Method for applying nitrogen to summer corn in different areas of Beijing area in consideration of area yields and environmental risks

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for applying nitrogen to summer corn in different areas of the Beijing area in consideration of area yields and environmental risks. The method comprises steps as follows: 1) dividing medium-and-high-yield areas and medium-and-low-yield areas according to different yield levels of the summer corn in the different areas of the Beijing area, areas with the yield of the summer corn higher than or equal to 6800 kg / hm<2> are defined as medium-and-high-yield areas, and areas with the yield of the summer corn lower than 6800 kg / hm<2> are defined as medium-and-low-yield areas; 2) nitrogen fertilizer is applied at the nitrogen application rate of 100+ / -10 Kg N / hm<2> for the summer corn in the medium-and-high-yield areas, and nitrogen fertilizer is applied at the nitrogen application rate of 135+ / -13.5 Kg N / hm<2> for the summer corn in the medium-and-low-yield areas. A linear platform regression method for researching yield inflection points, a dynamic soil nitrate nitrogen leaching loss monitoring method and a dynamic nitrogen ammonia volatilization monitoring method are organically combined to determine optimal thresholds, harmonious development of agricultural production and environmental protection is prompted, and meanwhile, the optimal effect of the high yield and minimization of environmental pollution is realized.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and specifically relates to a method for subregional nitrogen application of summer maize in Beijing that takes into account regional yield and environmental risks. Background technique [0002] As we all know, chemical fertilizers play an indispensable role in ensuring increased food production and maintaining national food security. But for a long time, there has been excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in summer corn fertilization in Beijing, and the fertilizer utilization rate is low (nitrogen utilization rate is about 30%-35%, phosphorus is about 10%-20%, and potassium is about 35%~ 50%) and other outstanding problems, which lead to increased production costs of summer corn and increased ecological and environmental risks. Specifically, in the summer maize rotation system in Beijing, the total annual nitrogen input from farmland is 669kg / hm 2 , The total annual outpu...

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Problems solved by technology

However, in the Beijing area, according to the soil and climate characteristics of different summer corn production areas, there are few reports on how to determine the amount of nitrogen application to minimize air and groundwater pollution without reducing production. A few reports only focus on one aspect , and the research method is old (CN201310060360.6; CN201410574465.8)

For example, in the research on the coupling of yield and soil nitrate nitrogen, the yield analysis adopts the parabolic method, and the nitrate nitrogen is measured by the residual nitrate nitrogen in the soil after the summer corn is harvested. The problem is that the parabolic method is used to determine the inflection point of yield by human eyes Observation, it is difficult to calculate the specific value, which will lead to an increase in error; and the determination of the residual nitrate nitrogen in the soil after crop harvest cannot explain the risk of groundwater pollution. Nitrogen is persuasive

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