. A clock error time that comprises the difference of the headend difference time and the cable modem difference time is then generated as well as a correction factor in response to the clock error time. The local clock of the cable modem is then synchronized with the master clock of the headend unit through the adjusting of the output of the local clock output in response to the correction factor. The correction factor in one instance comprises an offset value representative of the amount of clock error per local clock pulse. This offset value is added to an accumulator on each local clock pulse, and the local clock output is adjusted when the accumulator rolls over. The synchronized clock signal can then be utilized to determine a time slot in which the cable modem can transmit an upstream signal to the headend without colliding the upstream signal with upstream signals from other modems in the system.

System and methods for determining an optimized transmit spectra (spectral distributions of transmission power) for a set of communications channels that experience cross-talk among themselves and for transmitting data on the channels. The transmit spectra are preferably constructed so that largely contiguous frequency bands are allocated to each signaling direction (upstream / downstream) on each communications channel and / or to each channel in the set of channels. In one embodiment, each communications channel is restricted to a maximum time-averaged power. The method preferably includes steps of determining the channel transfer functions of the communications channel, determining interference characteristics of the channels, calculating substantially optimal transmit spectra for the communications channels, and redistributing the frequency bins so that they are contiguously grouped in each transmit spectra. The contiguous groupings allow wider frequency bands for signaling in the channel. In one embodiment, the channel is limited by a “peak-power constraint.”

All data symbols used in data transmission of a modulated signal are precoded by switching between precoding matrices so that the precoding matrix used to precode each data symbol and the precoding matrices used to precode data symbols that are adjacent to the data symbol along the frequency axis and the time axis all differ. A modulated signal with such data symbols arranged therein is transmitted.

[Problems] To realize a reliable and stable transfer of digital data that does not require a reference clock and a handshake operation. [Means for Solving the Problem] The present invention provides a digital data transfer method for alternately and periodically transferring first information and second information respectively in a first period and in a second period, wherein: an amount of information of the first information per unit time in the first period is greater than an amount of information of the second information per unit time in the second period; and the second information in the first period is transferred as pulse-width-modulated serial data.

The invention relates to a method and system for wideband digital pre-distortion linearization, which is used to overcome the influence of memory effect in radio frequency power amplifier, to expand digital pre-distortion linearization bandwidth, and to improve digital pre-distortion linearization performance. The method and system can get an in-band pre-distortion signal and an out-of-band pre-distortion signal according to the characteristic parameter of the amplifier; the in-band pre-distortion signal is up-converted and the up-converted signal is added to the out-of-band pre-distortion signal, which is not up-converted, then the combined signal is inputted to the power amplifier as an input signal; a part of the output signal from the power amplifier, serving as a feedback signal, can be compared with the original input signal, and the characteristic parameter of the amplifier for generating the in-band pre-distortion signal and the out-of-band pre-distortion signal is adaptively regulated according to the comparison result, so that the waveform of time domain or the frequency domain of the feedback signal can be close to that of the original input signal as much as possible.

Methods and apparatus are described for time domain signals. A method includes creating a bipolar pulse whose high (up) and low (down) periods are separately and precisely controllable.

An embodiment of the invention uses a predistortion correction signal to combination the modulated RF signal by an analog multiplier for linearization of power amplifiers having nonlinear characteristics such as those used in wireless RF transmitters. A predistortion controller comprises a plurality of down converters for retrieving both the ideal non-distorted information and the feedback distorted information, together with pre-stored digitally-indexed predistortion information stored, for example, in a look-up table. The digitally-indexed information models nonlinear characteristics of the high power amplifier, and is stored prior to processing of pre-compensation in the power amplifier. When the predistortion information is combined with the modulated RF signal in the analog multiplier, the result is a substantially linear information transmission from the power amplifier. In an embodiment of the system, the modulated RF input signal and the feedback signal from PA output are down-converted, respectively, by analog devices, such as mixers, after which the analog intermediate frequency (IF) signals are digitized by analog-to-digital converters for digital predistortion correction processing, followed by predistortion processing performed by, for example, a DSP or FPGA chip to generate a digital correction control signal, which is then converted to an analog signal by a digital-to-analog converter, followed by combining the analog correction signal with the RF modulated input signal to yield the input to the power amplifier.

This invention is a method of mapping data in a wireless communication system. The method includes forming a first frame having plural positions at a first transmitter. The first frame has a first plurality of reference signals. A second frame having plural positions corresponding to the plural positions of the first frame is formed at a second transmitter remote from the first transmitter. The second frame has a second plurality of reference signals. A plurality of data signals is inserted into the first frame at positions that are not occupied by either the first or second plurality of reference signals. The plurality of data signals is inserted into the second frame at positions that are not occupied by either the first or second plurality of reference signals. The first and second frames are transmitted to a remote receiver.

A communication system uses a bus to transmit information, by receiving signals and mapping them to a second set of signals representing codewords of a superposition signaling code, and transmitting the second set of signals. The superposition signaling code can comprise more than one layer. The pin-efficiency can be larger than 1. The system may encode bits into a codeword of a superposition signaling code that is defined by two basis vectors of predetermined size and then have two encoders for permutation modulation codes defined by the basis vectors. The bits of information are divided into a first part representing a predetermined number of bits and a second part representing a predetermined number of bits, with the parts provided to the respective encoding circuits and their outputs combined by a superposition.

A digital broadcasting transmission and / or reception system having an improved reception performance and a signal-processing method thereof. A digital broadcasting transmitter comprises a randomizer to input and randomize data streams including a plurality of segments having at least one segment having one or more null packets, a null packet exchanger to create known data having a predetermined pattern and to replace the null packets at positions of the segments having the null packets of the randomized data streams to insert the known data, an encoder to encode the data streams to which the known data is inserted, and a modulation / RF unit to modulate, RF-modulate, and transmit the encoded data streams. A digital broadcasting receiver detects the known data from a signal received from the digital broadcasting transmitter and uses the detected known data for synchronization and equalization, so that a digital broadcasting reception performance of the digital broadcasting receiver can be improved at poor multipath channels.