3 results about "Inductive effect" patented technology

In chemistry, the inductive effect is an effect regarding the transmission of unequal sharing of the bonding electron through a chain of atoms in a molecule, leading to a permanent dipole in a bond. It is present in a σ (sigma) bond as opposed to electromeric effect which is present on a π (pi) bond. The halogen atoms in alkyl halide are electron withdrawing and alkyl groups are electron donating. If the electronegative atom (missing an electron, thus having a positive charge) is then joined to a chain of atoms, usually carbon, the positive charge is relayed to the other atoms in the chain. This is the electron-withdrawing inductive effect, also known as the -I effect. In short, alkyl groups tend to donate electrons, leading to the +I effect. Its experimental basis is the ionization constant.