295 results about "Nafion" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolysis CO2 reduction, and discloses an electrocatalytic reduction system for preparing ethylene through electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and application of the electrocatalytic reduction system. The electrocatalytic reduction system comprises a cathode, an anode and an electrolyte, wherein the cathode is prepared by uniformly mixing and dispersing a copper-based catalyst, liquid micromolecular alcohols and a Nafion solution to obtain slurry and then spraying the obtained slurry onto carbon paper; the electrolyte is KOH electrolyte containing a sucrose additive. The copper catalytic reaction interface is regulated and controlled through sucrose molecules, the enrichment concentration of reactants near the reaction interface and key intermediates generated by catalyzing C2H4 is remarkably improved, generation of C2H4 through subsequent C-C coupling reaction is promoted, the yield of C2H4 is remarkably improved, meanwhile, the raw material cost is low, and wide application prospects are achieved.

The invention discloses a composite electrode material for removing uranium through photoelectrocatalysis and a preparation method and application of the composite electrode material, and belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials and wastewater treatment.The preparation method of the composite electrode material comprises the following steps that a ZIF-8 material, copper salt and ferric salt are mixed, and a first metal composite material is prepared; reacting the first metal composite material with a KOH solution to prepare a second metal composite material; carrying out carbonization treatment on the second metal composite material, and then carrying out acid treatment by using acid to obtain a bimetallic atom catalytic material; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing a bimetallic atom catalytic material and a g-C3N4 material in a mixed solution containing phytic acid and a Nafion solution to obtain catalyst ink; and coating the catalyst ink on a substrate, and carrying out illumination drying to obtain the composite electrode material. According to the composite electrode material, under the synergistic effect of the bimetallic single atomic cluster catalyst and g-C3N4, respective advantages are fully exerted, and efficient deposition removal of uranium is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a gradient pore cathode catalyst layer membrane electrode and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that a perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin solution is added into a water-alcohol mixed solvent to be cured, and a low-molecular-weight pore-forming agent and a high-molecular-weight pore-forming agent are added respectively; coating the cathode side of the proton exchange membrane with inner catalyst layer slurry containing a low-molecular-weight pore-forming agent to form a cathode inner catalyst layer; coating the gas diffusion layer side with outer catalyst layer slurry containing a high molecular weight pore forming agent to form a cathode outer catalyst layer; and packaging the proton exchange membrane coated with the cathode inner catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer by using a frame, respectively adhering a gas diffusion layer coated with the cathode outer catalyst layer and an anode gas diffusion layer, performing hot pressing to prepare a membrane electrode, and removing the pore-forming agent. The pore structures of the inner and outer catalyst layers are adjusted by using pore-forming agents with different molecular weights, and the gradient pore catalyst layer is constructed, so that the oxygen transmission resistance of the membrane electrode is reduced, and the battery performance is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of gas sensors, and particularly discloses an electrochemical formaldehyde sensor electrode, a preparation method thereof and an electrochemical formaldehyde sensor. The electrochemical formaldehyde sensor comprises an electrochemical formaldehyde sensor electrode and a binary electrolyte, the electrochemical formaldehyde sensor electrode comprises a polytetrafluoroethylene film, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is coated with slurry for an electrochemical formaldehyde sensor electrode; and the slurry is formed by mixing nano manganese dioxide, platinum carbon and a Nafion solution. According to the electrochemical formaldehyde sensor, the electrode prepared from the slurry formed by mixing the nano manganese dioxide, the platinum carbon and the Nafion solution has relatively high catalytic activity, so that the sensor shows extremely high sensitivity and extremely good linearity on formaldehyde, and the electrochemical formaldehyde sensor has relatively high catalytic activity by regulating and controlling the proportion of the binary electrolyte. The electrochemical formaldehyde sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, fast response, high detection precision and the like.

The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and discloses a preparation method of an MOF (at) COF core-shell heterostructure doped Nafion-based proton exchange membrane, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing MOF-NH2 powder; step 2, preparing MOF-NH2 (at) COF-SO3H powder, and preparing a COF-SO3H powder; and step 3, dispersing the MOF-NH2 (at) COF-SO3H powder into a 5% Nafion dispersion liquid, and drying to form the film. The proton exchange membrane is based on Nafion, COF and MOF, the MOF and the COF form an MOF-coated COF core-shell heterostructure, pore channels of the COF are modified by sulfonic acid, so that water molecules can be effectively confined, the water retention rate is increased, and a rigid MOF framework provides enough strength to prevent the proton exchange membrane from swelling.

The sound absorption body is characterized in that the sound absorption body comprises a light source, a flexible cover plate and at least one sound absorption body back cavity, a channel connected with the outside of the sound absorption body back cavity is formed in the sound absorption body back cavity, the flexible cover plate can cover the opening area of the channel, the flexible cover plate comprises a CNT-Nafion / PE double-layer driver, and the CNT-Nafion / PE double-layer driver is connected with the light source. The light of the light source can drive the CNT-Nafion / PE double-layer driver to deform and enable the channel to be opened or partially opened. According to the invention, the light-actuated CNT-Nafion / PE double-layer driver is used as a flexible panel, the light-actuated CNT-Nafion / PE double-layer driver can cover the opening area of the surface of the channel in a non-illumination state, the driver is deformed after illumination, and the opening of the channel is exposed, so that the sound absorption frequency band of the back cavity of the sound absorber can be adjusted.

The invention discloses an electrocatalytic oxidation method for highly selectively converting 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid by using a cobalt-nickel bimetallic catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry. Firstly, foamed nickel is pretreated; secondly, preparing a cobalt-nickel mixed solution, synthesizing the catalyst by adopting a solvothermal method, and characterizing the catalyst; and thirdly, preparing a three-electrode system by taking the cobalt-nickel catalyst as a working electrode, a spiral platinum wire electrode as a counter electrode, a Hg / HgO electrode as a reference electrode, an alkaline solution as an electrolyte and a Nafion 117 proton membrane as a diaphragm to realize conversion. And finally, testing the stability and cyclicity of the cobalt-nickel catalyst. Under the same potential, the material has the highest current density, the maximum electrochemical active area and the optimal charge transfer rate; the self-degradation of HMF can be effectively inhibited, the electrocatalytic oxidation has lower initial potential than the oxygen evolution reaction, and the electrode cycle stability is good; the method is simple in process, mild in condition and beneficial to industrial production.

The invention provides a photoresponse water photovoltaic power generation device based on nano tungsten oxide and a preparation method of the photoresponse water photovoltaic power generation device, and relates to the field of water evaporation induced new energy power generation and novel photoelectric detection. The water photovoltaic power generation device is composed of a substrate, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a slurry layer, wherein the slurry layer is obtained by drying slurry formed by mixing tungsten oxide, a Nafion solution and deionized water; the water photovoltaic power generation device can generate an open-circuit voltage of 1.4-1.8 V and a short-circuit current of 100-140 nA under the evaporation induction of deionized water. Under the illumination with the wavelength of 435 nm, the output voltage and current change along with the illumination intensity, and the material has the obvious light response characteristic and is expected to be used for optical detection and hydrovolt generator theory research.

The invention belongs to the field of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a functionalized ionic liquid modified PVDF / Nafion composite proton exchange membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of high cost, low mechanical strength, swelling at high temperature and low conductivity of a Nafion composite membrane. A PVDF / Nafion solution is subjected to functionalized ionic liquid modification to obtain a membrane casting solution, and then the membrane casting solution is coated and dried to obtain the functionalized ionic liquid modified PVDF / Nafion composite proton exchange membrane. According to the ionic liquid modified PVDF / Nafion composite proton exchange membrane disclosed by the invention, the usage amount of Nafion resin is reduced, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the proton conductivity is improved by adding the ionic liquid; the ionic liquid functionalized by different cations can form a hydrogen bond network with sulfonic acid groups of Nafion and fluorine atoms of PVDF, so that the mechanical property and the thermal stability of the proton exchange membrane are improved, and the proton exchange membrane has a good application prospect.

The invention discloses a dopamine sensor working electrode based on an MOF material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical sensing. The working electrode is composed of a pure MOF Cu-HHTP modified glassy carbon electrode and a Nafion film covering the surface of the glassy carbon electrode, and the preparation method of the working electrode comprises the following steps: synthesizing Cu-HHTP (Cu < 2 + > and a hexahydroxy triphenyl ligand are coordinated to form a two-dimensional honeycomb layer) through a solvothermal method, dispensing Cu-HHTP dispersion liquid on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode, and then covering the glassy carbon electrode with the Nafion film to form the combined electrode. The dopamine sensor prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has high sensitivity, high anti-interference capability and long-term stability. The preparation process is simple, complex conductive additives are not needed, and the method is suitable for rapid and accurate detection of dopamine in complex biological samples.

The invention discloses a composite proton exchange membrane and a preparation method thereof, the composite proton exchange membrane is of a layered structure, the layered structure sequentially comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer from top to bottom, the upper layer comprises perfluorosulfonic acid, the middle layer comprises para-aramid nanofiber and perfluorosulfonic acid, and the lower layer comprises perfluorosulfonic acid. The perfluorosulfonic acid and the para-aramid nanofibers are combined through a papermaking method to obtain the composite layer, and the perfluorosulfonic acid solution is coated on the two surfaces of the composite layer to obtain the composite proton exchange membrane, so that the thermal stability, the dimensional stability, the mechanical strength and the swelling resistance of the proton exchange membrane are improved on the premise of ensuring high proton conductivity, and the proton exchange membrane has a good application prospect. And the method also has the advantage of reducing the hydrogen transmittance.

The invention discloses a zinc-bromine flow battery multifunctional bipolar plate and a preparation method and application thereof.The method comprises the steps that polyaniline is added into a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide ethanol solution, after stirring and ultrasonic treatment, a mixed solution is obtained and sprayed to the positive electrode side of a pretreated polypropylene bipolar plate, and after drying, the zinc-bromine flow battery multifunctional bipolar plate is obtained; the polyaniline modified polypropylene bipolar plate is obtained; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving beta-cyclodextrin in a NaOH solution, adding epoxy chloropropane, stirring for reaction, washing to be neutral, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a cyclodextrin polymer, dispersing the cyclodextrin polymer in a Nafion solution to obtain a cyclodextrin polymer solution, spraying the cyclodextrin polymer solution on the negative electrode side of a polyaniline modified polypropylene bipolar plate, and drying to obtain the multifunctional bipolar plate of the zinc-bromine flow battery. Polyaniline is loaded on the positive electrode side of the bipolar plate to reduce a bromine permeation source and bromine reaction activation energy, a cyclodextrin polymer Nafion solution is used for modifying and stabilizing the pH value of an electrolyte on the negative electrode side, uniform and compact deposition of zinc is promoted, formation of sharp dendrites is reduced, and the electrochemical performance and long-term stability of the battery are improved.

The application discloses a kind of sulfonic acid group covalent organic framework / Nafion composite material for proton conduction and preparation method and application thereof, belong to fuel cell technical field.The application first utilizes double sulfonic acid group organic aromatic amine ligand and aldehyde group ligand to construct a kind of sulfonic acid functional two-dimensional covalent organic framework material COF-(SO3H)2 by condensation reaction.COF-(SO3H)2 is compounded with Nafion polymer to prepare proton exchange membrane, and the proton exchange membrane material has excellent proton conduction, and the proton conductivity is 1.338*10 ‑1 S·cm ‑1 (80ºC).The proton exchange membrane material of the application is prepared by solvothermal process and casting method, and the preparation method is simple and easy to operate, which provides a new choice for proton conduction material in fuel cell, and expands the application value of covalent organic framework material.

The present invention discloses a SPE water electrolysis anode catalyst layer with a uniform network structure, a preparation method and a membrane electrode, comprising: step 1: mixing alcohol and deionized water into a mixed solvent according to a designed ratio; step 2: ultrasonically dispersing a perfluorosulfonic acid resin in the mixed solvent configured above according to a designed ratio to obtain a resin dispersion; step 3: adding a catalyst to the prepared resin dispersion according to the designed ratio, ultrasonicating in a cell crusher under an ice bath state, and then ball milling in a ball mill to obtain a catalyst slurry with uniform resin mixing; step 4: coating or spraying the prepared catalyst slurry on a proton exchange membrane or a transfer substrate, placing the prepared CL in an oven for heat treatment, so as to remove the composite solvent in the CL, and obtaining a SPE water electrolysis anode catalyst layer with a uniform network structure. The present invention can effectively improve the uniformity of the network structure distribution of the catalyst layer, thereby improving the performance and efficiency of water electrolysis, and the method is simple and feasible.

The invention provides a method for removing nitrate in water by using a modified zero-valent iron aerogel electrocatalyst, which comprises the following steps: preparing a mixed solution of ferrous sulfate and sodium sulfide, preparing a sodium borohydride solution, mixing and magnetically stirring the mixed solution and the sodium borohydride solution to obtain black colloid, and finally obtaining vulcanized zero-valent iron aerogel, dispersing the obtained sulfurized zero-valent iron aerogel and a Nafion solution in absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a catalyst mixed solution; potassium nitrate and potassium hydroxide are dissolved in a pure water solution to serve as electrolyte, a sulfurized zero-valent iron aerogel electrode is used as a cathode, a platinum sheet is used as an anode, a mercuric oxide electrode is used as a reference electrode, and an electrocatalytic reduction reaction is carried out by using a three-electrode system. The technology not only can improve the efficiency of water nitrate pollution treatment, but also conforms to the concept of green and low-carbon development, and has a wide environment application prospect.

The invention provides a cathode composite catalyst layer and a preparation method thereof, a membrane electrode and a fuel cell, and belongs to the field of fuel cells. The cathode composite catalyst layer comprises: a strongly anchored carbon layer; the slurry of the strong anchoring carbon layer comprises the following raw materials: a strong anchoring functional material, a solvent and a Nafion solution, and the strong anchoring functional material is a non-metallic element doped carbon material; and a cathode catalyst layer; the cathode catalyst layer is arranged on one side of the strong anchoring carbon layer, and the cathode catalyst layer contains a Pt element; wherein the strong anchoring carbon layer is arranged between the cathode catalyst layer and the proton exchange membrane. The strong anchoring carbon layer is arranged between the cathode catalyst layer and the proton exchange membrane, and Pt < 2 + > which is migrated to the proton exchange membrane side under the action of an electric field is captured through an anchoring point formed by non-metallic elements in the carbon layer, so that performance reduction caused by Pt loss and proton exchange membrane degradation caused by formation of a Pt belt are avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of Pt is increased; therefore, the durability of the membrane electrode is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a metal organic framework material with proton conductivity and a preparation method and application thereof. Pyrazolo [3, 4-c] pyridine is used as a ligand, a binuclear cuprous cluster is used as a connection point, a two-dimensional layered structure is constructed through the ligand and the binuclear cuprous cluster, a cuprous multi-nitrogen heterocyclic metal organic framework is formed, the cuprous multi-nitrogen heterocyclic metal organic framework is oxidized, and the cuprous multi-nitrogen heterocyclic metal organic framework is obtained. Divalent copper ions and monovalent copper ions exist in the oxidized cuprous multi-nitrogen heterocyclic metal organic framework, and the metal organic framework material with proton conductivity is obtained. The proton conductivity of the metal organic framework material can be remarkably improved by adopting a metal post-synthesis modification oxidation technology, and the proton conductivity of the metal organic framework material is comparable with that of commercial Nafion, and an oxidized sample shows extremely high chemical stability; the problem of poor stability of a non-fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer proton exchange membrane and inorganic solid acid researched in the prior art is solved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a water electrolysis hydrogen production composite electrode based on a zwitterionic polymer binder. According to the method, a traditional ionic binder Nafion is replaced with a zwitterionic polymer polysulfobetaine methacrylate, an electrode-electrolyte interface is optimized through a unique electrically neutral hydration layer structure, the rapid desorption behavior of bubbles is enhanced, and efficient transmission of reaction ions is also promoted; and regulating and controlling the mass ratio of the PSBMA binder to the catalyst by using a spraying process. The invention aims to overcome the defects of high cost, insufficient mass transfer and poor interface stability of the existing Nafion binder, and provides the composite electrode taking PSBMA as the binder and the preparation method of the composite electrode, and the provided composite electrode is simple in preparation process and controllable in cost, and has good popularization and application prospects.

The invention discloses a pretreatment system and an automatic measuring method suitable for measuring the mole fraction of carbon dioxide in a water body through a water-gas balance method, and relates to the field of gas analysis and measurement, the pretreatment system comprises an automatic condensation water removal system, a gas valve automatic switching system, a control system and PC end upper computer software; the automatic condensation water removal system adopts a semiconductor condenser and a Nafion drying pipe to remove water; the gas valve automatic switching system automatically switches standard gas and balance gas through a valve; the control system is connected with the gas valve automatic switching system and PC end upper computer software, monitors and adjusts the gas flow rate in real time, and ensures that the gas flow rate is within a preset range; the upper computer software of the PC end integrates data processing and visualization functions, and automatic control and real-time data recording and analysis of the whole system are achieved. The system is reasonable and simple in structure, easy to carry and install, easy and convenient to use, stable in operation and capable of visually displaying the change trend of the CO2 mole fraction in a research area in real time.

Electrochemical sensors based on metal cluster composites and methods of manufacture are provided. [Solution] Au 25 The graphene composite solution, the bean esterase chitosan solution, and the Nafion solution are dropped onto a glassy carbon electrode and then dried to obtain an electrochemical biosensor electrode. The metal cluster is composed of 25 gold atoms and a well-defined number of organic ligands, and has a precise composition and stable geometric structure. Au 25 The graphene composite has excellent electrical conductivity and cooperative electrocatalytic effect, which can effectively promote the transfer of electrons and improve the response sensitivity of the sensor. The electrochemical sensor can measure the content of profenofos by enzyme inhibition method using kidney bean esterase as the enzyme source.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a NiFeCu array catalyst through a template method and the NiFeCu array catalyst, and relates to the technical field of catalysts.The method comprises the following steps that foamy copper is cleaned, and surface oxides and pollutants are removed; uniformly mixing an ammonium persulfate solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.2 mol / L and a NaOH solution with the concentration of 1 mol / L according to the volume ratio of 1: 1 to obtain a mixed solution I, and putting the cleaned foamy copper into the mixed solution I to react for 20-60 minutes to obtain a Cu (OH) 2 / CuF array template; the Cu (OH) 2 / CuF array template is placed in a second mixed solution containing oxalic acid, a nickel source and an iron source to react for 30-120 min, and a NiFeCu array catalyst of a nanorod array structure is obtained; when applied to an OER working electrode, the NiFeCuOX array catalyst is formed through activation, a nafion binder needed by a similar powder catalyst is not needed, effective contact between an electrolyte and the catalyst and rapid release of oxygen can be guaranteed, and the electrochemical performance is greatly improved.

The invention discloses an electrochemical preparation method of a component-controllable indium-indium oxide nanosphere composite catalyst and CO2 reduction application of the component-controllable indium-indium oxide nanosphere composite catalyst. The component-controllable indium-indium oxide nanosphere composite catalyst is prepared from indium nitrate, urea, trisodium citrate, deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol, a carbon paper electrode and Nafion. Different indium oxide nanosphere precursors are synthesized under the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction conditions of a one-step hydrothermal method, the precursors are placed in a muffle furnace to be subjected to high-temperature calcination to obtain indium oxide nanospheres, the obtained indium oxide nanospheres are subjected to electrode sheet preparation, and the indium-indium oxide nanosphere composite catalyst with controllable components is obtained through electrochemical reduction treatment. The composite material is applied to CO2 electrochemical reduction.

The invention relates to an oxygen evolution catalyst for hydrogen production through electrolysis of proton exchange membrane water, a membrane electrode and a preparation method of the membrane electrode, and the oxygen evolution catalyst is iridium oxide in a nanoparticle form and contains 2-2.5% of crystal water; the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps: carrying out ultrasonic treatment on an iridium salt solution, mixing the iridium salt solution with magnesium sulfate and water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, volatilizing a solvent, drying, carrying out ball milling to obtain powder, carrying out high-temperature calcination, dissolving with dilute acid, carrying out suction filtration with water and ethanol until the conductivity is less than 10 [mu] s / cm, carrying out vacuum drying to remove moisture, and grinding to obtain the catalyst. The membrane electrode comprises the catalyst powder prepared by the method and an anode catalyst layer formed by perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin; and the cathode catalyst layer is formed by Pt / C and perfluorosulfonic acid resin. The oxygen evolution catalyst provided by the invention has high activity and high stability, magnesium sulfate is adopted in the preparation method, and the oxygen evolution catalyst has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and the like.

The utility model discloses a water and CO2 removal device which comprises a CO2 removal mechanism and a water removal mechanism which are sequentially connected through a sample conveying pipeline, the CO2 removal mechanism at least comprises a CO2 adsorption pipe with an inner cavity filled with CO2 adsorbents, and the water removal mechanism at least comprises a Nafion drying pipe. The utility model further discloses a volatile organic compound detection system which comprises an automatic sample injector, a pre-concentration device and a detector, and the water and CO2 removal device is arranged between the sample injector and the pre-concentration device. The device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the moisture and CO2 removal rate is improved, and the detection result of the detector is more accurate and reliable.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of direct methanol fuel cells, and provides a natural product derived algae polyelectrolyte membrane and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that sulfonated sodium alginate and sulfonated diatomite are prepared, sulfonated sodium alginate powder is dissolved in deionized water to form a pouring solution, the sulfonated diatomite powder is added into the pouring solution, and the natural product derived algae polyelectrolyte membrane is obtained; and drying to form a film, soaking in a solution, heating and curing to obtain the product. The algae polyelectrolyte membrane based on a natural product is developed, the membrane shows performance superior to that of a traditional Nafion-coated 117 membrane in a direct methanol fuel cell, the production cost is remarkably reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, the preparation process is simplified, toxic intermediate products are avoided, the problem of high methanol fuel permeability is effectively solved, and the membrane has a good application prospect. A new thought is provided for designing the proton exchange membrane which is high in performance, low in cost and environmentally friendly, and the method has important significance on high-value utilization of biomass resources, environmental protection and social sustainable development.

The invention discloses a coating, a zinc negative electrode with the coating and a preparation method and application of the zinc negative electrode. The coating is a Nafion film containing inorganic substance quantum dots; wherein the mass fraction of the inorganic quantum dots is greater than 50%. And the thickness of the coating is 1-80 microns. The coating has both physical isolation of an organic layer and high electrochemical activity of the organic layer, dendritic crystals and side reactions are reduced, and the cycle performance of the zinc ion battery is greatly improved. The advantages of an organic layer and an inorganic layer are integrated. The Nafion films consist of hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions and have proved to play a positive role in galvanization / dezincification as well as dendrites. The quantum dot has a large specific surface area, a semiconductor structure, small-size quantum constraint and an edge effect, and is stable and easy to form a composite material, dope and functionalize. The quantum dot modified electrode has better electrochemical activity and conductivity and an increased electron transmission path.

The invention discloses a catalyst for synthesizing a multi-carbon product by electrocatalysis of CO2, the catalyst is a Cu2O catalyst modified by an anionic polymer coating and a cationic polymer coating, the anionic polymer coating covers the surface of granular Cu2O, the particle size of the granular Cu2O is 3-7 [mu] m, the cationic polymer coating covers the surface of the anionic polymer coating, the particle size of the cationic polymer coating is 3-7 [mu] m, and the particle size of the cationic polymer coating is 3-7 [mu] m. The anionic polymer coating is a Speek coating, and the cationic polymer coating is a Nafion coating. The ionic polymer structure of the catalyst is elaborately designed in the preparation process, the Cu2O catalyst with a local high pH value, a high CO2 concentration and a hydrophobic microenvironment is obtained through elaborately designed steps and parameters, and when the Cu2O catalyst is applied to a carbon dioxide electrochemical reducing agent, the Cu2O catalyst has high electrocatalytic activity and selectivity on carbon dioxide reduction, and the Cu2O catalyst has a good application prospect. The Faraday efficiency of C2 + products can be remarkably improved, and the energy efficiency of CO2 utilization is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a photovoltaic cell and a passivation method and a cutting passivation system thereof. The embodiment of the invention provides a photovoltaic cell. One end of the photovoltaic cell is a cutting surface; a passivation film is arranged on the cutting face and comprises perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin. In the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the passivation film is formed on the cutting surface by adopting the perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin, and the sulfonic acid group of the perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin can bond dangling bonds on the cutting surface with hydrogen ions to form Si-H bonds, so that the dangling bonds are filled, the purpose of saturating the dangling bonds is achieved, the passivation effect is improved, and the battery efficiency is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell membrane electrode preparation, and particularly discloses a preparation method for improving fuel cell catalyst layer ionomer distribution, which comprises the following steps: placing a carbon nanotube in dilute nitric acid, carrying out uniform ultrasonic dispersion, then carrying out oil bath heating, carrying out continuous acidification treatment, then carrying out suction filtration, and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube catalyst layer; carbon nano tube powder subjected to acidizing treatment is obtained; mixing the acidized carbon nanotube powder with a Nafion solution in proportion, and removing a solvent through rotary evaporation to obtain a carbon nanotube-Nafion compound; mixing the carbon nanotube-Nafion compound with a commercial Pt / C catalyst, deionized water and ethanol in proportion, and performing ultrasonic treatment under an ice bath condition to obtain uniformly dispersed cathode catalyst slurry; and spraying the uniformly dispersed cathode catalyst slurry on the cathode side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain the catalyst layer for improving ionomer distribution.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional porous self-supporting electrode constructed by in-situ growth of copper nanoparticles on the surface of foamed nickel for hydrogen evolution by water electrolysis and a preparation method of the three-dimensional porous self-supporting electrode. The preparation method of the three-dimensional porous self-supporting electrode constructed by in-situ growth of the copper nanoparticles on the surface of the foamed nickel comprises the following steps: taking the foamed nickel as a working electrode, taking a mixed solution composed of a copper salt, a chlorine salt, an inorganic acid and deionized water as an electrolyte, and carrying out electrodeposition by adopting a timing coulometric method to obtain the three-dimensional porous self-supporting electrode constructed by in-situ growth of the copper nanoparticles on the surface of the foamed nickel; the three-dimensional porous self-supporting electrode constructed by in-situ growth of the copper nanoparticles on the surface of the foamed nickel is obtained. According to the preparation method, the self-supporting electrode without the adhesive is prepared through the one-step electrodeposition method with the hydrogen bubbles as the dynamic template, no precious metal participates in the self-supporting electrode, and the problems that active sites are blocked, the conductivity is reduced or gas transmission is inhibited due to the fact that a Nafion solution and other polymer adhesives with poor conductivity are used in a traditional powdery catalyst can be effectively solved. The electrode prepared by the invention has excellent HER performance and good stability.