2707 results about "Work time" patented technology

To predict the working time of sorting work for taking out merchandise and sorting it for each shipping destination.SOLUTION: The prediction device 100 includes a prediction unit 113 that predicts a work time of sorting work, which is work of taking out and sorting articles from a storage that stores the articles, based on a plurality of orders related to the articles (commodities), and calculates the work time as a predicted work time. The prediction unit 113 calculates the predicted working time based on the input information including the type of article to be taken out from the storage, the number of articles to be taken out from the storage, and the number of articles included in each order. The storage may be a storage shelf that the transport robot carries to a work place of the sorting work. The item may be transported along a predetermined path to a work location of a sorting operation. Further, a worker who performs the sorting work may move to a place where the storage is placed and perform the sorting work.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

The invention discloses a thermal error prediction method for a spindle system of a high-speed precision machine tool under an inclined working condition, and develops a comprehensive thermal error compensation method for the spindle system of the high-speed precision machine tool running under the inclined working condition by utilizing error mechanism analysis. The thermal error is modeled as an exponential function which depends on the steady-state thermal error, the time constant of the thermal error balance process and the working time, derivation of the exponential function is supported by error mechanism analysis, and the exponential function is used for accurately identifying the time constant of the steady-state thermal error and the time constant of the thermal error balance process through thermal-structural interaction. Influences of inclined working conditions are incorporated into a quasi-static mechanical model of the bearing, and the problems of bearing heating and changes of axial and radial rigidity are solved. The invention further discloses a thermal error compensation system.

The invention relates to the technical field of strapping machines, in particular to a strapping machine and a strapping structure thereof.The strapping machine comprises a rack and a conveying belt, the conveying belt and the strapping structure are both located on the rack, the strapping structure comprises a belt conveying box and a strapping ring, the strapping ring is located at the upper end of the belt conveying box, an adjusting assembly is arranged on the strapping ring, and the adjusting assembly can adjust the size of the strapping ring; compared with the prior art that the size of the binding ring cannot be changed, the size of the binding ring is close to the size of the material, the binding ring can bind the binding band with the proper length to the material, and therefore the situation that the tightening device tightens the too long binding band is avoided, the working time of the collecting device is shortened, and the overall binding efficiency can be improved; and the adjusting assembly can control the distance between the materials and the inner ring of the bundling ring to be always kept within a proper range.

The invention discloses a rocket-boosted warplane ultra-short-distance launching take-off system and method. The system comprises a chassis, a high-precision track, a hydraulic lifting mechanism and a rocket sled. The rear end of the high-precision track is connected with the top of the chassis in a vertically swinging mode, the front end of the high-precision track is driven by a hydraulic lifting mechanism to ascend and descend, and the rear portion of the high-precision track is provided with a check block. The bottom of the rocket sled is provided with a sliding block used for being in sliding fit with the high-precision track. The mounting interface is used for being connected with a warplane undercarriage through an electronic lock, and the electronic lock is used for timing when a rocket engine is started, unlocking when the rocket engine reaches the working time and sending a separation success signal after being separated from a warplane. Small-overload ultra-short-distance take-off of the fighter is achieved, the volume of ground take-off facilities of the fighter is effectively reduced, the requirement for ground conditions is lowered, the flexibility and convenience of deployment are effectively improved, and the structure or a power system of the fighter is not greatly changed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cable winding, and particularly relates to automatic winding equipment and a method thereof.The automatic winding equipment comprises a workbench, the upper surface of the workbench is fixedly connected with two supporting plates, one side of one supporting plate is fixedly connected with a first motor, the output end of the first motor is connected with a fixing roller in a clamped mode, and the output end of the fixing roller is connected with a second motor in a clamped mode; a fixing assembly is arranged on the upper surfaces of the two supporting plates, the fixing assembly comprises a top plate fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two supporting plates, two first guide rails are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate, first guide blocks are slidably connected into the two first guide rails, and a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of each first guide block; and the sides, close to each other, of the two fixing rods are fixedly connected with cutters, and through the structures of the clamping assembly, the glue dripping assembly and the like, the problems that due to the fact that the cut-off end of a cable needs to be independently fixed every time, the time consumed in the fixing and disassembling process is long, a large amount of working time is wasted, and the winding efficiency is low are solved.

A production schedule estimation method and a production schedule estimation system are provided. The production schedule estimation method includes the following steps. Current-day work-in-process data, machine group cycle time data of a machine group, and productivity data of the machine group are obtained. The current-day work-in-process data, the cycle time data of the machine group, and the productivity data of the machine group are inputted into a prediction model. Current-day cycle time data and a current-day move volume for each of multiple stations in the machine group are calculated through the prediction model. And, current-day move data is calculated according to the current-day cycle time data and the current-day move volume for each of the multiple stations in the machine group.

The invention discloses a multi-rotating-speed flexible job shop scheduling method applied to double-resource constraint, and the method comprises the steps: taking the maximum completion time and minimum total energy consumption of a minimum machine as target functions, and constructing a flexible job shop scheduling model considering the rotating speed energy consumption of the machine and the production demands of a fine process; a machine speed gear constraint, a fine process constraint, a process sequence constraint, a completion time constraint, a machine processing constraint and a worker operation constraint are established as constraint conditions of the model; the flexible job shop scheduling problem is solved by adopting an improved artificial bee colony algorithm, bee colony search guided by excellent genes is adopted in bee learning operation in the improved artificial bee colony algorithm, and nectar source optimization is carried out based on the searched excellent genes; the following bee operation adopts a neighborhood structure which considers machine speed change and balances the working time of workers to carry out dynamic neighborhood search so as to optimize a nectar source. The effectiveness of the improved strategy is verified through experiments, and the superiority is verified through comparison of different algorithms on expansion standard examples.

The invention relates to the field of welding equipment, and discloses automatic welding equipment for aluminum wire harnesses, by arranging a welding room, the welding room can still weld and cool other welding parts in the process that workers take the welding parts, the working time is greatly shortened, the working efficiency is improved, meanwhile, a welding fume purifier is provided with various templates, and the welding fume purifier is more convenient to use. According to the welding machine, the terminals in various shapes can be matched and fixedly welded, the thickness of the terminals can be detected through the arranged clamping assembly, meanwhile, the welding strength of the wire harness and the terminals is improved, the welding duration and the welding power of the welding machine can be accurately adjusted by detecting the thickness of the terminals, the welding quality of the welding machine is improved, and the welding efficiency is improved. And the arranged detection mechanism can improve the welding quality of the wire harness and the terminal, prevent the wire harness and the terminal from being in an inclined state, improve the welding firmness, prevent the wire harness and the terminal from being mutually rubbed and damaged during later use, and meanwhile, firmly detect the welded wire harness and the welded terminal.

The invention relates to a ship spare part reliability evaluation method based on failure-free interval time failure data, which comprises the following steps: determining ship spare part field use data D at a failure-free interval time as (Ti, si, ri), Ti being the working time of equipment in an ith task, si being the number of parts installed by the equipment, ri being the total failure frequency of the equipment in the ith task, i being equal to 1, 2,..., n; obtaining a likelihood function Lp (lambda) of the failure rate lambda based on the ship spare part field use data D and the Poisson distribution principle; determining prior distribution of the failure rate lambda; the priori distribution is weighted to obtain a weighted comprehensive priori distribution type pi < s > (lambda), the weighted comprehensive priori distribution type pi < s > (lambda) is combined with a likelihood function Lp (lambda), a Bayesian formula is utilized to obtain posterior distribution of the failure rate lambda, and ship spare part reliability evaluation is carried out based on the posterior distribution of the failure rate lambda; fault-free interval time failure data in field use information is effectively utilized, and a proper likelihood function is constructed according to the characteristics of the fault-free interval time failure data to carry out Bayesian reliability evaluation on the ship spare parts.

The invention discloses an air compressor control method and device, a controller and a storage medium. According to the specific implementation scheme, the method comprises the steps that under the condition that the internal pressure of the air compressor meets the use requirement of the vehicle, a temperature signal, working time and the rotating speed of the air compressor corresponding to the air compressor are determined; inputting the temperature signal, the working time and the rotating speed of the air compressor into a water content model to obtain the water content of the engine oil of the air compressor; and according to the water content of the engine oil of the air compressor, the operation state of the air compressor is controlled. The temperature signal, the working time and the rotating speed of the air compressor are input into the water content model, the water content of the engine oil of the air compressor is calculated, the water content of the engine oil of the air compressor is monitored in real time, the running state of the air compressor is controlled through the water content of the engine oil of the air compressor, and the problem that the water content of the engine oil of the air compressor cannot be actively controlled in the prior art is solved. The problem of engine oil emulsification in the operation process of the air compressor is solved, and resource waste is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of brazing equipment, in particular to welding equipment for automobile supercharger oil pipe machining. Comprising a machine body, a welding gun connected with the machine body is arranged above the machine body, and a mounting frame is mounted at the upper end of the machine body; through cooperation of a clamping plate and a clamping block, in the process that an electric push rod pushes the clamping block through the clamping plate to clamp an oil pipe, the clamping block making contact with the oil pipe is blocked by the oil pipe and extrudes a connecting spring to be close to the clamping plate, and the extruded connecting spring exerts pressure on a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor can detect the clamping force applied to the oil pipe by the clamping block, so that an operator can conveniently and accurately adjust the clamping force of the oil pipe according to a pressure value transmitted to detection equipment by the pressure sensor, the stability of the oil pipe is ensured, meanwhile, the damage to the pipe body of the oil pipe due to the too large clamping force is avoided, and the working efficiency is improved. And a lot of time is not needed to repeatedly try, so that the working time is saved, and the working efficiency and the production progress are improved.

The invention discloses a mistake proofing tool for valve block positioning welding, and relates to the technical field of welding equipment manufacturing, the mistake proofing tool comprises a workbench, the top of the workbench is fixedly connected with a controller, the top of the workbench is fixedly connected with a welding box, the top of the welding box is provided with a welding device, the top of the workbench is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod, and the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a motor. One end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a sliding table, the bottom of the sliding table is slidably connected with a sliding seat, the bottom of the sliding seat is fixedly connected with the top of the workbench, and a clamping mechanism is arranged at the top of the sliding table. According to the valve block welding device, welding work of wide and many welding points distributed on the outer wall of a valve block is facilitated, and the problems that when conventional floor type clamping welding is conducted on the valve block, when different faces of the valve block need to be welded and clamped for multiple times, working time is long, efficiency is low, and the valve block deforms due to the fact that the valve block is clamped for multiple times are solved.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of gear machining, and particularly relates to a gear chamfering device which comprises a supporting shell, a driving shaft and a hydraulic telescopic rod, the inner wall of the supporting shell is rotatably connected with a rotating column, the side wall of the rotating column is slidably connected with a plurality of supporting carrying plates, the inner walls of the supporting carrying plates are rotatably connected with connecting shafts, and the connecting shafts are connected with the hydraulic telescopic rod. The top end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with a bevel gear, the bottom end of the connecting shaft is provided with a conical meshing tooth groove, and the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is rotationally connected with a rotary pressing disc; the connecting shaft located on the outer side of the supporting shell is in the non-working state, so that a worker or a mechanical arm can replace the connecting shaft in the non-working state, and when a next gear is chamfered, the next gear can reach a machining area to be chamfered only by controlling the rotating column to rotate; the actual working time of the cutting tool of the chamfering machine is prolonged, the working pause interval time is shortened, and therefore the machining efficiency of the chamfering machine is improved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of cutting equipment and discloses cutting equipment for diamond machining, which comprises a machining frame, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the middle of the top end of the machining frame, sliding grooves are formed in the front side and the rear side of the top end of the mounting frame, and a two-way screw is rotatably connected to the middle of the inner side of the mounting frame. Moving plates are in threaded connection with the left side and the right side of the bidirectional screw rod, a first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rear end of the left side of the right moving plate, a second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the front end of the right side of the left moving plate, and pushing rods are rotationally connected to the middles of the outer sides of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod; and the other ends of the two push rods are rotationally connected with a rotating disc. According to the diamond cutting device, the rotation angle of the fixed diamond can be conveniently adjusted, the flexibility and convenience of the cutting device are improved, the working time is saved, the working efficiency is improved, the workload of workers is reduced, and therefore the phenomenon that the work progress is delayed is reduced.

The utility model discloses a telescopic device for a crawler-type self-moving tail system, which is positioned between tail traction equipment and a standard middle part and is used for stretching when the tail traction equipment moves forwards, and then the telescopic device is manually retracted forwards so as to form a gap between the telescopic device and the standard middle part. A middle belt frame is additionally arranged at the gap, so that the middle belt frame and the standard middle part are in butt joint with each other and are matched to continuously transport the coal; the continuous tunneling device is directly connected with tail traction equipment, continuous tunneling without shutdown is achieved by means of continuous extension of the multiple sections of telescopic units, the device is retracted after one work cycle is overhauled, the working time is greatly saved, and the tunneling efficiency is improved.

An electric work vehicle includes an electric power source; an electric motor; a work component powered by the electric power source during the power-consuming state; a work component subsystem operating the work component and powered by the electric power source; a thermal management system including a thermal device for affecting the temperature range of the work component subsystem; and a controller. The controller receives a predictive condition value indicative of an environmental condition of the work location at the work time, the predictive condition value being received preceding the work time; based on the predictive condition value, sets an operational state of the thermal device; and operates the thermal device at the operational state set according to the predictive condition value to precondition the work component subsystem prior to work time to reduce power demands on the electric power source during the power-consuming state.

The invention discloses a turbine service life prediction method, system and device and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of engines, and the method comprises the steps: fitting a stress spectrum according to the actual working rotating speed spectrum of a turbine and the relation between the rotating speed and the stress; calculating the total fatigue damage at the blade root of the turbine blade after the target working duration based on the stress spectrum; calculating the total creep damage at the blade root of the turbine blade after the target working duration based on the stress spectrum, the rotating speed spectrum of actual operation and the temperature spectrum; and predicting the comprehensive life of the turbine according to the total fatigue damage and the total creep damage. According to the method, the fatigue creep comprehensive life prediction method under the given actual road spectrum is constructed, the working life of the supercharger turbine can be predicted more accurately by comprehensively considering various influence factors of the turbine under the actual working condition, and therefore the performance and safety of the turbine are improved, and stable operation of the turbine is guaranteed.

The utility model relates to the field of hot stamping equipment, and discloses a plastic product hot stamping device which comprises a machining table, a hot stamping machine body, a hot stamping head and a hot stamping template, supporting legs are fixedly mounted at the four corners of the bottom of the machining table, a mounting hole is formed in the top of the machining table, and a vertical shaft is rotationally mounted in the mounting hole through a bearing; the two ends of the vertical shaft extend out of the mounting holes, a U-shaped plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the machining table, a motor is fixedly installed in the U-shaped plate, the output shaft end of the motor is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the vertical shaft, and a disc is fixedly installed at the top of the vertical shaft. The device has the following advantages and effects that automatic feeding of the plastic plates can be controlled, namely, the plastic plates can be automatically pushed into the U-shaped positioning frame, automatic discharging of the plastic plates subjected to hot stamping machining can be controlled, namely, the plastic plates subjected to hot stamping machining can be automatically pushed out of the U-shaped positioning frame, operation is easy and convenient, the manual labor amount and working time are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The working efficiency is improved.

The invention provides an AI-based shipbuilding man-hour unification method and system, a medium and a terminal, and the method comprises the steps: data collection and preprocessing, feature extraction, clustering algorithm application, model generation and the like. Three-dimensional model data and attribute information of ship parts of design end production design modeling are analyzed, an unsupervised learning algorithm is used for automatic classification, the parts with similar characteristics are classified into one class, and the average working hours of the parts of the same class are statistically analyzed in combination with currently recorded part working hour information. Part working hours of similar categories are unified into one datum, part categories in actual construction working hour management are reduced, working hour data are standardized, and field production is guided.

The invention relates to a high-speed railway cement emulsified asphalt mortar mix proportion design method and system. The method comprises the following steps that design factors of cement emulsified asphalt mortar to be designed are input into a design model; the design factors comprise raw material types, usage and layout environment parameters; predicting and outputting a performance index corresponding to the to-be-designed cement emulsified asphalt mortar through the design model; the performance indexes comprise fluidity, expansion degree, working time, compressive strength, elasticity modulus and fatigue life; according to the performance indexes, the design factors of the cement emulsified asphalt mortar to be designed are adjusted and input into the design model, and the performance indexes corresponding to the adjusted design factors are obtained; and repeating the step of inputting and adjusting for multiple times until the optimal design factor meeting the performance requirement is obtained and output. The system and the equipment are used for executing the method. The method has the advantages of high design efficiency, short period, low cost and high accuracy.

The invention discloses an automatic auditing method and system for building concession, which can quickly receive, detect and process a to-be-audited drawing through an automatic process, greatly shorten the time required by manual auditing, automatically calculate the building concession distance and compare, reduce the steps of manual operation, accelerate the auditing speed and improve the auditing efficiency. Detection is carried out based on preset layer attribute requirements, consistency and accuracy of drawing information are ensured, calculation errors or judgment deviations possibly occurring in manual auditing are avoided through accurate calculation and comparison, the automatic auditing process is clear and definite, each step has a definite judgment standard and an output result, and when the drawing does not meet the requirements, the automatic auditing process does not meet the requirements. And a detailed problem list is output, so that an applicant can clearly know specific positions and reasons which do not conform to specifications, the dependence on manual auditing personnel is reduced through automatic auditing, the labor cost is reduced, 24-hour uninterrupted operation can be realized, the working efficiency is improved, and the working time and the number of personnel required by manual auditing are reduced.

The utility model discloses a dough piece sub-machine convenient to quantitatively divide dough, which belongs to the technical field of dough piece sub-machines and comprises a working box, a top plate is connected to the top of the working box, a fixing plate is mounted at the top of the top plate through a plurality of bolts, an extrusion mechanism is arranged at the top of the fixing plate, and a dough hopper is mounted at the top of the extrusion mechanism. A cover plate is mounted at the top of the flour hopper, an extrusion pipeline is mounted at the bottom of one side of the extrusion mechanism, an adjusting assembly is arranged on the outer side of the extrusion pipeline, and an abutting plate is connected to the bottom of the adjusting assembly. According to the utility model, the cutting and cleaning device is arranged to cut the fallen dough pieces, and in the return process, the dough cutter moves to drive the groove and the scraping plate, so that the bottom of the abutting plate is cleaned, the problem of blockage caused by adhesion of the bottom of the extrusion hole is prevented, and the dough pieces can be cut by the dough cutter while the dough pieces are not influenced. A user can conveniently clean the bottom discharge port in time, the working time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer fertilization ditching depth regulation and control device and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of liquid fertilizer deep fertilizer.The organic fertilizer fertilization ditching depth regulation and control device comprises a rack, a stirring assembly, a driving assembly, a ditching depth regulation and control assembly, a depth measuring assembly and a fertilization assembly.The top of the rack is provided with a liquid fertilizer box, and the stirring assembly is arranged in the liquid fertilizer box; a ditching depth regulating assembly is arranged at the bottom of the machine frame and is formed by sequentially arranging and combining four ditching wheels, a driving assembly is arranged on the side wall of the machine frame, when the machine frame is pushed for ditching, the ditching wheels are driven to rotate for ditching by starting the stirring assembly, and the driving assembly and the ditching depth regulating assembly are connected, so that the ditching depth is adjusted. The furrowing device can push the rearmost furrowing wheel to move back and forth, drive the forefront furrowing wheel to move up and down and adjust the overall angle of the four furrowing wheels, and by observing the position of the lifting block on the side wall of the scale plate at the top of the rack, the furrowing depth can be directly and accurately regulated and controlled in the furrowing process, shutdown operation is not needed, the working time is saved, and the furrowing efficiency is improved. And the ditching efficiency is improved.

The utility model discloses an energy-saving structure of a shakeout cooling roller, which comprises a bottom plate, a support is welded on the top of the bottom plate, an outer cylinder is welded on the top of the support, the inner wall of the outer cylinder is rotatably connected with an inner cylinder through a sealing bearing, a fan is arranged on one side of the inner cylinder, a gear is arranged on one side of the inner cylinder, and a motor is arranged on the gear. A drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder; and the energy-saving structure of the shakeout cooling roller further comprises a water sprinkling device. The utility model relates to the technical field of roller shakeout machines, in particular to an energy-saving structure of a shakeout cooling roller, which can recycle and recycle water resources while spraying water for cooling through the matching of an outer barrel, an inner barrel, a fan and a water spraying device, so that the utilization rate of the water resources can be improved, meanwhile, the water spraying workload can be increased, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. Therefore, the casting can be quickly cooled, the working efficiency is further improved, and the working time of the roller is shortened due to the fact that the working time is shortened.

A non-beveling feed mining method specifically comprises the following steps that (1) auxiliary working faces are arranged at the two ends of a main working face in advance, and single-drum coal mining machines, auxiliary scraper conveyors and hydraulic supports are arranged on the auxiliary working faces; (2) pre-opening pits of the secondary working surfaces at the two ends and normal pushing and mining of the main working surface are performed simultaneously; wherein the single-drum coal mining machine starts a pit on the auxiliary working face, and a hydraulic support of the auxiliary working face follows a pulling frame and is pushed to slide; the double-drum coal mining machine cuts coal on the main working face, the hydraulic support of the main working face follows the pulling frame and is pushed to slide, and when the double-drum coal mining machine runs to enter the machine nests in the two ends, the double-drum coal mining machine returns a cutter and directly and vertically feeds the cutter to cut the coal wall to achieve pushing mining of the main working face. The method does not need conventional beveling feeding and then back-and-forth coal cutting, realizes simultaneous operation of pre-opening machine nests at the two ends of the fully mechanized coal mining face and normal pushing mining of the middle section, greatly improves mining efficiency, is beneficial to reducing the arrangement number of the working faces, reduces the labor time of workers, and increases the economic benefits of enterprises.

The utility model relates to the technical field of presswork packaging, and discloses a presswork packaging and conveying table which comprises a presswork stacking table, a conveying table is fixedly connected to the outer side of the presswork stacking table, a packaging table is fixedly connected to the end, away from the presswork stacking table, of the conveying table, and a packaging line roller penetrates through and is rotationally connected to the top end of the packaging table. A limiting column is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of the packaging table, a movable rod is slidably connected into the limiting column, a first spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable rod, the end, away from the movable rod, of the first spring is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of the limiting column, and a bearing platform is fixedly connected to the top end of the movable rod. Through the design of a bearing platform, a rack, a gear, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a driven rod, printed matter needing to be packaged can be rapidly packaged in the using process, then the working time of workers is saved, the working efficiency is greatly improved, and the practicability of the device is improved.

To improve accuracy of path finding.SOLUTION: A delivery planning apparatus includes an acquisition unit and an optimization unit. The acquisition unit acquires, as parameter information, the number of transportation media, the number of demand points, the number of staff members who ride on the transportation media, and maximum continuous work time indicating lengths of time in which the staff members can continuously perform activities. The optimization unit simultaneously optimizes paths of the transportation media with respect to the demand points, and allocation of the staff members with respect to the transportation media, by Branch and Bound using the parameter information.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

To provide a work record verification device capable of accurately verifying a work record of a person to be managed.SOLUTION: The work record verification device comprises: an image acquisition unit which acquires frames constituting moving image data in which a management object floor where a person to be managed is working is captured; an identification unit which identifies the person to be managed who corresponds to a person included in a partial image extracted from the acquired frames and a behavior of the person included in the partial image; a work data acquisition unit which acquires work data including a working start time and a working end time declared by the identified person to be managed; a verification unit which verifies a working state of the person to be managed in accordance with difference between actual work hours specified in accordance with the identified behavior of the person to be managed and declared work hours specified by the declared work data and generates verification information including a verification result relating to the working state of the person to be managed; and an output unit which outputs the generated verification information including the verification result relating to the working state of the person to be managed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1