9448results about "Exhaust treatment electric control" patented technology

A method and system may be provided to perform a process for controlling NO_x emissions of an target engine. In one embodiment of the invention, the process may include determining predicted NO_x values based on a model reflecting a predetermined relationship between control parameters and NO_x emissions, wherein the control parameters include ambient humidity, manifold pressure, manifold temperature, fuel rate, and engine speed associated with the engine. Further, the process may include adjusting the model based on a determination of whether the predicted NO_x values meet a predetermined criteria associated with actual NO_x values. The adjusted model may be stored in a memory associated with the engine whereby NO_x emissions exhausted from the engine may be reduced based on virtual NO_x emission values determined from the adjusted model.

A method is presented for estimating an amount of ammonia stored in a urea-based SCR catalyst based on a dynamic model of the catalyst. The model takes into account chemical and physical properties of the catalyst, such as catalyst volume, the number of available ammonia storage cites, adsorption and desorption dynamics, as well as sulfur poisoning, thermal aging, and different catalyst operating temperatures, and generates the estimate based on a measured or estimated amount of NOx in an exhaust gas mixture upstream of the catalyst, an amount of reductant injected into the catalyst to facilitate NOx reduction, and on a measured value of NOx in an exhaust gas mixture downstream of the catalyst. The estimated ammonia storage amount is then used to control the amount of reductant injected into the catalyst to maintain desired ammonia storage amount such that maximum NOx conversion efficiency coupled with minimum ammonia slip are achieved.

A method of determining the amount of particulate accumulated in a particulate filter, is based on determining possible variations in the spatial distribution and/or physical-chemical properties of the particulate as a function of engine operating conditions and past particulate accumulation in the particulate filter. A number of reference values defining a relationship between the amount of particulate accumulated in the particulate filter and the pressure drop across the particulate filter are mapped, each of the reference values relating to a respective steady engine operating condition in which particulate is accumulated in the particulate filter. In a given engine operating condition, an operating value of the parameter is then determined as a function of the reference value of the parameter relative to the same steady engine operating condition, and of past particulate accumulation in the particulate filter.

A system and method for regenerating particulate filters, catalyzed soot filters and NOx catalysts for a vehicle having a compression ignition engine. An engine control module controls engine operation and regeneration functions. The engine preferably includes an integrated starter/alternator/flywheel/retarder assembly. A load bank heater is provided in the exhaust system that is activated to directly heat exhaust gases raising the temperature thereof and approaching the temperatures required for regeneration and desulfation. Activation of the heater applies a load through the integrated starter/alternator/flywheel/retarder assembly that increases the load on the engine and in turn further increases the temperature of the exhaust to levels required for regeneration and desulfation.

A method and apparatus to reduce the emissions of an exhaust stream is provided. One feature of the present invention includes a control unit for metering a reagent into the exhaust stream. The control unit adjusts a quantity of the reagent to be metered into the exhaust stream. One embodiment of the present invention concerns a method of removing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases from a diesel engine by introducing ammonia into the exhaust stream. This Abstract is provided for the sole purpose of complying with the Abstract requirement rules that allow a reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure contained herein. This Abstract is submitted with the explicit understanding that it will not be used to interpret or to limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

A system for diagnosing the quality of a reagent solution may comprise a reagent solution source for supplying the reagent solution to an emissions catalyst of an internal combustion engine. Means may be provided for determining a quality value corresponding to the quality of the reagent solution. A first filter may receive the quality value and produce a first filtered quality value, and a first comparator may compare the filtered quality value to a threshold and produce a fault value if the first filtered quality value crosses the threshold. Alternatively or additionally, a second filter may receive the quality value and produce a second filtered quality value. A second comparator may compare a difference between the first and second filtered quality values to another threshold and produce another fault value if the difference crosses that threshold.

In one embodiment, a reductant system comprises: a high pressure reductant pump in operable communication with a power source, wherein the reductant pump comprises a reductant chamber and is capable of pressurizing reductant to a pressure of greater than or equal to 500 psi; a reductant reservoir in fluid communication with the reductant chamber; and an atomizer in fluid communication the reductant chamber. In another embodiment, the reductant system comprises: a reductant pump; system pump in operable communication the reductant pump, a reductant reservoir in fluid communication with the reductant chamber, and an atomizer in fluid communication the reductant chamber. The system pump is configured to provide motive power via a pressurized fluid to the reductant pump, and the system pump is fluidly isolated from a reductant chamber in the reductant pump.

An engine exhaust gas cleaning method and system, which can effectively reduce emission amounts of particular components, such as NOx, contained in exhaust gas by adding an additive, such as urea water or light oil, into an exhaust passage, which is adaptable for a reduction of the cleaning rate caused by deterioration of a catalyst, which can always maintain a high cleaning rate during acceleration and deceleration as well, and which can minimize environmental pollution with use of the additive in the least necessary amount. The engine exhaust gas cleaning system comprises a catalyst for removing a particular component, represented by NOx, contained in exhaust gas of an engine, an additive adding unit for adding, to the exhaust gas, an additive for reducing the particular component represented by NOx, and an EGR amount adjusting unit for adjusting an EGR amount. An addition amount of the additive and the EGR amount are set depending on an operating state and deterioration of the catalyst with time. The catalyst is regenerated when a cleaning capability of the catalyst has reduced to a predetermined value or below.

An emission control system has a catalyst and a sensor responding to a component of exhaust gas. In order to speed warming up the catalyst, the emission control system increases the amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas. A diagnosis of the emission control system is carried out by determining whether the amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas is sufficient or insufficient. The amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas is represented by the length of time to an activated state of the sensor. In the diagnosis, the amount of heat generated by a heater provided in the sensor is taken into consideration. The diagnosis can also be carried out before and after the warming up the catalyst. The heater can also be deactivated. Detection of an abnormality of a secondary air control system can be based on a component of exhaust gas. If the amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas is found insufficient, additional control can be executed. The amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas can also be represented by an intake air volume and an air-fuel ratio.

In one embodiment, a system may include a gas turbine system. the gas turbine system includes a gas turbine, an after-treatment system that may receive exhaust gases from the gas turbine system, and a controller that may receive inputs and model operational behavior of an industrial plant based on the inputs. The industrial plant may include the gas turbine and the after-treatment system. The controller may also determine one or more operational parameter setpoints for the industrial plant, select the one or more operational parameter setpoints that reduce an output of a cost function, and apply the one or more operational parameter setpoints to control the industrial plant.

A diesel powered vehicle is provided with an SCR system which uses an external reducing reagent to convert NOx emissions in a manner which accounts for the effects of NOx transient emissions on the reducing catalyst. Actual NOx emissions produced by the engine are filtered using a variable NOx time constant in turn correlated to the reductant/NOx storage capacity of the reducing catalyst at its current temperature to account for changes in the SCR system attributed to NOx transient emissions. Catalyst temperature is filtered using a variable catalyst time constant corresponding to current space velocity of the exhaust gas to account for changes in the catalyst temperature attributed to NOx transient emissions. The reductant is metered on the basis of the filtered, corrected NOx concentration applied at a NSR ratio based, in turn, on the filtered, corrected reducing catalyst temperature.

The present invention provides methods and apparatus for injecting fluid, such as an aqueous urea solution, into an exhaust stream in order to reduce oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions from diesel engine exhaust The present invention uses mechanical spill return atomization techniques to produce droplets approximately 50 μm SMD (Sauter mean diameter) or smaller. This size range is appropriate to allow urea to react into ammonia within the residence time associated with an on-road diesel engine. This effect is achieved through the use of a whirl plate having a plurality of whirl slots surrounding an exit orifice of the injector, which produce a high velocity rotating flow in the whirl chamber. When the rotating flow of fluid is passed through the exit orifice into an exhaust stream, atomization occurs from a combination of centrifugal force and shearing of the fluid by air as it jets into the exhaust stream.

The invention provides a controller and cylinder deactivation system to regenerate an exhaust aftertreatment device for a multicylinder engine that operates primarily at an air/fuel ratio that is lean of stoichiometry. The invention uses the cylinder deactivation system to control temperature and air/fuel ratio of an exhaust gas feedstream going into an aftertreatment device. The invention also increases the amount of fuel delivered to each non-deactivated cylinder by an amount sufficient to maintain operating power of the engine. The regeneration action includes desorbing NOx from a NOx adsorber catalyst, desulfating the NOx adsorber catalyst, and purging a diesel particulate trap.

A method of dosing a reagent into an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine having an SCR catalyst, the method comprising injecting reagent from a reagent tank into the exhaust gas stream at a position upstream of the SCR catalyst using a reagent injector in accordance with a first dosing schedule in order to remediate a predetermined proportion of NOx in the exhaust gas stream, the first dosing schedule being associated with a first range of engine operating conditions; and injecting reagent from the reagent tank into the exhaust gas stream at a position upstream of the SCR catalyst using a reagent injector in accordance with a second dosing schedule in order to enable heat transfer between the reagent injector and said injected reagent, the second dosing schedule being associated with a second range of engine operating conditions.

Dosing in accordance with said first or said second dosing schedule is carried out in dependence on whether engine operating conditions lie within said first or said second range of engine operating conditions, and the proportion of NOx in the exhaust gas stream which is remediated by dosing using said second dosing schedule is less than said predetermined portion. A reagent dosing system is also provided for dosing a reagent into the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine, comprising a reagent tank for storing a supply of reagent, an injector module comprising an atomising dispenser and a positive-displacement metering pump which draws reagent from the reagent tank and delivers it to the dispenser a supply line coupling the reagent tank to the injector module, and a dosing control unit operable to control the injector module to inject reagent into the exhaust gas stream. A priming pump is provided to urge reagent along the supply line toward the injector module under selected conditions.

A method is presented for estimating an amount of ammonia stored in a urea-based SCR catalyst based on a dynamic model of the catalyst. The model takes into account chemical and physical properties of the catalyst, such as catalyst volume, the number of available ammonia storage cites, adsorption and desorption dynamics, as well as poisoning, thermal aging, and different catalyst operating temperatures, and generates the estimate based on a measured or estimated amount of NOx in an exhaust gas mixture upstream of the catalyst, an amount of reductant injected into the catalyst to facilitate NOx reduction, and on a measured value of NOx in an exhaust gas mixture downstream of the catalyst. The estimated ammonia storage amount is then used to control the amount of reductant injected into the catalyst to maintain desired ammonia storage amount such that maximum NOx conversion efficiency coupled with minimum ammonia slip are achieved.

A fuel control system for a gas turbine engine that includes a primary fuel circuit, a fuel tuning circuit, a plurality of combustors connected to the fuel tuning circuit, oxygen and carbon dioxide sensors in the exhaust stream and a feedback control loop operatively connected to the fuel tuning circuit and to the oxygen and carbon monoxide sensors which serve to control the precise amount of fuel and air being fed to each one of the plurality of combustors in the engine. A parallel array of control valves in a tuning fuel circuit connect to corresponding ones of the plurality of combustors in the gas turbine engine. The fuel control system thereby “fine tunes” the amount of fuel and air being fed to each combustor using data regarding the detected oxygen and carbon monoxide concentrations in the exhaust gas as provided through a feedback control loop.

Method for activation of the regeneration of a particulate filter for a motor vehicle engine, comprising the steps of calculating an estimated value (x_M) of a quantity of particulate accumulated in the particulate filter; comparing (8) the estimated value (x_M) with a threshold value (m_TH) corresponding to a predetermined maximum quantity of particulate; and activating the regeneration (9) if the estimated value (x_M) exceeds the threshold value (m_TH). The step of calculating an estimated value (x_M) comprises the steps of estimating a first quantity of particulate (x_MS) accumulated in the particulate filter by means of a statistical model (3) based on experimental data; estimating a second quantity of particulate (x_MF) accumulated in the particulate filter by means of a physical model (2) using physical quantities measured; determining a field of admissibility on the basis of the first quantity of particulate (x_MS); comparing the estimated value (x_M) with the second quantity of particulate (x_MF) if the second quantity of particulate (x_MF) is within the field of admissibility; and limiting the estimated value (x_M) if the second quantity of particulate (x_MF) is outside the field of admissibility.

For improving driver's awareness about emissions and promoting environmental protection, an emission amount notifying device is provided. When such a taxation system becomes effective that a tax is imposed in accordance with an amount of one or more kinds of harmful substances, which include a carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides and hydrocarbons emitted from a vehicle, a sensor determines the emission amounts of respective harmful substances, and a CPU obtains the amount of tax corresponding to the determined emission amounts from a ROM storing tax information related to the tax amounts corresponding to respective displacements, and displays the obtained tax amount on a display device. Further, the CPU sends the information relating to the determined emission amount to a server of authorities from a communication unit for performing tax payment procedures.