85 results about "Voltammetry" patented technology

The invention relates to a water quality heavy metal rapid analysis method and system.The analysis method comprises the steps that an actual water quality sample is tested through anodic stripping voltammetry to obtain an electric sensing signal corresponding to the content of heavy metal in the sample; and processing and analyzing the obtained electric sensing signal to obtain a corresponding result of the concentration of the heavy metal in the water quality sample and the electric sensing signal, namely performing qualitative analysis, analyzing the signal, determining the type of the heavy metal according to a dissolution peak position, and determining the concentration of the heavy metal according to the dissolution peak position. According to a pre-trained qualitative recognition model, the type of a working electrode of an electric sensing signal source is determined, then a corresponding pre-trained quantitative regression model is selected based on the type of the working electrode and the type of the heavy metal, and the concentration of the heavy metal in a sample is accurately and quantitatively analyzed. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that chemical-free quantitative analysis is realized through a rapid quantitative analysis technology, the detection process is simplified, the generation of waste liquid is reduced, and the problem of secondary environmental pollution is effectively avoided.

The invention discloses a method and a device for determining a diffusion coefficient in a charged micropollutant nanofiltration membrane in the technical field of membranes. The method comprises the following steps: arranging a four-electrode electrochemical system in an H-type electrolytic tank, adding a micropollutant solution into the H-type electrolytic tank, and analyzing the micropollutant solution by adopting linear scanning voltammetry to obtain first data; according to the method, a micro-pollutant solution system, a micro-pollutant solution and nanofiltration membrane system and micro-pollutant solutions and nanofiltration membrane systems with different concentrations are tested and analyzed based on a four-electrode electrochemical system in an H-shaped electrolytic tank, and corresponding solution intrinsic conductivity data, system conductivity data and open-circuit voltage data are obtained; the method has the advantages of simple test steps, fast data acquisition, short overall test period, fast replacement and adjustment of the micropollutant solution and the nanofiltration membrane, wide application range, simple and effective linear fitting data processing process, and good repeatability.

The invention provides a method for testing the contact resistance of a solar cell film, which comprises the following steps of: preparing a plurality of multi-layer stacked test samples with different thicknesses, and alternately depositing an amorphous silicon film and a transparent conductive oxide film on a glass substrate of each sample to form a horizontal laminated structure; respectively arranging silver electrodes on the left side and the right side of each sample for performing voltage-current volt-ampere test, and recording the total resistance of each sample in a specified voltage range and the change condition of the total resistance along with the thickness of the film layer; electrode contact resistance is measured and deducted; reversely deducing the resistance value when the thickness of the film layer is 0 through an extrapolation method to obtain the contact resistance between the film layers; and calculating the contact resistance of a single interface according to the number of contact interfaces of the amorphous silicon film and the transparent conductive oxide film in the sample. The method is suitable for a test system under different manufacture procedures and thickness changes, and quantitative extraction of the contact resistance between the amorphous silicon and the TCO is achieved.

The invention discloses an ammonia nitrogen electrochemical sensitive electrode based on a platinum-zinc-copper ternary alloy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical sensing. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, dissolving platinum salt, copper salt and zinc salt in deionized water according to a certain proportion to prepare a precursor solution for electrodeposition; and then, constructing a three-electrode system by taking the cleaned carbon cloth substrate as a working electrode, a platinum sheet as a counter electrode and Ag / AgCl as a reference electrode, and depositing a platinum-zinc-copper ternary nano-alloy sensitive material on the carbon cloth substrate through an electrochemical cyclic voltammetry to obtain the ammonia nitrogen electrochemical sensitive electrode based on the platinum-zinc-copper ternary alloy. Finally, the electrode is used for sensitive detection of ammonia nitrogen in water. The detection performance of the platinum-zinc-copper ternary alloy electrode on ammonia nitrogen is superior to that of a sensitive electrode of the same type, and the platinum-zinc-copper ternary alloy electrode has the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, wide linear range, low detection limit and the like, shows good repeatability and interference resistance, and can realize rapid detection and real-time monitoring on ammonia nitrogen in water.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of an electrochemical biosensor for dynamically monitoring Cyt c in tumor cells based on fast scanning voltammetry. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) preparing a PtNE nano electrode; (2) preparing the PtNE / Apt nano electrochemical biosensor; and (3) accurately puncturing the PtNE / Apt electrode into cytoplasm of a single Hela cell through a three-dimensional micro-control system, so that Apt and intracellular Cyt c are specifically combined and subjected to conformational change, and 3 '-end modified Fc is close to the surface of the electrode, thereby generating a remarkable electrochemical signal. The change of Fc redox peak current is dynamically monitored through fast scanning voltammetry, the quantitative relation between the Cyt c concentration and the peak current is established, and the relation between the Cyt c concentration and the cell activity is monitored according to the quantitative relation. The device has the advantages of high sensitivity, excellent anti-interference capability and remarkable signal amplification effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment detection, and particularly relates to a heavy metal concentration and water body flow velocity synchronous detection method for a dispersed drain outlet, which is used for synchronously detecting the heavy metal cadmium concentration and the water body flow velocity. The core of the method comprises a three-electrode sensing system consisting of a working electrode coated with a tungsten oxide film, a reference electrode and a counter electrode, and is assisted by an electrochemical workstation, a peristaltic pump, a flow cell and a signal processing module. The cadmium concentration is accurately measured through the square wave anodic stripping voltammetry, the flow velocity is synchronously detected through the open circuit potentiometry, dual-function detection is achieved through integration of the square wave anodic stripping voltammetry and the open circuit potentiometry, synchronous in-situ detection of the cadmium concentration and the water body flow velocity is achieved, and errors caused by measurement position differences are effectively eliminated. The result shows that the cadmium concentration and the dissolution peak current are in a linear relationship, and the water flow velocity logarithm and the open-circuit potential are in a linear relationship. The method designed by the invention is suitable for scattered and small sewage draining exit scenes, and effectively solves the problems of time consumption and equipment redundancy of traditional step-by-step detection. In an actual water sample test, the cadmium recovery rate is 80%-120%, the flow velocity measurement RSD is smaller than or equal to 5.0%, high reproducibility, stability and anti-interference performance are achieved, technical support is provided for real-time online evaluation of the total heavy metal emission amount, and the method has remarkable environmental monitoring application potential.

The invention relates to a method for detecting the content of collagen in an electrolyte, which comprises the following steps: (1) polishing and cleaning a working electrode of a measuring system in an electrochemical workstation, and then performing electrode activating treatment by adopting a VMS (additive-free copper sulfate electrolyte, hereinafter referred to as VMS) imitated electrolyte; (2) preparing collagen standard solutions with different concentrations, setting electrochemical parameters of an electrochemical workstation, then performing analysis and detection through electrochemical anodic stripping voltammetry, and drawing a standard curve of peak current and collagen concentration; and (3) pretreating the electrolyte to be detected, then analyzing and detecting by electrochemical anodic stripping voltammetry, and calculating the content of the collagen according to the standard curve. A data result obtained by the detection method shows that the accuracy can reach 0.1 ppm, so that the accurate determination of the collagen content in the electrolyte is realized.

The present invention discloses a method for simultaneously detecting dopamine and epinephrine, which comprises the following steps: 1) drawing a positive reduction peak current-dopamine concentration standard curve and a negative reduction peak current-dopamine and epinephrine total concentration standard curve; 2) after mixing the sample solution to be tested with a buffer solution, voltammetry detection is performed, the positive reduction peak current and the negative reduction peak current are tested, and then the concentration of dopamine is obtained by referring to the positive reduction peak current-dopamine concentration standard curve and the total concentration of dopamine and epinephrine is obtained by referring to the negative reduction peak current-dopamine and epinephrine total concentration standard curve, and then the concentration of dopamine is deducted from the total concentration of dopamine and epinephrine to obtain the concentration of epinephrine. The method of the present invention can realize the simultaneous determination of dopamine and epinephrine concentrations in biological samples, has the advantages of being simple and efficient, highly sensitive, and having strong anti-interference ability, and is suitable for on-site real-time detection.

A method of measuring ultra-low concentration of a target analyte in a host fluid includes placing a droplet by a micropipette having an ejection tip, positioned by a micro-positioner, configured to position the ejection tip atop a first electrode in electrochemical contact with an electrolyte disposed in a first vessel, such that a droplet having an initial radius comprising of a target analyte in a host fluid can be deposited atop the first electrode, iteratively applying a potential to the first electrode and measuring electrical current between the first electrode and a second electrode in electrochemical contact with the electrolyte based on a predetermined voltage sweep rate, obtaining current vs. voltage curves for each voltameter iteration, identifying redox or oxidation peaks for each voltameter iteration based on a predetermined criterion, and determining target analyte concentration based on the identified redox or oxidation peaks.

The application discloses a four-electrode voltammetry oil product acid-base value detection circuit design method, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical detection. The method comprises the following steps: designing a four-electrode system, a controllable current source, a voltage sensing unit and a regulation circuit to form a complete oil product acid-base value detection circuit. The four-electrode system comprises an auxiliary electrode, a working electrode and two reference electrodes; the controllable current source outputs an excitation current and injects the excitation current into a detection solution through the auxiliary electrode and the working electrode; the voltage sensing unit collects a response potential difference of the detection solution through the two reference electrodes; the regulation circuit adjusts the output excitation current of the controllable current source in a current scanning or voltage scanning mode and synchronously collects the response potential difference, constructs a voltammetry curve between the excitation current and the response potential difference, and calculates a reaction peak area parameter and a corresponding acid-base value of the measured oil product. The application can overcome the problem caused by the working electrode potential drift of the traditional three-electrode type oil product acid-base value detection circuit, and thus stable and accurate detection results are obtained.

The invention provides a method for electrochemically detecting sugar concentration. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a solution to be detected, detecting and analyzing. And a to-be-detected solution preparation step: mixing the sugar-containing to-be-detected sample with the copper sulfate-containing solvent to obtain the to-be-detected solution. And a detection step: dropwise adding the solution to be detected into the electrode test piece in a room temperature environment without additional heating, applying a driving voltage to the electrode test piece through an electrochemical voltammetry method so as to activate an oxidation-reduction reaction of the solution to be detected, and monitoring a current value of the electrode test piece in a potential section so as to obtain current value data. And an analysis step: comparing the sugar potential standard data with the current value data to obtain sugar concentration data of the sugar-containing sample to be detected. The method has the advantages of low operation difficulty, high detection efficiency and high detection precision, and solves the production safety problem caused by an old heating program.

Methods of and apparatuses for monitoring a plating bath composition by using voltammetric consolidated designer waveforms. The designer AC waveforms are optimized and consolidated to maximize analytical output of the solitary measurement thus drastically reducing the total time required for a full analysis of a plating bath as compared to traditional analytical techniques. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel concept of generating of a consolidated designer waveform from the preselected segments of designer AC waveforms. More particularly, the method of present invention relates to determination of segments of designer AC waveforms based on a novel chemometric parameter of Analysis of Variance relative F-ratio.

An electrochemical sugar concentration measurement method includes: a test solution preparing step, combining a sugar-containing test sample with a copper sulfate-containing solvent to form a test solution; a testing step, in room temperature environment and without need for additional heating, dropping the test solution onto an electrode test strip and applying a driving voltage to the electrode test strip through electrochemical voltammetry to activate oxidation-reduction reaction of the test solution, and detecting a current value within a potential range of the electrode test strip to obtain a current value data; and an analyzing step, analyzing the current value data to obtain a sugar concentration data of the sugar-containing test sample. The present disclosure achieves the advantages of simple operation, high testing efficiency, and high measurement precision, and resolve industrial safety issues of conventional heating methods.

Electrochemical systems, devices, and methods for quantitative analysis of the concentration of a target analyte ionic species (e.g., arsenic (III) or arsenic (V), lead, cadmium, or copper) in a liquid sample. The system provides a convenient, reliable and accurate target analyte concentration determination method using voltammetry analysis as an analysis technology. An electrochemical instrument and sensor including a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode are configured to perform anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) and determine a target analyte within a large concentration range. The system provides an apparatus and method for normalizing the resulting peak current using the initial plating / pre-enrichment current by applying at least one arithmetical operation to the peak current, the arithmetical operation comprising dividing the peak current by the sum of charges or currents measured during electrodeposition.

The application discloses a modified anode for a marine sediment microbial fuel cell and a preparation method of the modified anode and the marine sediment microbial fuel cell, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining a primary anode; S2, nitrogen is introduced into a first PBS buffer solution to perform nitrogen exposure treatment, and dopamine hydrochloride is added to obtain a first electrolyte; S3, the primary anode is immersed into the first electrolyte, and electro-deposition is performed on the primary anode by a first cyclic voltammetry scanning method to obtain a PDA modified anode; S4, Fe3O4 powder is added into a second PBS buffer solution to obtain a second electrolyte; and S5, the PDA modified anode is immersed into the second electrolyte, and electro-deposition is performed on the PDA modified anode by a second cyclic voltammetry scanning method to obtain a PDA / Fe3O4 modified anode. The PDA / Fe3O4 composite is used to modify the anode, the electrochemical performance of the anode is improved, and a proper amount of amino acid is added into the sediment, so that the organic matter conversion and electron transmission efficiency of the microbial fuel cell are improved, and the electricity generation performance of the microbial fuel cell is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical analysis, and discloses an electrochemical detection method for chloride ions in zinc electrolyte, which adopts a glassy carbon substrate-graphene-silver nanocluster-chloride ion imprinted polymer three-layer composite electrode. According to the invention, by constructing a graphene-silver nanocluster-chloride ion imprinted polymer three-layer composite electrode interface, the electrode function is reconstructed from three dimensions of ion recognition, spatial isolation and electron transfer; the problems of sensitivity attenuation and selectivity deterioration caused by synergistic interference of high-concentration Zn < 2 + > and SO4 < 2-> in a zinc electrolyte system in a traditional voltammetry method are fundamentally solved. According to the method, complex sample pretreatment is not needed, expensive instruments and equipment are not needed, in-situ, real-time and high-precision detection of the chloride ions can be achieved on an industrial site, and a key technical support is provided for intelligent control and energy efficiency optimization of a zinc electrolysis process.

The invention provides a copper ion interference eliminating method for electrochemically detecting the content of lead ions and cadmium ions. The technical problems of membrane pollution and blockage, high membrane maintenance and replacement cost, interference caused by introduction of additional metal ions, need of accurate control of the use amount of a masking agent and the like in the existing method adopting a heavy metal membrane and the masking agent are solved. The method comprises the following steps: based on a three-electrode system, carrying out i-t enrichment on a solution to be detected in an electrochemical cell of an electrochemical workstation by using a screen-printed electrode, setting the enrichment potential to be-0.5 V to-0.4 V, and setting sufficient enrichment time to complete enrichment of copper ions; after the enrichment is finished, replacing the screen-printed electrode with an acidified carbon nanotube / Nafion composite screen-printed electrode containing a three-electrode system, and detecting the content of lead ions and cadmium ions in the solution to be detected by using an electrochemical workstation and selecting a square wave anodic stripping voltammetry; the method can be widely applied to the technical field of heavy metal ion detection.

The application discloses a high-salt food heavy metal detection equipment and a detection method, and applies a dissolution voltammetry method for measurement, and comprises an outer casing, an electrode cover and a stirring device, wherein a thermal ionization chamber is preinstalled with an electrolyte, the bottom of the outer casing is provided with the thermal ionization chamber, one end of the thermal ionization chamber is communicated with an air inlet channel, the air inlet channel is installed with a hot air blower, the hot air blower blows hot air into the thermal ionization chamber to accelerate sample decomposition ionization. The middle part of the outer casing is provided with a partition, the partition is provided with the stirring device above and the thermal ionization chamber below, and the inner wall of the thermal ionization chamber is provided with a heat preservation layer to reduce heat loss. In use, the other end of the thermal ionization chamber is provided with an air outlet channel and a butterfly valve, when the sample enters the thermal ionization chamber, the hot air blower blows hot air to accelerate sample decomposition ionization, and after the sample is completely decomposed, the butterfly valve is closed to make the sample solution enter a rotating container.

The invention provides an on-line electrochemical measurement method for the performance of an alloy plating solution. The method comprises the following steps: depositing the alloy plating solution in a constant-current deposition stage to obtain an alloy plating layer; in the dissolution stage, the dissolution peak of each metal element is sequentially obtained by adopting a scanning voltammetry method, and the dissolution electric quantity Q of each metal element is calculated; the atom proportion X (at%) is calculated according to the dissolution electric quantity of each metal element in atom proportion calculation, and X (at%) is equal to [zx-1. QX / sigma zy-1. QY] * 100%; qX represents the dissolution electric quantity of the to-be-detected metal element X, and zx represents the valence state of the to-be-detected metal element X in the alloy plating solution; qY represents the dissolution electric quantity of any metal element Y in the alloy plating layer, and zy represents the valence state of the metal element Y in the alloy plating solution; wherein Y comprises X and zx, and zy is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 6; and in the performance comparison, comparing the calculated atom proportion of the metal element with a target value, and judging whether the performance of the alloy plating solution meets the requirement or not.

The application belongs to the field of electrochemical detection, and particularly relates to a novel water-vapor coupling photoelectric self-powered electrochemical sensor for detecting enrofloxacin and a preparation method thereof. A glass substrate is used as a substrate, a copper foil tape is used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode, CdS (cadmium sulfide) and a cobalt-based metal organic framework (ZIF-67) are used as water-vapor / photovoltaic materials to construct a heterojunction for preparing a water-vapor generator to realize sustainable power generation. The CdS / ZIF-67 heterojunction is beneficial to the separation of photo-generated carriers under illumination and synergistically enhances the water evaporation effect. An enrofloxacin (ENR) aptamer is assembled to construct a water-vapor / photovoltaic self-powered electrochemical sensor. With the help of split aptamers, the ENR detection exhibits high sensitivity and high specificity, and provides a new strategy for self-powered electrochemical detection. The water-vapor / photovoltaic self-powered electrochemical sensor has a wide detection range, high sensitivity and low detection limit.

This invention relates to the field of energy storage device technology and provides a method for preparing a high-specific-capacitance hydrated ruthenium oxide cathode material, comprising the following steps: annealing RuO2·xH2O; preparing a slurry by mixing RuO2·xH2O powder with a binder and a conductive agent, stirring, coating it onto carbon paper, and vacuum drying; using a three-electrode system, with the dried carbon paper loaded with RuO2·xH2O powder as the working electrode, performing an activation process, wherein the activation method is one of constant current intermittent titration activation, cyclic voltammetry activation, and constant current charge-discharge activation. This invention also provides a high-specific-capacitance hydrated ruthenium oxide cathode material and its application. This invention lowers the annealing temperature, reducing some of the crystal water in the hydrated ruthenium oxide to a suitable level; then, by using electrochemical constant current intermittent titration cycles to reduce the crystallinity of the hydrated ruthenium oxide, electron transport and ion transport reach the most coordinated state, thereby improving the specific capacitance of the cathode material.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly detecting inorganic arsenic in aquatic animals. The method comprises the following steps: pre-treating an aquatic animal sample to be detected to obtain a sample solution to be detected; the method comprises the following steps: taking a silk-screen printing electrode as a working electrode, electrifying a to-be-detected sample solution by adopting anodic stripping voltammetry to collect an electrical response parameter in the electrifying process, and further obtaining the content of inorganic arsenic according to the electrical response parameter. According to the method, the screen-printed electrode is adopted to replace a traditional glassy carbon electrode or gold electrode, polishing is not needed, operation is easy, throwing is achieved when the electrode is used, the price is low, batch production is easy, and the performance is stable, and the electrochemical anodic stripping voltammetry is applied to detection of inorganic arsenic in aquatic animals for the first time; the shape of the working electrode and an ink carbon-based material in the working electrode are optimized, and the quantitation limit of the finally measured sample is as low as 0.1 mg / kg; the method is simple, rapid and efficient, and is suitable for large-scale production and application on a base layer.

An electrochemical process for detecting and / or quantifying sulfur dioxide (SO2) in a liquid, the process comprising a step, called the "current variation measurement step," consisting of measuring the change in current produced by the reduction of sulfur dioxide present in its free forms in the liquid at an acidic pH (pHA) less than 1.8, during a potential sweep performed by voltammetry, using a measuring electrode disposed in the liquid and whose active surface in contact with the liquid comprises a metal or a metal alloy. Figure for abbreviation: no figure

The application discloses a preparation method of a flexible carbon paper / multitwin gold nanostructure surface Raman enhancement (SERS) substrate, which comprises the following steps: S1, a three-electrode system is built by taking dilute sulfuric acid as an electrolyte, gold nanorods as a counter electrode, Ag / AgCl as a reference electrode, and carbon paper as a working electrode; S2, gold on the counter electrode is deposited onto the surface of the working electrode by using a linear sweep voltammetry method to form a multitwin gold nanostructure; and S3, the working electrode on which the multitwin gold nanostructure is deposited is cleaned with ultrapure water, and after drying, a flexible carbon paper / multitwin gold nanostructure SERS substrate is obtained. The multitwin gold nanostructure with excellent SERS performance is generated by directly transferring gold from the gold nanorod counter electrode to the carbon paper working electrode through a direct electrotransfer method on the carbon paper, and is used as the SERS substrate.

The invention discloses a zinc-cadmium-lead-copper multi-element synchronous in-situ detection method based on square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry, which comprises the following steps: collecting a sample to be detected, filtering, adopting a microelectrode array as a working electrode, carrying out coating modification on the surface of the electrode, and covering a gel protection layer; a measurement system composed of the pretreated electrodes is placed in a sample to be measured, IT is operated to conduct electrode self-cleaning after standing, then IT is operated to achieve synchronous enrichment of multiple elements, the balance process is completed again through IT, SWASV is adopted to conduct enrichment dissolution scanning, and enriched scanning current is obtained; electrode self-cleaning is carried out, a balance process is completed through IT, and background dissolution scanning is carried out by adopting SWASV to obtain background scanning current; subtracting the enriched scanning current from the background scanning current to obtain a net volt-ampere current curve and a peak current value from which matrix interference is deducted; and establishing a linear relationship between a peak current value and the concentration by adopting a standard addition method, and realizing synchronous quantitative analysis of multiple elements through the linear relationship.

The present application relates to the technical field of electrochemical sensor, in particular to a kind of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on β-FeOOH nanoparticle and preparation method thereof.The preparation of the molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on β-FeOOH nanoparticle includes the following steps: step one, preparation of modified electrode: β-FeOOH nanoparticles are grown in situ on carbon cloth using hydrothermal method;Step two, add RC and CBD;Step three, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is polymerized using cyclic voltammetry, and the sensor MIP / β-FeOOH / CC is prepared.The electrode selected in the present application is carbon cloth electrode, which can provide more active sites for molecular imprinting;It is easy to obtain and low in price, and at the same time, it does not need to be polished, which simplifies the preparation process;When preparing, simple one-step hydrothermal method is used, and in repeatability and stability test, the relative standard deviation is less than 5%;The minimum detection limit is 0.025 nM, which can well meet the trace quantitative detection of carbendazim.

The application discloses a synthesis method of an electrochemically reconstructed boron-doped nickel phosphide nanomaterial and applies the boron-doped nickel phosphide nanomaterial to water electrolysis hydrogen evolution under alkaline conditions, and excellent catalytic performance is obtained. The application mainly dopes boron elements in a precursor Ni(OH)2, generates Ni5P4-B through phosphorization treatment, and then forms Ni3(BO3)2 / Ni5P4 through electrochemical reconstruction. After preliminary hydrothermal synthesis of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets, the precursor with the nanosheets is suspended in ice water, and ice water solutions of different concentrations of NaBH4 are dropped to prepare boron-doped Ni(OH)2. The boron-doped Ni(OH)2 precursor is heated and phosphorized in a tube furnace, the sample after phosphorization is fully activated through electrochemical cyclic voltammetry, and a heterostructure Ni3(BO3)2 / Ni5P4 is obtained. The heterostructure Ni3(BO3)2 / Ni5P4 exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity under alkaline conditions.

This invention discloses a method for preparing mesoporous amorphous alloy thin films, relating to the field of metal thin film technology. The method includes: mixing a diblock polymer, an organic solvent, water, and a metal salt precursor to obtain a mixed solution containing polymer micelles; adding a boron-containing reducing agent to the mixed solution to obtain an electrolyte; using a conductive substrate as the working electrode, performing linear voltammetry scanning in the electrolyte using a three-electrode system to obtain an initial deposition layer; placing the initial deposition layer in the electrolyte and allowing it to stand, then performing autocatalytic chemical deposition under a protective gas to obtain an initial alloy thin film; and immersing the initial alloy thin film in an organic solvent to obtain a mesoporous amorphous alloy thin film. This invention utilizes the high efficiency of electroreduction and the controllability of chemical reduction through an electrodeposition-induced autocatalytic process, achieving controllable synthesis of mesoporous amorphous alloy thin films with uniform pore size and consistent three-dimensional porosity.

The invention relates to immunological-based biosensor chip systems, devices, kits and diagnostic methods for detection, quantification and / or monitoring of at least one target compound, specifically, at least one small molecule compound, specifically, cyanotoxins in a sample. The present disclosure relates to a biosensor chip system usable for identifying and / or quantifying and / or monitoring at least one target in a sample. More specifically, the system comprises at least one of: at least one first and at least one second chip devices. It should be noted that the first chip device comprises a first plurality of electrodes connectable to at least one electronic device. It should be further noted that the first plurality of electrodes is configured for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis of the sample. The second chip device comprises a second plurality of electrodes connectable to at least one electronic device. The second plurality of electrodes is configured for electrochemical voltammetry or amperometry analysis of said sample.

A device, such as a medical device, including a portion, such as an implantable portion of the medical device, which portion includes at least one electrode, wherein the portion, which can be an implantable portion, is configured to, while located in a human, obtain data indicative of a state of a metal-electrolyte interface of the at least one electrode.