The invention provides an error calibration method based on a genetic algorithm for a six-degree-of-freedom series robot, and relates to the error calibration method for the robot. The error calibration method based on the genetic algorithm for the six-degree-of-freedom series robot aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, multidata cannot be processed, an obtained error parameter has a certain limitation, some data with great errors are introduced, and then the accuracy of a whole data set is influenced, and the measuring difficulty and time are increased. The method comprises the steps of 1, establishing a real model of the robot; 2, calculating a robot error model of the robot and obtaining a matrix; 3, establishing an error optimization model; 4, obtaining an error parameter X of the robot; 5, searching for an optimal error parameter of the robot; 6, feeding the obtained optimal error parameter back to the robot according to an error compensation strategy, and the like. The error calibration method based on the genetic algorithm for the six-degree-of-freedom series robot is applied to the field of the error calibration method for the robot.