The invention provides a high-barrier high-strength ultrathin full-biodegradable mulching film and a preparation method. The mulching film is prepared from polyadipic acid-butylene terephthalate as amain body material, and is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 60-99.7 parts of the main body material, 0.1-30 parts of a barrier property enhancing agent, 0.1-3 parts of a tearing resistance enhancing agent, 0.1-5 parts of a lubricant, 0-2 parts of a light stabilizer, 0-2 parts of an antioxidant and 0-5 parts of a color master batch, wherein the tearing resistance enhancingagent is selected from one or more of polyphosphates, diisopropylbenzene peroxide, an ADR chain extender, KH560, KH570, urea, carbonate, bicarbonate, ammonium salt, an organic amine compound, anhydride and calcium stearate; and the barrier property enhancing agent is an organic barrier property enhancing agent, an inorganic barrier property enhancing agent or a compound of the organic barrier property enhancing agent and the inorganic barrier property enhancing agent. The full-biodegradable agricultural mulching film provided by the invention achieves high tearing strength and high barrier performance with low cost, has the value of large-scale popularization and has great marketization significances.