The invention relates to a method for preparing high-solid-content waterborne polyurethane. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) reacting sulfonate-containing sodium dimethyl isophthalate-5-sulfonate with excessive polylol for a while, and then, adding polyacid to react so as to synthesize hydroxyl-terminated polyester; and (2) using the synthesized waterborne polyester as a soft segment, using diisocyanate as a hard segment, adding water to disperse, and carrying out chain extension by using polyamine so as to obtain the high-solid-content waterborne polyurethane. According to the method, the dispersion is easy, a large amount of solvent is not required for being used, the cost is saved, the solvent removal is easy, and the solid content reaches over 50% while lower viscosity is kept, so that the constructability of adhesive liquid is improved, and the adhesive liquid is crystallizable and has better initial viscosity and better adhesive strength; and the used polyester is synthesized autonomously, the raw materials are all common, and the process is simple, so that the cost is saved, and the industrialization is facilitated.