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The invention relates to a preparation method of a polycrystal SAPO-53 molecular sieve, and the preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding hexamethonium bromide and alkali metal hydroxides to an organic solvent which contains a sedimentation promotor for ion exchange; filtering to remove sediments, and evaporating the organic solvent to obtain template agent hexane diammonium hydroxide; adding a silicon source, an aluminum source, a phosphorus source and the hexane diammonium hydroxide to water according to the mole ratio of SiO2:Al2O3:P2O5:R(OH)2:H2O=(0.1-15):1:(0.8-20):(0.3-25):(10-80), and stirring to form uniform gel; statically crystallizing at autogenous pressure inside a reaction kettle at 130-190 DEG C for 1-4 days; and filtering, washing and drying to obtain white SAPO-53 molecular sieve solid powder. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplicity, easiness for operation and small usage amount of the template agent, greatly shortens the crystallization time, reduces the synthesis difficulty and production cost of a molecular sieve and can meet the particular requirement of different application occasions on the molecular sieve by controlling the appearance and particle diameter of a crystal by changing a reaction condition.