The invention relates to a ship exhaust gas filtering and waste heat recovery and utilization device and a using method thereof, the device comprises a heat exchange box and a spray box, wherein the heat exchange box is separated into an exhaust gas chamber and a water injection chamber, the exhaust gas chamber and the water injection chamber are respectively provided with multiple layers of filter plates and spiral tubes, the top inlet of the exhaust gas chamber extends out of the heat exchange box through an air intake pipe, and the bottom outlet of the exhaust gas chamber is communicated with the top end of the spiral tube of the exhaust gas chamber. The bottom end of the spiral tube extends out of the heat exchange box through an air guiding tube and extends into the upstream of the spray box, the water injection chamber is respectively connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, a water supply pipe and a spray pipe are externally connected with the end of the wateroutlet pipe through a tee pipe, a sprinkler head is arranged at the end of the spray pipe, the end of the spray pipe extends into the midstream of the spray box, the bottom of the spray box is provided with a sewage discharge pipe, the downstream of the spray box is provided with an air outlet pipe, the air guiding pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively provided with an air pump and a water pump, and the spray pipe is provided with a valve. The ship exhaust gas filtering and waste heat recovery and utilization device can not only carry out multi-layer filtration and spray decontamination of ship exhaust gas, but also can utilize the waste heat of the ship exhaust gas to supply hot water to the outside, has high heat exchange efficiency and prevents clogging.