71 results about "Silver chloride" patented technology

The invention relates to a silver recovery technology, in particular to a method for preparing high-purity silver powder by recovering silver from retired photovoltaic module cells, which comprises the procedures of pretreatment, leaching treatment, suction filtration treatment, silver precipitation treatment, silver chloride precipitation and purification treatment, silver ammonia solution reduction and the like. The method comprises the following steps: by taking a disassembled retired photovoltaic module battery piece as a raw material, firstly, removing dust on the surface of the battery piece and metal impurities partially attached to the surface of the battery piece through pretreatment, leaching the cleaned battery piece by using a nitric acid solution, carrying out suction filtration by using a suction filtration machine, and separating to obtain silicon slag and a silver nitrate solution; the method comprises the following steps: adding a chlorinating agent into a silver nitrate solution, reacting to generate silver chloride precipitate, dissolving the separated silver chloride precipitate by using ammonia water to form a silver-ammonia solution, and finally adding a reducing agent into the silver-ammonia solution to obtain high-purity silver powder and ammonia water; compared with the conventional technology, the method for recovering silver has the advantages of low cost, no wastewater generation and simpler process, and meets the requirements of economy, high efficiency and environmental protection.

A hydrogen storage alloy-based all-solid-state pH sensor is disclosed, comprising a counter electrode, a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a flexible substrate. The counter electrode is a platinum electrode, the working electrode is a hydrogen storage alloy electrode, the reference electrode is a silver / silver chloride electrode, and the flexible substrate is PET. Using the hydrogen-storage titanium-iron alloy electrode as the working electrode and an Ag|AgCl electrode as the reference electrode, the potential of the test solution is measured, and the pH value of the test solution is obtained through a standard curve. This invention explored the optimal ratio of titanium and iron elements through a series of experiments, enabling the sensor to simultaneously achieve both accuracy and stability. While ensuring good hydrogen ion response, optimal stability is obtained by adjusting the titanium-iron element ratio, making it suitable for long-term real-time online in vivo pH detection.

The invention relates to a surface modified Fe / Cu-Co3O4 catalyst for nitrite detection and a preparation method thereof, a sensor and application, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a cobalt source, an iron source, a copper source, urea and NH4F in deionized water, carrying out a hydrothermal reaction, washing, drying and calcining to obtain a Fe and Cu co-doped Co3O4 nanotube; and pre-hydrolyzing by using a KH792 silane coupling agent ethanol-water solution, and reacting with nanotubes to prepare the surface modified catalyst. The sensor takes carbon cloth or a screen-printed electrode subjected to ultrasonic cleaning and plasma treatment as a substrate, catalyst ink is coated to form a catalytic layer, and the catalytic layer, a platinum counter electrode and a silver / silver chloride reference electrode form a three-electrode system. Through molecular modification and material design, the interfacial force between the catalyst and nitrite is improved, the electrode stability is enhanced, and the catalyst is applied to a disposable printed electrode and portable detection equipment, so that high-sensitivity, stable and portable detection of nitrite is realized.

An electrode that includes: a substrate; a silver / silver chloride electrode section on at least a part of a surface of the substrate; and a film containing particles of a two-dimensional material including one layer or a plurality of layers on at least a part of a surface of the silver / silver chloride electrode section exposed to an external environment, wherein the one layer or the plurality of layers include a layer body represented by: MmXn, wherein M is one or more metals of Group 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 and includes Ti, X is a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof, n is 1 to 4, and m is more than n but not more than 5; and a modifier or terminal T is present on a surface of the layer body.

The invention provides a screen printing sensor for underwater electric field detection, a preparation method and application, the sensor comprises an insulating substrate layer, an electrode wire arranged on the insulating substrate layer, an electrode sensing area electrically connected with the electrode wire, and an insulating layer covering the electrode wire and partially exposing the electrode sensing area, the electrode sensing areas are prepared from conductive silver paste subjected to silk-screen printing through electrochemical chlorination, and the sensor can integrate a plurality of electrode sensing areas to form a sensing array. According to the method, a silk-screen printing technology is combined with an electrochemical chlorination technology, and a silver layer part in an electrode sensing area is converted into a silver / silver chloride layer. According to the sensor, the method and the application provided by the invention, the preparation cost and the process complexity of the sensor are reduced, and the technical bottlenecks of high preparation cost and low batch consistency of the traditional rod-shaped electrode are overcome. The sensor has extremely low background noise and excellent long-term potential stability, and has wide practical application value.

The invention relates to the field of graphite felt electrodes, in particular to a graphite felt composite electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the graphite felt composite electrode comprises the following steps: calcining a graphite felt in a mixed gas of ammonia gas and inert gas to obtain a nitrogen-graphite felt; performing electro-deposition in an electrolyte containing cobalt salt and stannous salt by taking the nitrogen-graphite felt as a working electrode and silver / silver chloride as a reference electrode to obtain an electro-deposited nitrogen-graphite felt; and carrying out annealing treatment on the nitrogen-graphite felt after electro-deposition to obtain the graphite felt composite electrode. The preparation method provided by the invention is low in cost, and the prepared electrode has a high degradation effect on antibiotics in wastewater.

The invention discloses a wearable molecular imprinting sensor and application thereof in cortisol detection, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical analysis and detection. The molecular imprinting sensor sequentially comprises a sweat absorbing pad, a three-electrode system, an annular polydimethylsiloxane mold and a medical bonding patch from the skin contact surface to the outside, the front surface of the sweat-absorbent pad is in contact with the skin, and KCl and K3 [Fe (CN) 6] are adsorbed on the back surface of the sweat-absorbent pad; the three-electrode system takes an MIP / AuNWs / PET sensor as a working electrode, a platinum wire as a counter electrode and a silver / silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode; the annular polydimethylsiloxane mold and the medical adhesive patch form a sweat collection chamber. The molecular imprinting sensor based on in-situ growth of gold nanowires (AuNWs) on the porous PET film is used for rapidly detecting the cortisol level in human sweat in real time, natural receptor ligand interaction is simulated through the molecular imprinting technology, and high-specificity recognition of cortisol is achieved.

This invention discloses a waste acid recovery method based on ion exchange separation technology, belonging to the field of waste acid recovery technology. The method includes the following steps: passing a waste nitric acid solution containing aluminum and chloride ions through a cation exchange resin to adsorb aluminum ions; adding silver nitrate solution to the adsorbed waste liquid to allow silver ions to react with chloride ions to form silver chloride precipitate; filtering out the silver chloride precipitate to obtain a nitric acid solution; removing the silver chloride precipitate, using aluminum foil as a reducing agent, and adding a small amount of hydrochloric acid to reduce the silver chloride to silver powder; washing the reduced silver powder and dissolving it in nitric acid to obtain a silver nitrate solution for recycling. This waste acid recovery method based on ion exchange separation technology solves the problem of excessive total nitrogen in wastewater discharge; it also significantly reduces waste acid treatment costs and improves economic efficiency.

In some embodiments, a dispensable suspension composition can include a liquid carrier, silver (Ag) particles, silver chloride (AgCl) particles, and cellulose nanofibers. The dispensable suspension composition can be used to effectively fabricate electrodes via microdispensing. Such Ag / AgCl electrodes can be used as a reference electrode or an indicating electrode in electrochemical sensing systems. Accordingly, Ag / AgCl electrodes formed from the dispensable suspension and sensors using the same are provided, as well as methods of fabricating Ag / AgCl electrodes using the dispensable suspension. Other aspects including the dispensable Ag / AgCl suspension composition are disclosed.

A sterilization system for sterilizing a biofilm formed on an object, the sterilization system being provided with: a sterilization composition containing an organic compound having a standard oxidation-reduction potential (pH7) of-0.7 V to-0.2 V and water; a bactericidal composition supply unit for holding the bactericidal composition; a nozzle for supplying the bactericidal composition held by the bactericidal composition supply unit to the biofilm; an electrode provided on the nozzle so as to be in contact with the bactericidal composition; and a control unit which is connected to the electrode and which applies, to the electrode, a potential that is greater than the lower limit value of the potential window and that is-0.4 V or less based on the silver / silver chloride electrode.

The invention discloses a quick-cooling type low-temperature ice bag without precooling. The quick-cooling type low-temperature ice bag is prepared from, by weight, 10-30 parts of sodium chloride, 10-30 parts of urea, 10-30 parts of potassium chloride, 5-20 parts of sodium sulfate decahydrate, 1-5 parts of borax, 0.5-3 parts of nanometer aluminum oxide, 0.1-1 part of silver chloride and 10-40 parts of ice blocks. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, weighing according to the proportion, and sequentially pouring the sodium chloride, the urea, the potassium chloride, the sodium sulfate decahydrate, the borax, the nano aluminum oxide and the silver chloride into a mixing stirrer; s2, stirring parameters configured by the mixing stirrer in the stirring process are as follows: the stirring rotating speed is 50-70r / min, the stirring time is 10-12min, and the environment temperature is controlled to be-5 DEG C to 35 DEG C, so that mixed powder is obtained; s3, the mixed powder is packaged with a bag, and packaged ice bag powder is obtained; and S4, adding the corresponding parts by weight of ice blocks into the packaged ice bag powder, standing for 2 minutes in an environment of 5-25 DEG C, and cooling the mixture to-23 DEG C to-25 DEG C to obtain the quick-cooling type low-temperature ice bag without precooling.

The invention discloses a recovery method of a catalyst containing platinum, silver, chromium, vanadium, molybdenum and aluminum, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a waste catalyst, caustic alkali and iron powder, reacting at high temperature, cooling to obtain a melt, dissolving the melt, and filtering to obtain a first filter residue and a first filtrate; dissolving the first filter residue with nitric acid, and filtering to obtain platinum-containing waste filter residue and second filtrate; adding a sodium chloride solution into the second filtrate, and filtering to obtain silver chloride filter residues and third filtrate which contains chromic nitrate; adding a barium chloride solution into the third filtrate, reacting at room temperature, and filtering to obtain barium chromate solid filter residues and fourth filtrate; adjusting the pH value of the first filtrate to 7-8 by using an acid, reacting at room temperature, and filtering to obtain activated aluminum oxide filter residues and a fifth filtrate; adding ammonium chloride into the fifth filtrate, reacting at room temperature, and filtering to obtain ammonium vanadate filter residues and sixth filtrate; and adjusting the pH value of the sixth filtrate to be less than 1 by using sulfuric acid, reacting at room temperature, and filtering to obtain molybdic acid filter residues and a seventh filtrate.

According to the flexible reference electrode paste and the manufacturing method thereof, the mode that the silver chloride load is generated in situ through the flaky silver powder is adopted, impedance is low, the potential stability is high, and the anti-interference capacity is high; a carrier system adopts synthetic long-chain bismaleimide modified organic silicon and a furan end-capped nitrile rubber elastomer to form a curing interpenetrating network, microstructure defects caused by stretching are repaired based on Diels-Alder reaction covalent bonds in the heat-preservation and pressure-maintaining thermal forming process, and after curing, high tensile toughness and bending stability and high weather resistance are achieved. The method is suitable for large-scale silk-screen printing technology.

Provided is an electrode including: a polarizable electrode layer; and a non-polarizable electrode layer laminated on the polarizable electrode layer. The non-polarizable electrode layer includes silver, silver chloride, and a corrosion inhibitor for the silver. The corrosion inhibitor is a polymer-based corrosion inhibitor.

The application discloses a method for recovering tin, gold and silver from high-gold-silver-tin-containing materials, and belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting methods.The method adopts a hydrochloric acid-hydrogen peroxide system for leaching, so that tin, gold and silver enter a solution and are separated from insoluble residues; sulfur dioxide is introduced into the acid leaching solution to selectively reduce and precipitate sponge gold; after the gold is precipitated, silver chloride is precipitated by diluting the solution, and high-purity silver powder is obtained by dissolving the silver chloride in ammonia water and reducing the silver chloride by hydrazine hydrate, and the silver powder is cast into an ingot; the tin-containing solution can be recycled or neutralized to precipitate and recover tin.The method has a short process, realizes efficient separation of gold, silver and tin by selectively reducing gold by SO2 and precipitating silver by dilution, has high metal recovery rate (tin > 98.5%, gold > 99.5%, and silver > 99.5%), most of the solution is recycled, is environmentally friendly, has remarkable economic benefits, and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of bioelectricity signal monitoring, in particular to an implantable biofilm wireless monitoring sensor and system based on AgCl / Ag impedance conversion, and the system comprises an anode integration module, a cathode verification module, a frequency analysis module, a closed-loop regulation and control module and a packaging state evaluation module. According to the method, by directly collecting the current of the closed-loop circuit of the implant and the charge transfer resistance of the biological membrane, original interface information is provided for subsequent analysis, the change rate of the resistivity of the silver chloride is detected, the resonant frequency deviation of the silver / silver chloride antenna is synchronously measured, a high-sensitivity anomaly recognition mechanism is constructed, and the early-warning capability of interface instability or material degradation in the early stage is improved; extracting a circuit phase angle and an antenna Q value after abnormity identification, calculating a frequency compensation coefficient by applying frequency domain least square fitting, controlling a silver chloride / silver conversion rate, optimizing wireless signal transmission, monitoring a packaged water vapor transmission rate and an ion permeation flux, and ensuring long-term reliability of implanted equipment.

The invention discloses a g-C3N4 / Ag3PO4 / AgCl composite photocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application of the g-C3N4 / Ag3PO4 / AgCl composite photocatalyst. The g-C3N4 is gradually compounded with silver phosphate and silver chloride and then added into a polyacrylonitrile spinning solution, and the nanofiber membrane is prepared through electrostatic spinning. After the g-C3N4 is gradually compounded with silver phosphate and silver chloride, separation of photon-generated carriers is facilitated, and reduction of silver ions by photo-generated electrons is reduced, so that the degradation efficiency of the photocatalyst is improved, and the light corrosion resistance is improved. Meanwhile, the photocatalyst is fixed in the prepared nanofiber membrane, so that the photocatalyst can be stable for a long time in the wastewater treatment process and can be recycled for multiple times, and the treatment cost is reduced, and therefore, the nanofiber membrane fixed g-C3N4 / Ag3PO4 / AgCl composite material can be used for efficiently treating dye wastewater.

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cell resource recovery, in particular to a method and device for recovering silver in a solar cell. The recovery method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: carrying out acid leaching treatment on the solar cell by adopting a first acid solution to obtain a silver ion-containing reaction solution; separating silver ions from the reaction liquid containing the silver ions in a capacitive deionization device by adopting a capacitive deionization technology, and then reversing an electrode of the capacitive deionization device to regenerate the electrode of the capacitive deionization device so as to obtain a silver-rich solution; mixing the silver-rich solution with a second acid solution, and carrying out precipitation reaction to obtain silver chloride; wherein the first acid liquor comprises a nitric acid aqueous solution, and the second acid liquor comprises a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. The recovery device can effectively purify the silver ion-containing reaction liquid and promote efficient recovery of silver.

This invention discloses a method for the efficient recovery and reuse of silver-containing electrode materials, specifically: firstly, the electrode waste is leached with sufficient nitric acid to fully dissolve the silver element in the waste and form Ag. + Subsequently, excess sodium chloride was added as a precipitant, and Ag in the solution was removed through a chemical reaction. + The silver is converted into silver chloride precipitate, achieving initial separation of silver from other impurities. Finally, sodium carbonate is used as a reducing agent to reduce the AgCl precipitate under high temperature conditions, ultimately yielding high-purity elemental silver. The elemental silver can be further processed into industrial raw materials such as silver nitrate for reuse. This invention features a simple and easy-to-implement operation process, requiring no complex equipment or high costs. Furthermore, the entire process is environmentally friendly, with no serious pollution problems, possessing outstanding advantages in both economy and environmental protection. This makes it highly valuable for large-scale industrial green recycling and has broad prospects for promotion.

A method of continuously manufacturing a template (112) for a reference electrode or a combined counter electrode and reference electrode (114), a plurality of reference electrodes or combined counter electrodes and reference electrodes (114), wherein each electrode is based on the template (112) for the respective electrode as produced by the method, and a continuous monitoring system comprising at least one reference electrode or combined counter electrode and reference electrode (114) from the plurality of the reference electrodes or the combined counter electrodes and reference electrodes (114) are disclosed. The method comprises: • i. providing a continuous electrically conductive substrate (116); and • ii. applying a paste composition (122) comprising at least one binder material, silver particles and silver chloride particles to the substrate (116) by using a continuous reel-to-reel coating process, whereby a continuous line (120) having a lateral width (132) of 1 mm to 8 mm and a mean thickness (134) of 1 μm to 100 μm is formed.

The application provides a PolyA-mediated label-free electrochemical sensor and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of electrochemical biosensing. The sensor adopts a three-electrode system as a whole working system, the three-electrode system comprises a working electrode, a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode; the working electrode is a PolyA-mediated label-free electrochemical aptamer sensor, an AFB1 aptamer is used as a biological recognition element, the biological recognition element is paired with a DNA segment containing a PolyA sequence in a complementary manner, and then is fixed on the surface of a gold electrode by the specific affinity between PolyA and gold; the reference electrode is a silver chloride electrode, and the auxiliary electrode is a platinum wire electrode. The PolyA-mediated label-free electrochemical sensor has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, strong specificity, simple operation, fast detection speed and low cost.

The invention relates to a molecularly imprinted field effect transistor sensor and a preparation method and application thereof, and a screen-printed electrode assembly comprises a substrate, and a carbon working electrode and a silver / silver chloride reference electrode which are oppositely arranged on the substrate; a gold nanoparticle layer, a polydopamine connecting layer, a beta-cyclodextrin main body layer and an ionic liquid doped poly-o-phenylenediamine molecular imprinting layer are sequentially overlaid on the carbon working electrode. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a molecular imprinting strategy based on beta-cyclodextrin orientation, accurate pre-orientation of a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) template molecule is realized by using a hydrophobic cavity of beta-cyclodextrin through a host-guest inclusion effect, the uniformity and specificity of an imprinting cavity are effectively improved, and the accuracy and the specificity of the imprinting cavity are improved. The core problem that recognition sites are disordered due to random distribution of templates in a traditional molecular imprinting technology is solved.

The application discloses an automatic monitoring device of a cathodic protection system suitable for a drum-shaped filter screen, which comprises a data transmission module and a sensor, the sensor is arranged on the drum-shaped filter screen and is used for collecting the cathodic protection potential, the protection current density and the residual chlorine concentration below the water surface of the drum-shaped filter screen, the sensor comprises a data acquisition unit, a data sending unit, a working electrode, a silver / silver chloride reference electrode, a residual chlorine measuring electrode and a first power supply battery, and the data transmission module comprises a data receiving unit, a data storage unit, a 4G-DTU data transmission unit and a second power supply battery. The automatic monitoring device and the evaluation method can collect the cathodic protection potential, the current density and the residual chlorine concentration and other parameters below the water surface of the drum-shaped filter screen in situ and on line, and utilize the Internet of Things technology to remotely and wirelessly transmit the data of the multi-point corrosion sensor to a background server, so that the health index of the cathodic protection system can be automatically evaluated in real time.

The present application relates to a kind of methods for recovering silver in gold smelting silver residue, using hydrochloric acid to soak gold smelting silver residue, separation obtains silver-containing filter residue, then using (1+2) ammonia water to leach silver-containing filter residue, separation leaching liquid and insoluble residue, secondary leaching is carried out to insoluble residue, and leaching liquid is collected uniformly.Add industrial sodium chloride to leaching liquid, add appropriate amount of hydrochloric acid to adjust acidity, so that pH <12, promote silver chloride precipitation completely.Silver chloride precipitate is filtered and washed, to obtain washed silver chloride, add appropriate amount of ammonia water to dissolve, add reducing agent to reduce, to obtain gray sponge silver, through detection calculation, silver recovery rate ≥99.9%, the silver content of recovered sponge silver is ≥99.5% after detection, the specific surface area of obtained sponge silver is large, and it has good catalytic activity.

This invention relates to a method for recovering silver from silver-containing waste. The method comprises the following steps: placing the silver-containing waste in a reaction solution, heating and stirring it at a first temperature, filtering to obtain a silver leaching solution and filter residue; cooling the silver leaching solution to a second temperature to precipitate a precipitate, filtering to obtain silver chloride and the remaining reaction liquid; the reaction solution comprises at least a variable-valence oxidant and a halide ion ligand; the temperature difference between the first and second temperatures is at least 20°C. This invention solves the problems of existing wet silver recovery processes, such as strong reagent corrosivity, high reagent consumption, unstable efficiency, cumbersome extraction steps, and large waste volume.

The invention relates to a dual-electrode biosensor structure, which belongs to the technical field of biosensors and comprises a ceramic substrate, the surface of the ceramic substrate is provided with a dual-electrode system composed of a platinum working electrode and a silver / silver chloride reference electrode, and the two electrodes are connected through a conductive path. The surface of the working electrode is provided with an enzyme layer, and a non-functional area is covered with a blue epoxy resin isolation layer. The double-electrode structure works under the condition that the current density is smaller than or equal to 10 nA / mm < 2 >, the response time is smaller than or equal to 4 seconds, bubble interference is effectively eliminated by simplifying electrode configuration, and the technical effects that the detection error rate is remarkably reduced and the enzyme activity is stable for a long time are achieved by combining the design of the anti-hemolysis isolation layer.

The utility model relates to a system for efficiently recovering gold, silver and copper from complex gold ore gold extraction tailing broken carbon, which comprises a ball mill, and an ore pulp pump and a grading cyclone which are sequentially connected with the ball mill, and an overflow port of the grading cyclone is sequentially connected with a medicament stirring barrel, a flotation system and a 1 # filter; a filter residue opening of the 1 # filter is sequentially connected with a novel ashing roasting furnace, a reduction smelting furnace, a copper-silver leaching stirring tank and a 2 # filter, a filtrate opening of the 2 # filter is sequentially connected with a silver chloride precipitation stirring tank and a 3 # filter, a filtrate opening of the 3 # filter is sequentially connected with a copper replacement stirring tank and a 4 # filter, and a filter residue opening of the 3 # filter is sequentially connected with a silver replacement stirring tank and a 5 # filter. Flotation equipment, ashing roasting equipment, reduction smelting equipment, selective leaching equipment and the like are ingeniously combined to form a complete complex gold ore gold extraction tailing broken carbon recovery system, and meanwhile, proper technological parameters are matched, so that high-efficiency recovery of valuable metals such as gold, silver and copper in complex broken carbon with high copper, high iron, high calcium and the like is achieved.

This invention discloses a method for the recovery and regeneration of elemental silver from waste photovoltaic panels based on electrochemical regulation of a eutectic solvent, belonging to the field of resource recycling technology for waste photovoltaic modules. The method involves mixing choline chloride and ethylene glycol, heating and stirring to form a eutectic solvent, and then adding anhydrous copper chloride to prepare a chloride-rich leachate. Waste photovoltaic panel cells are placed in the chloride-rich leachate and heated under forced convection stirring to oxidize elemental silver, which then enters the liquid phase as complexed ions. After the reaction, solid-liquid separation yields pure silicon wafers and the silver-rich leachate. Deionized water is added to the silver-rich leachate to precipitate silver chloride, and after solid-liquid separation, silver chloride precipitate is obtained. The washed silver chloride is precipitated in a sodium thiosulfate solution containing sodium sulfite to form a stable electrolyte. Electrodeposition is then performed on the electrolyte to deposit elemental silver on the cathode, achieving optimal matching of effective ionic conductivity and realizing efficient and green extraction of elemental silver and lossless solvent recycling.

A method for forming an Ag / AgCl coated electrode includes providing a polymeric electrode substrate made of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). A layer of silver (Ag) is deposited on the polymeric electrode substrate using physical vapor deposition (PVD) to form an Ag coated electrode. The layer of Ag is deposited to a first thickness by sputtering an Ag target onto the polymeric electrode substrate. The Ag coated electrode is then converted to a layer of silver / silver chloride (Ag / AgCl) by dipping it into a conversion solution. The resulting Ag / AgCl coated surface electrode provides improved performance and stability for various applications.