The present invention provides a method for characterizing the gas storage space of a
shale gas reservoir, and relates to the field of unconventional
natural gas. The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a shale sample; S2, placing the shale sample in a scattering chamber to perform a first small-angle
neutron scattering experiment, and obtaining a first two-dimensional scattering pattern of the shale sample; S3, injecting a deuterated
mixed gas into the scattering chamber to a target pressure, and then performing a second small-angle
neutron scattering experiment, and obtaining a second two-dimensional scattering pattern of the shale sample; S4, respectively obtaining first pore structure information and second pore structure information of the shale sample before and after the deuterated
mixed gas is injected according to the first two-dimensional scattering pattern and the second two-dimensional scattering pattern; S5, characterizing the gas storage space of the shale sample according to the first pore structure information and the second pore structure information. The present invention can more comprehensively characterize the gas storage space of a
shale gas reservoir, and improve the accuracy of
natural gas production potential prediction.