323 results about "Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations" patented technology

Methods and apparatus relating to very large scale FET arrays for analyte measurements. ChemFET (e.g., ISFET) arrays may be fabricated using conventional CMOS processing techniques based on improved FET pixel and array designs that increase measurement sensitivity and accuracy, and at the same time facilitate significantly small pixel sizes and dense arrays. Improved array control techniques provide for rapid data acquisition from large and dense arrays. Such arrays may be employed to detect a presence and/or concentration changes of various analyte types in a wide variety of chemical and/or biological processes. In one example, chemFET arrays facilitate DNA sequencing techniques based on monitoring changes in hydrogen ion concentration (pH), changes in other analyte concentration, and/or binding events associated with chemical processes relating to DNA synthesis.

Disclosed herein is an electroless copper plating solution, including a copper salt, a completing agent, a reductant and a pH adjuster, in which the plating solution includes a 2,2-dipyridyl acid solution and the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) thereof is about 11.5 to about 13.0, a method of producing the same, and an electroless copper plating method. According to the plating solution of the present invention, an electroless copper plating film having stable and improved adhesivity and low electrical resistance can be obtained. Further, display devices including a metal pattern formed with the electroless copper plating solution can improve the reliability and price competitiveness of products prepared therefrom.

Provided herein are devices, systems, and methods of employing the same for the performance of bioinformatics analysis. The apparatuses and methods of the disclosure are directed in part to large scale graphene FET sensors, arrays, and integrated circuits employing the same for analyte measurements. The present GFET sensors, arrays, and integrated circuits may be fabricated using conventional CMOS processing techniques based on improved GFET pixel and array designs that increase measurement sensitivity and accuracy, and at the same time facilitate significantly small pixel sizes and dense GFET sensor based arrays. Improved fabrication techniques employing graphene as a reaction layer provide for rapid data acquisition from small sensors to large and dense arrays of sensors. Such arrays may be employed to detect a presence and/or concentration changes of various analyte types in a wide variety of chemical and/or biological processes, including DNA hybridization and/or sequencing reactions. Accordingly, GFET arrays facilitate DNA sequencing techniques based on monitoring changes in hydrogen ion concentration (pH), changes in other analyte concentration, and/or binding events associated with chemical processes relating to DNA synthesis within a gated reaction chamber of the GFET based sensor.

Provided herein are devices, systems, and methods of employing the same for the performance of bioinformatics analysis. The apparatuses and methods of the disclosure are directed in part to large scale graphene FET sensors, arrays, and integrated circuits employing the same for analyte measurements. The present GFET sensors, arrays, and integrated circuits may be fabricated using conventional CMOS processing techniques based on improved GFET pixel and array designs that increase measurement sensitivity and accuracy, and at the same time facilitate significantly small pixel sizes and dense GFET sensor based arrays. Improved fabrication techniques employing graphene as a reaction layer provide for rapid data acquisition from small sensors to large and dense arrays of sensors. Such arrays may be employed to detect a presence and/or concentration changes of various analyte types in a wide variety of chemical and/or biological processes, including DNA hybridization and/or sequencing reactions. Accordingly, GFET arrays facilitate DNA sequencing techniques based on monitoring changes in hydrogen ion concentration (pH), changes in other analyte concentration, and/or binding events associated with chemical processes relating to DNA synthesis within a gated reaction chamber of the GFET based sensor.

The invention discloses a clean viscous acid for acid fracturing of a carbonate reservoir, which is applied to the technical fields of acidification and acid fracturing of petroleum carbonate reservoirs. The clean viscous acid consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 3-7 percent of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 0.3-0.7 percent of sodium salicylate, 15-28 percent of hydrochloric acid, 0.125-0.25 percent of citric acid or 0.05-0.1 percent of CX-301 or 0.3-0.5 percent of TW-1 serving as an iron ion stabilizing agent, 0.2-0.25 percent of a diimidazoline quaternary ammonium salt and the balance of water. The clean viscous acid has high retardative property, the retarding rate can reach 42-56 percent, the fresh acid viscosity is 25-40 mPa.S, and the acid liquor viscosity rises during acid fracturing of the carbonate reservoir. When the hydrogen ion concentration falls till the pH is more than or equal to 2, the acid liquor viscosity rises for forming viscoelastic gel, the permeation resistance of an acid liquor in a high permeation layer is increased, and the length of an acid etching crack is prolonged. Reacted residual acid gel can undergo gel breaking automatically, is free from residues, is easy for discharging, and has small damage to stratums.

Particular aspects provide novel devices and methods for accurately measuring total ammonia (NH₃ plus NH₄⁺) in a solution (e.g., freshwater and saltwater) by spatially proximate, simultaneous and continuous quantitative measurement of solution pH and ammonia. The devices overcome prior art inaccuracies relating to non-homogeneous sampling, and to spatial, temporal and thermal sampling discontinuities. Particular embodiments provide a combination pH and ammonia measuring device, comprising: a submersible member; a submersible non-bleeding ammonia-sensing portion attached to the submersible member and suitable to provide for a continuous visual indicator of solution ammonia concentration; a submersible non-bleeding pH-sensing portion attached to the submersible member and suitable to provide for a continuous visual indicator of solution pH; visual ammonia and pH indicator comparison means suitable for comparative quantitative determination of solution ammonia concentration and pH. Additional aspects provide novel ultra-sensitive devices and methods using same for measuring ammonia in air or solution.

The invention discloses a method for preparing an orthorhombic phase molybdenum trioxide nano wire, which is characterized in that molybdate, molybdic acid or molybdenum trioxide is dissolved in aqueous solution with quadrol concentration of 0.2-6 mol/L to cause the mol ratio of molybdenum atom and quadrol to be 1:1-6; and then strong acid solution with hydrogen ion concentration of 0.5-3.0 mol/L is dropwise added under the condition of stirring till the pH value is within 4 to 5; the solution is unceasingly stirred for 10 to 30 min; then the white precipitation is sucked, filtered, washed and dried to obtain white orthorhombic phase single crystal nano wires with the diameter of 100 to 400 nm and the length of 10-40 Mum. In the method, the raw materials are easily obtained; the needed device is simple; the technique is convenient; the reaction can be finished in an hour in the normal temperature and pressure; the method is safe and easy to be controlled; the productive rate reaches more than 99 percent; the mother solution can be reused; and the method is applicable to large-scale industry production.

The invention relates to a process for treating amantadine bromination waste water and mineral acid and alkali recycling through a bipolar membrane electrodialysis process, which comprises the following steps: firstly, filtrating bromination waste water through micropore filtration film; then pumping the bromination waste water into a salt chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, pumping tap water into an acid chamber and an alkali chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, and pumping Na2SO4 solution into electrode liquid of the two ends of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device; and finally, starting the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device and recycling the acid and the alkali. According to the invention, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology is used for the treatment of degradation-resistant amantadine bromination waste water, and realizes the recycle of the mineral acid and the alkali in waste water. The process has the following advantages: bromine irons in waste water containing bromine can be removed, the desalination rate is higher than 95 percent, the hydrogen ion concentration is decreased from 2.95 mol/L to 0.003 mol/L below, and avoids secondary contamination; the process enables the degradation-resistant pharmaceutical wastewater to become biochemical degradable organic wastewater, and emits qualified waste water after the biochemical treatment; and the control effectiveness is good, the operation is convenient, and the process has a favorable application prospect.

The invention relates to an indicator for on-site detecting formaldehyde gas density, which is composed of a main agent, a promoter, an interface modifier and a carrier, wherein the main agent is the mixture of acid hydroxylamine and hydrogen ion density indicator. The invention can realize online detection by arranging the material into a detector which can quantitatively display different formaldehyde gas densities. The detector prepared with the material has simple and sensitive detection method with low cost.

A preparation method of polyaniline nanometer line relates to a polymeric material, supplying a preparation method of polyaniline nanometer line based on the polymerization on suspended interface, the method is of gentle reaction conditions, high efficiency, and suitable for industrial production. A acidic aqueous solution containing 1mol/L hydrion concentration is added into a container to do external phase before water soluble dispersing agent is fed into and the water soluble dispersing agent concentration is 1 to 2 g/L in the terminal system; organic solution containing 0.1 to 1 mol/L aniline monomer is added into the acidic aqueous solution, then an acidic aqueous solution with the same mole of oxidant as aniline is added into the aqueous solution under the reaction temperature from 0 DEG C to room temperature, and the volume ration between organic phase and the acidic aqueous solution is 1/20 to 1/5; the product is filtrated after 2 to 48 hours of reaction, then the filtration is washed to neutral by distilled water, and washed with alcohol until the filtration is colorless and transparent; the product is baked under 40 to 60 DEG C, finally the polyaniline nanometer line with diameters between 40 to 90 nm is acquired.

[Purpose] To provide a cleaning liquid composition that has excellent removability for metallic impurities and particulates, does not cause corrosion of Cu, and can clean a semiconductor substrate having copper wiring in a production process for an electronic device such as a semiconductor device.

[Solution means] A cleaning liquid composition for cleaning a semiconductor substrate having copper wiring, the cleaning liquid composition containing one or more types of basic compound containing no metal, and one or more types of phosphonic acid-based chelating agent, and having a hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of 8 to 10.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a positive composite material of a graphene-lithium battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) performing coprecipitation-loading on graphene, a graphene precursor, graphene powder or graphene dispersion and a positive material of a lithium battery, namely adding the graphene, the graphene precursor, the graphene powder or the graphene dispersion and the positive material of the lithium battery in the mass ratio of 1:8 to 1:100 into a solvent to keep the concentration at 1-120 g/L, then adding auxiliaries which is 1-10 mass percent of the grapheme, adjusting the hydrogen ion concentration to be 1.0*10<-5> to 1.0*10<2> mol/L through a pH value adjustment agent, and mixing at the temperature of 10-80 DEG C for 1-96 hours to obtain a loaded product; (2) performing centrifugal separation on the loaded product, wherein one product is a solid sample; (3) roasting the separated solid sample at the temperature of 400-700 DEG C for 0.5-4 hours, and performing activation to obtain the positive composite material of the graphene-lithium battery. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the volume specific capacity and the attenuation resistance are improved, the cycle life is long, and the capacity stability is high.

The invention relates to a synthetic method of a mesoporous-microporous composite ZSM-5/MCM-41 molecular sieve. The method comprises the steps of: adding a ZSM-5 microporous molecular sieve into acid or alkali solution, wherein the hydrogen ion concentration in the acid solution is 0.1 mol/L to 1.0 mol/L, the hydroxy radical concentration in the acid solution is 0.1 mol/L to 0.5 mol/L, and the mass ratio of liquid to solid is 30; dissolving CTAB (Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide) into water, adding a silicon source or the silicon source and an aluminum source to obtain clear solution, adding the ZSM-5 which is etched by acid or alkali, regulating pH value by sulfuric acid with the concentration of 2 mol/L, crystallizing, filtering, drying and roasting, wherein the mass ratio of ZSM-5 to CTAB is 0.08 to 0.39, and the molar ratio of SiO2 to CTAB to H2O in a synthetic gel system is 1 to 0.15 to (60-120). The method has the advantages of simple operation and good reproducibility.

Free Radical Solution functional (electrolyzed) water with high oxidation reduction potential of 900 mV, and with a stable Hydrogen Ion Concentration (HIC) level of 6-8 pH is provided that cleans, deodorizes, and sterilizes without any chemicals. The FRS water is pollution free, non-chemical and water based solution. The original and the resulting end material (or component) in the process of producing FRS water is simply water (H₂O). Using transformation of water molecules by pretreatment and electrolysis processes, water is transformed to Free Radical Solution water wherein the free radicals in the FRS water solution add the very unique (physical) characteristics and functions that makes this water different from regular water (physically). The transformation is not chemical, but a physical change of atoms or molecules in water, i.e. the H₂O molecules of water are transformed into different types of free radicals. The transformations are random, continuous, and repeat for at least two hours after production.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a nanoscale lithium titanate material with high specific capacity. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a liquid A; (2) preparing a liquid B; (3) under a condition of magnetic stirring, slowly adding the liquid B into the liquid A, so as to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid; (4) putting the mixed dispersion liquid into a high-temperature reaction still, then placing the high-temperature reaction still in a drying oven for reaction, after the reaction, naturally cooling to room temperature, leaching, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and then drying under a condition that the temperature is 60-120 DEG C so as to obtain a precursor; (5) sintering the precursor for 1-5 hours in anitrogen atmosphere under a condition that the temperature is between 400-1000 DEG C, so as to obtain the nanoscale lithium titanate material; (6) immersing the nanoscale lithium titanate material in an acid solution with the hydrogen ion concentration of 0.01-14mol/L under a condition that the temperature is 20-200 DEG C, then leaching, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and then drying, so as to obtain the nanoscale lithium titanate material with high specific capacity.

The invention relates a layer-by-layer self-assembly polyaniline/nylon composite conductive fabric preparation method, comprising the following steps: pretreating nylon fabric with 5-40g/L of sodium polystyrene sulfonate solution, performing two-dip-two-rolling, drying the fabric at 40-70 DEG C, soaking the fabric in a acid-doped mixed solution of aniline and ammonium persulfate, stirring the solution continuously, reacting for 15-40min, taking the fabric out to washing fully and drying, repeating the above operations n times (n is not less than 1), finally performing second doping for 15-40min in the acid solution of which the hydrogen ion concentration equals 1mol/L and washing and drying the fabric to obtain the polyaniline/nylon composite conductive fabric. The preparation method of the invention combines the padding technology which is frequently used in dyeing and finishing so that the reaction time is reduced, polyaniline can enter in the nylon fibre fast, the electric conductivity of the composite fabric is increased, and the cost and the pollution to the environment are lower.

The invention discloses a method for synchronously fermenting n-undecane (nC11) to highly yield eleven-carbon dicarboxylic acid (DC11) by utilizing a microorganism. The microorganism is Candida tropicalis ly-1, of which the preservation number is CCTCC (China Center for Type Culture Collection) NO. M 209223. The method is characterized in that within 28 hours after strains of the microorganism are connected to a culture medium using normal alkane as the substrate, the pH (hydrogen ion concentration) is controlled below 6.8, cell growth is taken as the principal task, and a certain amount of dicarboxylic acid is also produced; within 28 hours to 60 hours, the pH is controlled below 7.3, acid production is taken as the principal task, and a certain number of cells are also increased; and after 60 hours, the pH is controlled below 8.0, and various dicarboxylic acids are produced quickly. When the method is used for fermenting nC11 to produce DC11, the stains of the microorganism and nC11are fermented for 150 hours in a fermentation tank with a volume of 210m3; and the output of DC11 can reach up to 156g/L, the conversion rate can reach 86.7 percent, and the purity of DC11 can reach 98.2 percent.

Disclosed is a 12CaO.7Al₂O₃ compound, a 12SrO.7Al₂O₃ compound, or a mixed crystal compound of 12CaO.7Al₂O₃ and 12SrO.7Al₂O₃, which contains a negative hydrogen ion (H⁻, H²⁻, H₂⁻ at a concentration of 1×10¹⁸ cm⁻³ or more. A negative hydrogen ion comprising a primary component of a hydride ion is incorporated into C12A7 (12CaO.7Al₂O₃), so that a function of being converted from an insulative material to an electrically conductive material in a sustained manner by means of irradiation with light can be exhibited even in the normal atmosphere at a room temperature. The present invention also provides a solid electrolyte capable of conducting a negative hydrogen ion, and means for releasing a hydride ion from the inside of a solid into a gaseous phase using an electric field.

The present invention relates to a comprehensive recovery process for a rare earth and strontium intergrowth multi-metal ore. The mineral mainly comprises rare earth fluoro-carbonate and at least one selected from a sulfate of the strontium, a carbonate of the strontium or a strontium oxide. According to the present invention, at least one method selected from gravity separation, magnetic separation and flotation separation is adopted to carry out concurrent screening for the rare earth and the strontium in the rare earth and strontium intergrowth multi-metal ore to obtain the bulk concentrate containing the rare earth and the strontium; then the bulk concentrate is subjected to oxidizing roasting for 1-8 hours at a temperature of 350-700 DEG C in air atmosphere or oxygen atmosphere; the resulting calcine is subjected to leaching for 1.0-5.0 hours by a sulfuric acid solution with the hydrogen ion concentration of 0.5-12.0 mol/L, wherein the leaching temperature is 20-100 DEG C, the leaching liquid-solid ratio (by weight) is 1-5:1. The comprehensive recovery process of the present invention has the following advantages that: the rare earth is almost entirely leached in the solution; the strontium sulfate (SrSO4) is remained in the residue; the strontium concentrate with the grade of about 70% is obtained, and can be sold directly or deep processed; with the comprehensive recovery process of the present invention, the multi-metal ore containing the rare earth and the strontium can be effectively separated.