The invention relates to the technical field of cooling fans, and discloses a variable frequency motor cooling fan capable of preventing motor burnout. The variable frequency motor cooling fan comprises a shell, a support column, a mounting block, fan blades and a protection assembly; the inner wall of the shell is fixedly connected with the support column; the outer wall of the mounting block is fixedly connected with the support column; the right side of the mounting block is movably connected with the protection assembly; and the fan blades are movably connected with the right side of the protection assembly. According to the variable frequency motor cooling fan capable of preventing motor burnout and a method provided by the invention, when a driving motor normally stops running and gradually decelerates until the driving motor stops running, an output shaft of the driving motor rotates reversely to enable a ball to enter a chute from an annular groove, so that an inner column moves leftwards, and a convex block is separated from a special-shaped block, therefore, the driving motor is protected, when the fan blades are blocked, an inner rod is blocked, at the moment, a connecting sleeve still bears rotating force from the driving motor, then the connecting sleeve overcomes the acting force of a jacking spring and continues to rotate, and the driving motor is prevented from being overloaded and burnt due to the fact that the fan blades are blocked.