The invention provides a battery or capacitor packaging housing, which comprises a housing body, a cover plate (including a simple cover plate and a combined cover plate) welded at two ends of the housing body, and an explosion-proof injection and suction device, wherein the housing is mainly made of aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy material. A plurality of post holes are formed on the combined cover plate; positive and negative posts of the battery or capacitor penetrate through the post holes; positive and negative electrode plates of the battery or capacitor are connected with the respective posts by screw-fastening, riveting or welding; a base of the explosion-proof injection and suction device can be arranged on the cover plate or on the housing body, and can be integrated with the cover plate or the housing body or connected with the cover plate or the housing body in other manners (such as wielding); an explosion-proof kernel of the explosion-proof injection and suction device can be disassembled and replaced repeatedly; and the explosion-proof injection and suction device can prevent the occurrence of harmful explosion caused by overlarge pressure in the battery or capacitor, and also can be used as a channel for taking or placing materials in the product fabrication or maintenance; and wire thread inserts can be mounted on one or more parts of the housing, where threads are arranged. The material of the battery or capacitor packaging housing has the excellent performances, such as high weldability, light weight, high strength, high corrosion resistance, and high resistance to extreme temperatures. The battery or capacitor packaging housing has better performance than the existing similar housing, and is more suitable for the large-size energy storage elements and mobile elements in the new energy industry and new energy vehicle industry. Accordingly, the battery or capacitor packaging housing has important application value.