The present invention belongs to the technical field of
flame retardant materials, and relates to a
lignin flame retardant, a preparation method thereof, and a
flame retardant
composite material. The present invention discloses a method for preparing a
lignin flame retardant, and the preparation method comprises: S1, dissolving
lignin,
urea, and a
phosphorus source in water to prepare a
mixed solution, heating and stirring the solution,
drying, and performing secondary heating and curing, and
grafting a
phosphoric acid group on the surface of the lignin to obtain phosphorylated lignin; S2, mixing the phosphorylated lignin, the
phosphorus source, and the
nitrogen source in S1, heating and stirring the solution, and performing secondary heating and curing to obtain a lignin flame retardant containing an
ammonium polyphosphate structure; the lignin flame retardant includes an
ammonium polyphosphate structure, and the amount of
phosphoric acid group grafted is 45-55wt%. The present invention also discloses a flame retardant
composite material, which contains 1-8wt% of a lignin flame retardant.