193results about How to "Reduce depletion rate" patented technology

The invention discloses a high-sublevel subdivision mining method of a moderately thick heavy-pitch waste-rock-containing interlayer phosphate orebody along a strike. The high-sublevel subdivision mining method comprises four steps of exploiting, mining preparation, cutting and recovery, wherein a footwall intermediate-section main roadway is respectively arranged on a high sublevel along a top plate and a bottom plate of the orebody, and the intermediate-section main roadways of the top plate and the bottom plate are connected through a communication channel at intervals of 100m, therefore reduced roadway cutting construction, small development rate and simple process are achieved; after overall blasting of a stope is finished, a large amount of concentrated ore drawing is carried out, and the production efficiency is high; tail sand is adhered and filled after space pillars are mined first, then rooms are evacuated, and the rooms are filled with waste rocks or tail sand in a non-adhering way, thus recovery rate is high; and the high-sublevel subdivision mining method has little damage to the environment and capabilities of changing oredressing tail sand and waste rocks generated in open-air production into valuables and reducing geological disaster from happening. Due to the adoption of the high-sublevel subdivision mining method disclosed by the invention, ore recovery rate can be increased, ore dilution rate and emission of mine wastes are reduced, capacity of slag disposal pit is relatively increased, expropriation of land is decreased, and mineral land harmony is promoted.

The invention concretely relates to a novel tailing consolidator which uses fine powder ground from blast furnace water quenching slag as a main raw material and a preparation method of the consolidator. The consolidator is characterized in that the consolidator comprises, by mass concentration, 9 % to 17.54% of portland cement clinker, 10% to 17.54% of anhydrite, 6% to 10% of quicklime, 0.2 to 6 thousandths of Na2SO4, 0.2 to 0.5 thousandths of carboxymethyl cellulose, 5% to 10% of coal ash and 43.65% to 69.96% of the fine powder ground from the blast furnace water quenching slag. Each above component is dried by a dryer, put in a mixer to be evenly stirred, and conveyed to a bowl mill by a belt conveyer to be ground. The blast furnace slag discharged from a smeltery is used as the main raw material in the invention to reduce the cost and solve slag processing, so the consolidator has the advantages of low production cost, simple processing, and agile and convenient usage. A usage amount of the consolidator in the present invention is half or less than the usage amount of common cement under the same conditions with the same backfilling intensity.

The invention discloses a central outside-vein house pillar type combined crosscut two-end inside-vein continuous segment filling mining method for medium-thickness inclined crushed phosphorus ores. The method comprises the following steps: dividing an ore into middle segments, dividing each of the middle segments into panels, dividing each of the panels into segments, dividing the center of each of the segments into ore houses and ore pillars, and dividing two ends of each of the segment along an inside-vein drilling ore-removal level non-pillar into recovery units; adopting a hanging side outside-vein trackless mining system which is formed by a panel ramp, a concentrated ore-removal ore-pass, segment levels at the central outside-vein and shifting to inside-vein at two sides, and an connection lane commonly used by the ore houses and the ore pillars; recovering the ore houses in the middle segments, filling close to back, and recovering the ore pillars; and carrying out parallel operations of technologies comprising drilling, exploding, supporting, ore removal, filling and the like of a plurality of the ore houses to realize continuous mining. The method disclosed in the invention has the substantial characteristics of improvement of the recovery safety and the panel productivity, reduction of the resource dilution rate and the mining-cutting ratio, increase of enterprise benefits and the like.

The present invention relates to underground exploitation of phosphorate rock mineral and aims at providing slow inclined middle thick ore body exploiting method. The said exploitation process includes tunneling adit and main inclined tunnel, tunneling middle section main entry, dividing ore body into several panels, tunneling inclined panel slope, dividing the middle section into subsections, dividing subsection ore body into small room via subsection horizontal gallery and cutting raise, supporting roof with anchorage bar and metal net; drilling to bring down with rock drilling machine with cutting raise as free plane; stoping along strike direction; exploding residual ore column to empty area; conveying ore with carry scraper to ore chute and transporting ore with truck. The present invention is suitable for phosphate ore of ore body inclination 0-90 deg and ore body thickness 2-20 m.

The invention provides a technology for blasting an inclined thin ore body by dividing ores and rocks in area in drift driving, belonging to the field of mining engineering. A design process comprises the steps of: 1, dividing a waste rock area (9) and an ore area (10) according to an ore body and a rock distribution condition of a tunnel cross section; 2, arranging a main easer (1) and a secondary easer (2) at the lower part in the waste rock area; 3, arranging an auxiliary hole (3) in the waste rock area according to the size of the cross section; 4, arranging a breaking hole (6) in the ore area according to an inclination angle of the ore body and the size of the cross section; 5, arranging rim holes (4 and 7) and bottom holes (5 and 8) in the circumference edge and the bottom edge of a tunnel; 6, charging each blast hole; 7, sequentially initiating the blast holes; and 8, clearing slag after blasting, and respectively transporting the ores and the waste rocks. With the adoption of the technology provided by the invention, the quantity of the blast holes can be reduced, the use ratio of the blast holes can be improved, a blast effect can be enhanced, the driving efficiency and the ore and rock transportation efficiency can be improved, the dilution rate of the byproduct ores and the engineering cost can be reduced, and the economical benefits of a mine can be improved.

The invention discloses a filling mining method for a downward access part. In the ore body mining process, a mining area is divided into spaced filling layers (3) and full filling layers (4) which are alternatively distributed in the vertical direction; the spaced filling layers (3) and the full filling layers (4) are each divided into a plurality of first strip blocks (1) and second strip blocks (2) which are alternatively distributed; downward access layer-by-layer mining is conducted in the ore body mining process. According to the filling mining method for the downward access part, the purposes of reducing the filling material usage amount in the mining process and reducing the mining cost are achieved on the premise that the stability of a mining field is guaranteed, layered strip block mining is conducted on an ore body, the filling ratio is decreased by reasonably arranging the mining sequence, and then the filling cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a jamb recovery and cushion layer formation integrated technology in the process of mining from outdoors into underground. The technology comprises the following steps of: in the later stage of opencast mining, reserving a boundary pillar (1) at the bottom of an open pit, and carrying out underground mining on a first middle section in the process of underground mining by a large-parameter studding open-stope method; when the opencast mining and the open-stope method zone mining are ended, distributing blasted holes in the boundary pillar (1), distributing blasted holes in a jamb (3), charging powder at the same time and detonating in a segmented way, firstly detonating the blasted holes in the jamb (3), detonating the blasted holes in the boundary pillar (1) at the bottom of the open pit, and enabling fallen ores formed in a detonating way to form a cushion layer (4); and mining at a later-medium section in the process of underground mining by a caving method, and recovering the cores of the cushion layer (4) in the process of mining at a zone adopting a caving method. According to the technology, the open work and the underground work are carried out at the same time, the transition is stable, the safety in the process of open mining and underground mining can be improved, a mass of ores are recovered, a covering cushion layer for mining adopting the caving method can be solved, and the dilution ratio caused by the caving method can be greatly reduced.

The invention provides a steeply inclined ore body room-and-pillar mining method, comprising the following steps: a traveling roadway is tunneled along the trend of the ore body; broken-ore troughs are tunneled in the traveling roadway at interval with the broken-ore troughs as junctions, two inclined shafts are tunneled toward the uphill direction to the top of a quarry; a rhombic ore block formed between the inclined shafts is mined from top to bottom in sequence; ore pillars are left in the rhombic ore block at interval; ores mined in the process of tunneling slip into the broken-ore troughs along the inclined shafts depending on self weight and then put into a mine car in the traveling roadway from the broken-ore troughs to be delivered; the tunneled inclined shafts in networked cross distribution can serve as a passage and an ore chute for the miners to go up and down and as a ventilation shaft and a workplace for rock drilling, ore breaking and blasting avoiding. The method is good in ventilation effect, safe, reliable, low in cost, simple in construction operation, high in ore recovery ratio and low in dilution ratio.

The invention discloses a pillar mining method for gentle dip thin ores. The method comprises the following steps: A, filling the goaf (except upward roadways on the studding side) among top pillars, bottom pillars and studding in an open-stope room-and-pillar method stope (in which stoping is finished) with cementing tailings to form a cemented filling mass; B, firstly stoping pillars in the goaf; then moving tailings and waste stone (dug in the process of stoping the first row of pillars) out of the stope and backfilling the goaf for stoping adjacent upper rows of pillars with tailings and waste stone (dug in the process of stoping other pillars); C, after pillars in the goaf are all stoped, filling the upper roadways and the goaf of pillars by one-time operation; D, after pillars and middle pillars in the whole middle section of the goaf are all stoped, remaining essential airways; for the sake of safety, transporting roadway frontals from the middle section, then going back for stoping top pillars and bottom pills according to a method of drift stroping with backfill, and carrying out alternative stoping and tightened filling. By virtue of the method disclosed by the invention, pillars reserved in the open-stope room-and-pillar method can be stoped safely and efficiently at low cost.

A mining experimental vehicle for a cobalt-rich crust mining area on a seabed comprises a continuous track frame, a central post, propellers, a pressure compensator, an electronic bin, ore absorbing head propelling oil cylinders, an ore absorbing head fixing rack, track wheels, a hydraulic pump ore absorbing head, an underwater inverter, track wheel hydraulic motors, a milling digging head, an underwater battery, a milling digging head slide framework, a milling digging head propelling oil cylinder, a valve box, an acoustic thickness measurement probe, an underwater camera, an acoustic probe bracket, a steel cable, a pulley block, a mechanical arm, an arm folding oil cylinder, a hydraulic motor, an underwater power station and bins. According to the mining experimental vehicle, distribution characteristics of a cobalt-rich crust ore body can be tested on line in real time, the thickness of the tested ore body is acquired, the cutting and breaking depth of a mining head is adjusted, the working efficiency is increased, and the dilution ratio is reduced.

The invention belongs to gently inclined orebody mining field and in particular discloses a new gently inclined orebody overall mining method, including the following steps: digging a pedestrian rise entry and an incision rise entry which are communicated with the upper middle section in the orebody disclosed in a drift at the lower middle section; constructing an undercutting drift at the mouth of the incision rise entry; digging ore passes at a bottom pillar; constructing two layers of incision drifts at the incision rise entry; starting the stopping process after mining and incising processes are finished; increasing the rise entry gradient Alpha between the mouth of the incision rise entry and the two layers of incision drifts to Beta 40-90 degrees by bottom-chopping engineering. Compared with prior art, the new gently inclined orebody overall mining method increases incision drifts and extracts almost all the ores, thus improving stopping rate. With a plurality of working faces operate at the same time, the new mining method increases ore-drawing capacity, reduces reserved natural ore pillars and reduces ore loss ratio and ore dilution ratio. Through bottom-chopping engineering, the new mining method increases the riser entry gradient between the mouth of the incision riser entry and the two layers of incision drifts, thus greatly increasing ore transportation efficiency and increasing ore-drawing capacity.

The invention discloses an efficient upward drift slicing and filling mining method suitable for an unstable rock stratum. The efficient upward drift upward drift slicing and filling mining method comprises the steps that each section (c) is divided into an upper slice (c1) and a lower slice (c2), and the upper slices (c1) and the lower slices (c2) are combined into the sections (c) for carrying out mining, wherein the upper slices (c1) are firstly mined, and after drift stoping on the upper slices (c1) is completed, drift ore bodies of the lower slices (c2) are mined; and stoping is conducted on the same panel in the horizontal direction in a mode that one slice is mined every other slice or one slice is mined every other two slices, and after stope rooms of the upper slices (c1) and stope rooms of the lower slices (c2) in the first step are stoped, cemented filling is conducted, and stope rooms adjacent to the stope rooms in the first step are immediately stoped after a filling body meets the requirements of the curing strength. By adoption of the efficient upward drift slicing and filling mining method, continuous mining is achieved, and after one section is completely stoped, uniform lifting is conducted for drift stoping of the upper slices, the preparation project amount of second-step ore pillar stoping is decreased, primary roof supporting is reduced, the sectional height of primary filling is increased, the ore stoping and filling efficiency are improved, and the mining cost is lowered.

The invention discloses a pillarless sublevel caving method based extraction technology used under the condition of gently inclined ore bodies. A series of problems of the pillarless sublevel caving method under the condition of gently inclined ore bodies such as efficient extraction of sublevel hanging wall and footwall triangle ore bodies, sublevel transition ore quantity, efficient recovery of footwall residual ores, timely supplementing and caving realization and the like are solved by the technical measures such as vertical partitioning, combined ore drawing, timely supplementing and caving, footwall residue full covering and the like. By designing the new pillarless sublevel caving method based vertical partitioning and combined ore drawing extraction scheme suitable for the condition of gently inclined ore bodies, the loss and dilution indexes when the pillarless sublevel caving method is applied under the condition of gently inclined ore bodies can be substantially reduced and the technical and economic benefits of mining can be increased.

The invention relates to a mining method for a steep-drip thin ore body, which belongs to the technical field of mine underground mining. The mining method comprises the following steps: dividing theore body into ore blocks, and tunneling a vein-penetrating roadway in a direction perpendicular to the ore body from an outside-vein transportation roadway at the two ends of each ore block; tunnelinga pedestrian mine slide open yard at a vein of the vein-penetrating roadway, and simultaneously tunneling an in-vein scraper chamber and a sub-section drilling roadway; after tunneling of the sub-section drilling roadway is accomplished, tunneling a center advanced open yard; and recovering the ore blocks from top to bottom, and recovering the next sub section after the last sub section recoveryis ended by adopting a sub-section ore removal way for ore removal. The mining method has the advantage of sub-section ore removal, reduces operation time of each sub section at a working site, effectively controls mixing of surrounding rocks, reduces a rate of dilution, constructs a concrete cushion layer every 1-2 sub sections, can effectively control geopressure show at the working site, improves stability of the working site, reduces the rate of dilution of the ores, improves production efficiency of the working site, and guarantees safety of production operation.

The invention discloses a seabed cobalt-rich crust mining vehicle. The seabed cobalt-rich crust mining vehicle comprises a base, a walking device, mining heads, collecting heads and a collecting device, wherein the base is fixed to the walking device, the mining heads are fixed to a support and make contact with the ground to broke cobalt-rich crusts, the collecting heads are fixed to the base and are arranged on the mining heads in the advancing direction of the mining vehicle, and the collecting device is fixed to the base and connected with the collecting heads and provides negative pressure for the collecting heads to suck cobalt-rich crust pulp generated after the mining heads broke the cobalt-rich crusts. The seabed cobalt-rich crust mining vehicle has the advantages that in the walking operation process of the mining vehicle, caterpillar bands can adapt complex and changeable terrain in the cobalt-rich crust mine lot; in the collection operation work, a hydraulic oil cylinder controls a mechanical arm to move up and down to adjust the work height, away from the ground, of the cutting and broking mining heads, bed rock cutting is reduced as much as possible or is avoided, the purpose of broking cobalt-rich crusts as many as possible the achieved, and the dilution rate is reduced.

The invention provides an oblique throwing blasting mining method for a gently-inclined thin ore body. The oblique throwing blasting mining method for the gently-inclined thin ore body comprises the following steps that structure parameters of an ore block stoping unit are determined, a stope is arranged in the direction of the ore body, two mining preparation upward-inclining roadways communicating the upper, middle and lower sections are arranged in the stope, and the upward-inclining roadways are arranged in spacer pillars; cutting roadways are sequentially constructed between the two upward-inclining roadways from a bottom pillar to a top pillar of the stope; the oblique distance between the center line of the first cutting roadway and the bottom pillar is 2.5 m, and the oblique distances between the center lines of the subsequent cutting roadways and the bottom pillar are 5 m; stoping starts from the first cutting roadway, backward stoping is adopted, and two controlled blasting methods including oblique pre-splitting blasting and throwing blasting are adopted in order to reduce dilution and loss; after stoping of the first cutting roadway is completed, wooden walls are erected on two sides of the spacer pillars and cementing filling is conducted; after a filling curing period is finished, the second cutting roadway is stoped upwards, and the same stoping process is adopted; and stoping is sequentially recycled until stoping of a mining room is finished. The oblique throwing blasting mining method for the gently-inclined thin ore body is safe, efficient and low in loss, and the loss of mineral resources is reduced.

The invention belongs to the field of mining and relates to a sublevel open stoping method ground pressure control method of inclined large and thick ore bodies. Chamber is divided into three sublevels in the vertical direction, and a roof pillar is reserved above; an along-vein roadway, a rock drilling roadway, a cutting level and a cutting raise are arranged at each sublevel; medium-length holeblasting is adopted to form cutting grooves; during stoping of the chamber, sublevel centralized blasting is adopted, centralized blasting is performed on the whole chamber four times in total. The method has the benefits as follows: a mining preparation arrangement manner combining going along with and penetrating through veins outside of footwalls is adopted, and the mining preparation work amount is reduced; the sublevel centralized blasting technology is adopted, the stoping cycle of a stope is shortened, and the exposure time of a vacant stope is shortened; sublevel centralized ore removal is adopted, and the hanging wall pressure, transferred by falling ore, applied to footwall rock is reduced; a triangular ore pile is reserved on a chamber hanging wall, mixing of hanging wall wastestone during stoping is avoided, and the dilution rate is decreased.