60 results about "Soil nitrate" patented technology

The invention relates to a green Chinese onion fertilizing method for reducing soil nitrate nitrogen leaching loss. The method comprises the steps of: (1) determining total dosage of chemical fertilizers according to target yield; (2) carrying out soil recarburization by crop straw mulching or independently fertilizing aired and crushed crop straws; (3) fertilizing a base fertilizer: fertilizing 400-600kg/mu of an organic fertilizer and 30% of a nitrogenous fertilizer, 50% of a phosphatic fertilizer and 20% of a potash fertilizer; and (3) fertilizing residual fertilizer as top application at the moments of autumn begin, white dew, and autumnal equinox by three times respectively. The reasonable control of a carbon-nitrogen source and the precise fertilization of the fertilizers are taken as cores; different fertilization schemes are adopted at different growth stages of crops; the green Chinese onion fertilizing method accords with the nutrient requirement rule of green Chinese onions; the production efficiency of the fertilizer is improved on the basis of ensuring the yield of the crops; and the pollution of the soil nitrate nitrogen leaching loss to a groundwater environment is obviously reduced.

The invention relates to a soil nitrate nitrogen extracting agent and a method for rapid determination of soil nitrate nitrogen. The soil nitrate nitrogen extracting agent is a KCl aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.5-0.8mol/L; in the determination method, the KCl aqueous solution is adopted as the extracting agent for extraction in a ratio of water to soil of 5-10mL to 1g, a standard curve is made, the color comparison is carried out and then the calculating is carried out. The low-concentration KCl aqueous solution is used as the soil nitrate nitrogen extracting agent, so that the extracting effect is good and the detection result is accurate; besides, detection chemicals can be greatly saved, the detection cost is saved and the adverse effect on the environment can be reduced.

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling nitrate leaching loss of soil in a dry farming land of North China Plain by utilizing a mode of interplanting corn and soybean. Aiming at the problems that a dry farming land of the North China Plain is rainy and hot synchronously, the fertilizing amount of single culture of corn is large, the residual quantity of nitrate nitrogen in soil is large, the risk of nitrogen leaching loss is very high, the method effectively controls nitrate leaching loss of soil by interplanting corn and soybean summer sowing season. According to the invention, appropriate irrigation is performed during sowing; open type management is adopted during the growing period of crops; optimized fertilization is performed to corn bands and soybean bands respectively; the fertilizing amount is subjected to the local recommended fertilizing amount of corresponding crops, and fertilizer is applied between rows of corresponding crops; and during the critical growing period of the crops, if rain water is sufficient, irrigation is not performed, and if no rain comes or rain water is insufficient, appropriate irrigation is performed. The method can be implemented to effectively prevent and control the risk of nitrate pollution of a dry farming land of North China Plain, and has relatively remarkable economic benefits and environmental benefits.

The invention discloses a tower type melt granulation stable nitrogen fertilizer and a preparation method. The nitrogen fertilizer contains synergistic components of potassium fulvate, N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide, 3,4-dimethyl-1h-pyrazolium dihydrogen phosphate and the like besides common nitrogen containing fertilizers of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate-phosphorus. The stable nitrogen fertilizer is manufactured by adopting a tower type melt granulation technology, the mechanical strength of granules is high and the granules are difficult to powder. Tests on corns, wheat, cucumbers and rice show that the stable nitrogen fertilizer can reduce the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer, yield increase is effective, the nitrate content in soil can also be reduced, and the stable nitrogen fertilizer is a green and environment-friendly excellent fertilizer.

The invention discloses a method for reducing nitrate content of vegetables under protected cultivation conditions. A strain of soil nitrate conversion bacteria is separated from greenhouse soil for protected planning for many years, and is called as Bacillus pumilus through classification, the number of the bacterial strain is SrN7, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 9685. The microorganism strain is mixed with bran to prepare a microorganism bacterium agent after activation, enlarging cultivation and fermentation treatment, and the obtained microorganism bacterium agent is applied to soil at the roots of target vegetables. The obtained bacterium agent is a pure biological agent and is harmless for the body and the environmental health, the concentration of nitrate in protected soil can be reduced, so that the content of the nitrate in vegetable bodies is reduced, the plant growth can be promoted, and the basic physicochemical property of the soil is improved; compared with other methods for reducing the nitrate of the protected soil, under the precondition of not influencing normal production, the content of the nitrate in the soil can be reduced while production, and the effect of repairing while production is achieved.

The invention relates to a method for applying nitrogen to summer corn in different areas of the Beijing area in consideration of area yields and environmental risks. The method comprises steps as follows: 1) dividing medium-and-high-yield areas and medium-and-low-yield areas according to different yield levels of the summer corn in the different areas of the Beijing area, areas with the yield of the summer corn higher than or equal to 6800 kg/hm<2> are defined as medium-and-high-yield areas, and areas with the yield of the summer corn lower than 6800 kg/hm<2> are defined as medium-and-low-yield areas; 2) nitrogen fertilizer is applied at the nitrogen application rate of 100+/-10 Kg N/hm<2> for the summer corn in the medium-and-high-yield areas, and nitrogen fertilizer is applied at the nitrogen application rate of 135+/-13.5 Kg N/hm<2> for the summer corn in the medium-and-low-yield areas. A linear platform regression method for researching yield inflection points, a dynamic soil nitrate nitrogen leaching loss monitoring method and a dynamic nitrogen ammonia volatilization monitoring method are organically combined to determine optimal thresholds, harmonious development of agricultural production and environmental protection is prompted, and meanwhile, the optimal effect of the high yield and minimization of environmental pollution is realized.

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural pollution prevention and control, and in particular relates to a greenhouse soil nitrate pollution modifying agent used for comprehensively modifying greenhouse soil nitrate pollution and effectively preventing and controlling underground water nitrate pollution risk in intensive vegetable planting regions, and a preparation method and a using method thereof. The greenhouse soil nitrate pollution modifying agent consists of composite liquid and effective microorganism (EM) bacteria liquid with equal mass ratio, wherein the composite liquid is prepared from sodium humate and dicyandiamide through composite proportioning; the EM bacteria liquid is bacterial liquid of fermented EM bacteria; and the composite liquid and the EM bacteria liquid are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1. The composite liquid and the EM bacteria liquid are combined to be irrigated and applied to soil, so that the greenhouse soil nitrate pollution can be prevented and controlled through biological and chemical control technological means, the nitric nitrogen content of the greenhouse soil can be reduced by above 10 percent, and the nitrogen utilization ratio of crops can be increased by above 15 percent.

The invention discloses a method for controlling farmland soil nitrogen non-point source pollution with carbon. The method includes increasing the carbon content of the soil when the 0-30cm plough layer soil initial total nitrogen content is equal to or more than 1.0g/kg and less than 2.0g/kg and C (carbon)0/N (nitrogen)0 is less than 10, decreasing the nitrogen content of the soil when the 0-30cm plough layer soil initial total nitrogen content is equal to or more than 2.0g/kg and equal to or less than 3.0g/kg and the C0/N0 is less than 10, increasing the carbon content and decreasing the nitrogen content of the soil when the 0-30cm plough layer soil initial total nitrogen content is more than 3.0g/kg and the C0/N0 is less than 10, and increasing the carbon content and the nitrogen content of the soil when the 0-30cm plough layer soil initial total nitrogen content is less than 1.0g/kg and the C0/N0 is less than 10. According to the method, the nitrogen concentration of nitrate and the like in the soil, total nitrogen in farmland surface water, inorganic nitrogen and nitrate radical in percolating water in 100cm depth of the soil water can be reduced greatly under the condition of ensuring the normal growth of crops.

The invention provides a method for leaching nitrate nitrogen in soil, which is suitable for leaching nitrate nitrogen in soil samples, and distilled water is used instead of potassium chloride solution to obtain the content of nitrate nitrogen in soil. On the basis of ensuring the accuracy of the data, the experimental cost is saved; the damage to the instrument by the potassium chloride solution is effectively avoided. The salt effect is effectively avoided, and the extraction effect is better. It is proved by experiments that the extraction efficiency is increased by 11.1% to 34.2%. The adverse effect of potassium chloride on the environment is avoided, which is conducive to reducing and eliminating pollution from the source, and conforms to green chemistry.

The invention discloses a sampling device and method for soil nitrate content detection, and relates to the technical field of soil detection. The sampling device and method for soil nitrate content detection comprise a groove box, wherein a shovel head is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the groove box; two fixed blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the right side face of an inner cavity of the groove box; two material taking plates are hinged to each of the front surfaces of the two fixed blocks through hinge pins; and two stabilizing springs are fixedly arranged at each ofthe centers of the top surfaces of the two material taking plates. According to the sampling device and method for soil nitrate content detection, the soil sampling device is improved, so that very effective excavation efficiency can be achieved in a simple manner, and the labor intensity of workers is lowered; and meanwhile, soil with different depths can be excavated, and the soil with different depths can be taken out in a layered mode, so that the soil later detection can be facilitated, and the accuracy of soil nitrate content detection can be improved.

The invention relates to a universal extraction agent for soil and a soil nutrient extraction method. The universal extraction agent for soil is a NaHCO3 aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.6-0.7 mol/L. The extraction method comprises the following steps: weighing a certain amount of an air-dried soil sample, or weighing a fresh soil sample with the same dry weight, putting in a container, adding phosphorus-free active carbon accounting for 20-30 wt% of the soil sample, then adding the soil universal extraction agent according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:18-25 mL, oscillating under the conditions that the temperature is 20-25 DEG C and the rotation speed is 150-200 r/min, and filtering, so as to obtain the filtrate, wherein the filtrate is a to-be detected liquid. The universal extraction agent is a single reagent, the preparation process of the extraction agent is simple, extraction is sufficient, cost is low, and the universal extraction agent is applicable to neutral and calcareous soil, is capable of extracting soil ammonium nitrogen, rapidly-available phosphorus and rapidly-available potassium, and also is capable of extracting soil nitrate nitrogen.

The invention discloses a cotton field urea application method based on soil nitrogen balance, which specifically includes the following steps: (1) determining the total amount of nitrogen application in the whole growth period of cotton according to the target yield, and calculating the total amount of urea application according to the nitrogen content of urea (2) Apply urea three times during the whole growth period of cotton; (3) Take soil samples according to the S-shaped route before each fertilization, according to the principle of equal amount, random, and multi-point mixing. The present invention is based on soil nitrate nitrogen supply, cotton nutrient demand, and fertilizer yield response, and considers the full utilization of inorganic nitrogen in cotton field soil and soil fertility maintenance. The total amount of urea application is about 30% to 40% lower than that of conventional fertilization, which can improve The utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is 5-10 percentage points, which greatly improves economic benefits, does not harm crops, wastes resources, pollutes soil and groundwater sources, does not threaten farmland environment and human health, and can ensure environmental friendliness and sustainable agriculture.

The invention discloses a method for evaluation of agricultural soil nitrate nitrogen leaching loss. The method is specifically implemented according to the steps of: dividing a soil profile into surface soil, middle soil and bottom soil; acquiring the respective soil physical clay content percentage of the surface soil, the middle soil and the bottom soil; acquiring a surface soil texture coefficient, a middle soil texture coefficient and a bottom soil texture coefficient; taking importance degree of agricultural soil nitrate nitrogen leaching loss as the basis, conducting weight assignment to all layers of soil to obtain a surface soil texture coefficient weight, a middle soil texture coefficient weight, and a bottom soil texture coefficient weight; calculating a soil nitrate nitrogen leaching loss index, and determining the evaluation criterion. The method provided by the invention evaluates the soil nitrate nitrogen leaching loss degree, then determines the nitrogen application amount of crops and the fertilizing method, and avoids pollution of nitrate nitrogen leaching loss caused by excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer to underground water.

The invention relates to a Beijing region winter wheat divisional nitrogen application method giving consideration to area yield and environmental risk. The method comprises the following steps of 1, dividing a middle-high producing area and a middle-low producing area according to different winter wheat yield levels in different Beijing regions, wherein the region with a winter wheat yield greater than or equal to 6000kg/hm<2> is defined as the middle-high producing area and the region with a winter wheat yield less than 6000kg/hm<2> is defined as the middle-low producing area, and 2, carrying out nitrogen fertilizer application on winter wheat in the middle-high producing area according to a nitrogen fertilizer application ratio of 130+/-13Kg/hm<2> and carrying out nitrogen fertilizer application on winter wheat in the middle-low producing area according to a nitrogen fertilizer application ratio of 180+/-18Kg/hm<2>. The method utilizes combination of linear regression-platform regression combined method-based inflection point yield study, a soil nitrate leaching loss dynamic monitoring method and an ammonia nitrogen volatilization dynamic monitoring method to determine the optimal threshold, promotes agricultural production and environmental protection harmonious development, and realizes a high yield and minimization of environmental pollution.

The invention discloses a fertilizing method for lowering nitrate leaching loss of soil. The method comprises the steps: applying organic fertilizers before planting according to the fertilizing standard of 0.8-3.0kg of N per mu, 1.0-6.0kg of P per mu and 2.0-10.5kg of K per mu, and meanwhile, applying a small amount of inorganic fertilizers; and then, carrying out planting, and then, applying the inorganic fertilizers for 5-7 times. According to the method, through the specific organic fertilizer variety and reasonable proportion of the organic fertilizers and the inorganic fertilizers, the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen of the soil can be remarkably lowered, the pollution is reduced, and particularly the pollution to underground water is reduced; and the fertilizing method disclosed by the invention can be used for promoting the vegetative growth of plants and remarkably increasing fertilizer production efficiency and guaranteeing crop yield while reducing fertilizer input, thereby having a remarkable economic benefit.

The invention discloses a regional wheat fertilization rationality judging method based on a hyperbolic index and belongs to the technical field of wheat fertilization judgment. The method comprises the steps as follows: A, establishment of wheat fertilization indexes: (1) selecting a plot and performing treatment of different nitrogen fertilizer application quantities; (2) establishing a fertilizer efficiency reaction equation about the wheat yield, and drawing a relation diagram of the nitrogen fertilizer application quantity and the wheat yield; (3) measuring and drawing a soil nitrate nitrogen distribution diagram of a 2 m deep soil layer after treatment of different nitrogen fertilizer application quantities, and performing measurement with every 20 cm as one layer; (4) fitting a quantitative relation equation of the nitrogen fertilizer application quantity and average nitrate nitrogen content of each soil layer at the depth of 1-2 m, and drawing a diagram; completing the wheat fertilization hyperbolic index; B, wheat fertilization rationality judgment: judging whether wheat fertilization is rational or not according to the wheat fertilization hyperbolic index. According to the method, whether fertilization by peasant households is rational or not can be judged and the fertilization quantity can be corrected according to judgment results.

The invention relates to a soil nitrate nitrogen real-time detection system and method based on electrochemistry. The detection system comprises a sample pretreatment unit, a filtering unit and an electrochemical measurement unit, wherein the electrochemical measurement unit is composed of a nitrate electrode, an Ag/AgCl reference electrode, a pH electrode, a temperature sensor, a data processingmodule and the like; and a rapid detection method is constructed on the basis of the following detection model. The detection system disclosed by the invention can directly generate specific responseto nitrate ions in a to-be-detected soil solution, is not limited by the color of the solution, shows outstanding advantages in the aspects of usability, cost and robustness of a detection result, andhas the advantages of simple operation method, high response speed, low price cost, no need of complex pretreatment and the like. Measurement errors are reduced from two aspects of software and hardware by adopting a multi-parameter fusion model, sensor multi-channel comparison, turbid liquid filtering and other methods.

The present invention relates to a Beijing area summer corn partition phosphorus applying method concurrently considering region yield and environmental risk. The method comprises that: 1) a medium-high yield area and a medium-low yield area are divided according to different summer corn yields in different regions of the Beijing area, wherein the yield of more than or equal to 6800 kg/hm<2> is defined as the medium-high yield area, and the yield of less than or equal to 6800 kg/hm<2> is defined as the medium-low yield area; and 2) the phosphorus fertilizer is applied on the summer corn in the medium-high yield area according to the phosphorus fertilizer applying amount of 30+/-3 kg P2O5.hm<-2>, and the phosphorus fertilizer is applied on the summer corn in the medium-low yield area according to the phosphorus fertilizer applying amount of 50+/-5 kg P2O5.hm<-2>. According to the present invention, the linear plus platform regression model method for researching the yield inflection point and the soil nitrate phosphorus dynamic monitoring method are organically combined to determine the optimal threshold value, the diffused pollution is scientifically prevented and controlled, the coordinated development of the agricultural production and the environmental protection is promoted, and the optimal effects of the high yield and the minimized environmental pollution are achieved.