Soil improvement module for improving regreening efficiency of mining wasteland and preparation method of soil improvement module

Abstract

The invention provides a soil improvement module for improving the green recovery efficiency of a mining wasteland, which is characterized by comprising a surface soil layer A, a water holding layer B, an improved core layer C and a packaging layer D. The surface soil layer A, the water holding layer B and the improved core layer C are sequentially arranged in the packaging layer D and are compacted into a brick shape; wherein the surface soil layer A is composed of planting soil, the water holding layer B is composed of straw particles, the improved core layer C is formed by mixing multifunctional microbial powder and the straw particles, and the packaging layer D is degradable non-woven fabric. According to the soil improvement module provided by the invention, microbial florae in the litters of the mining wasteland are effectively utilized for expanding propagation, the soil improvement module is prepared, the green recovery cost is reduced, meanwhile, the pollution of wastes to the environment is reduced, and the preparation method is easy to operate and convenient to popularize and apply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ecological restoration of abandoned mine land, and in particular to a soil improvement module prepared by utilizing waste materials and capable of improving the greening efficiency of abandoned mine land, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Long-term mining in abandoned mines has led to soil structure damage, nutrient deficiency, and low microbial activity, which seriously hinders vegetation recovery. In the prior art, soil improvement mostly uses chemical fertilizers or single microbial agents, which have problems such as high cost, environmental unfriendliness, and poor durability. In addition, organic materials such as straw degrade slowly and it is difficult to release nutrients synchronously, resulting in a low plant colonization rate. In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a soil improvement module based on the synergistic effect of multifunctional microbial flora and straw, which significantly improves soil quality and accelerates vegetation recovery by optimizing flora function and material ratio. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a soil improvement module for vegetation restoration of abandoned mine land and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the problems of low efficiency, high cost, unstable effect and the like in the prior art of revegetation of abandoned mine land. To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following technical scheme is adopted: the present invention provides a soil improvement module for improving the efficiency of revegetation of abandoned mine land, comprising: a topsoil layer A, a water-holding layer B, an improved core layer C and a packaging layer D, wherein the topsoil layer A, the water-holding layer B and the improved core layer C are sequentially placed inside the packaging layer D and compacted into a brick shape; wherein the topsoil layer A is composed of planting soil, the water-holding layer B is composed of straw particles, the improved core layer C is a mixture of multifunctional microbial powder and straw particles, and the packaging layer D is a degradable non-woven fabric.

[0004] Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the topsoil layer A, the water-holding layer B and the improved core layer C is 1:3:6.

[0005] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the multifunctional microbial flora powder to the straw particles in the core layer is 1:5~10.

[0006] Furthermore, the straw particles are rice straw particles, soybean straw particles or corn straw particles.

[0007] Furthermore, the multifunctional microbial powder is prepared by the following steps:

[0008] S1: crushing and spraying plant litter, adding sterile water after incubation, and obtaining a multifunctional bacterial enrichment solution;

[0009] S2: The multifunctional bacterial enrichment solution is inoculated into culture medium A, and after 3 to 5 rounds of screening and cultivation, it is inoculated into LB liquid culture medium according to a proportion to obtain cellulose-degrading functional microbial culture mother solution I;

[0010] S3: Inoculate the multi-functional microbial flora enrichment solution into Medium A. After 3 to 5 rounds of screening culture, inoculate it into YPD liquid medium according to a ratio for culture to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother liquor II.

[0011] S4: Inoculate the multi-functional microbial flora enrichment solution into Medium B. After 3 to 5 rounds of screening culture, inoculate it into LB liquid medium to obtain the growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother liquor I.

[0012] S5: Inoculate the multi-functional microbial flora enrichment solution into Medium C. After 3 to 5 rounds of screening culture, inoculate it into LB liquid medium to obtain the growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother liquor II.

[0013] S6: Add excipients to the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother liquor I, cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother liquor II, growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother liquor I, and growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother liquor II. Air-dry at room temperature to obtain bacterial powder, and then mix them in equal proportions to obtain the multi-functional microbial bacterial powder.

[0014] Further, the components of Medium A are 2.5 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.5 g / L disodium hydrogen phosphate, 20.0 - 30.0 g / L carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, 2.0 g / L peptone, and 0.5 g / L yeast extract powder.

[0015] Further, the components of Medium B are 10 g / L glucose, 0.5 g / L yeast extract, 0.5 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.2 g / L potassium chloride, 0.1 g / L magnesium sulfate, 0.0001 g / L manganese sulfate, 0.0001 g / L ferric sulfate, and 20 - 25 g / L calcium phosphate.

[0016] Further, the components of Medium C are 5.0 g / L sucrose, 5.0 g / L glucose, 0.5 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.5 g / L yeast powder, 0.3 g / L magnesium sulfate, 2.0 g / L disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.03 g / L ferrous sulfate, 0.03 g / L manganese sulfate, and 2.0 - 3.0 g / L potassium feldspar.

[0017] Further, the excipients in step (5) are 5 - 7 parts of diatomite, 1 - 3 parts of humic acid, and 2 - 4 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer.

[0018] Further, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a soil improvement module, including the following steps:

[0019] a. Enrich the multi-functional microbial flora using the vegetation litter around the wasteland.

[0020] b. Propagate the enriched multi-functional microbial flora and make it into multi-functional microbial bacterial powder.

[0021] c. Mix the multi-functional microbial powder with the straw particles to form an improved core layer;

[0022] d. Place the topsoil layer, water-holding layer and improved core layer in the biodegradable non-woven fabric packaging layer model in sequence and compact them into shape;

[0023] e. Incubate the prepared soil improvement module.

[0024] Further, the incubation step in the above step e includes placing the prepared soil improvement module under the conditions of a temperature of 25°C to 30°C and sunlight exposure, regularly spraying with clean water to ensure that the water-holding rate is between 30% and 40%, and it can be used after being placed for more than 3 days.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Using waste to prepare the soil improvement module reduces the cost of revegetation, and at the same time reduces the environmental pollution caused by waste. The preparation method is easy to operate and is convenient for popularization and application; the size of the soil improvement module can be adjusted according to the conditions of different mine waste lands to improve the revegetation efficiency; the multi-functional microbial flora can effectively decompose the litter on the mine waste land. During the process of the multi-functional microbial flora decomposing the straw particles, as time progresses (0 - 40 days), the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the straw are slowly released, which is synchronized with the plant growth cycle. At the same time, the multi-functional microbial powder can convert the insoluble phosphorus and potassium elements in the soil into a state that is easily absorbed by plants, providing continuous nutrition for the growth of plants, improving the soil structure and fertility, effectively increasing the germination rate and germination potential of plant seeds, providing a good environment for plant growth, and increasing the plant colonization rate and growth rate. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soil improvement module of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the influence of the soil improvement module on the germination rate of plant seeds.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the influence of the soil improvement module on the germination potential of plant seeds.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the change of the soil improvement module providing nutrients for the growth of plant seedlings.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the influence of the soil improvement module on the growth of plant seedlings. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. For those conditions not specified in the examples, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. For the reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0033] (I) Composition and Preparation of Soil Improvement Module

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, the soil improvement module of the present invention includes a topsoil layer A, a water-holding layer B, an improvement core layer C, and a packaging layer D. The topsoil layer A is taken from the surface planting soil around the mine waste land. The water-holding layer B is straw particles, which can provide water supply for revegetation plants. The improvement core layer C is a multifunctional microbial powder, which can effectively degrade plant cellulose. At the same time, the growth-promoting functional bacteria in it can effectively decompose phosphorus and potassium, convert the insoluble phosphorus and potassium elements in the soil into a state easily absorbed by plants, improve soil fertility, and promote plant growth. The packaging layer D is a degradable non-woven fabric. The topsoil layer A, the water-holding layer B, and the improvement core layer C are sequentially placed in a mold with a size of 15 cm to 20 cm, and gently compacted in sequence to form a brick shape for convenient use. The thickness ratio of layer A, layer B, and layer C is 1:3:6. Through the design of the dosage ratio of different functional layers, they work together synergistically, so that the decomposition rate of waste is synchronized with the growth rate of revegetation plants, effectively improving the germination rate and germination potential of plants, enabling revegetation plants to effectively utilize the nutrient elements in the soil, and improving the revegetation efficiency. The external dimensions of the soil improvement module of the present invention can also be adjusted according to the conditions of different mine waste lands for convenient use.

[0035] The preparation of the soil improvement module includes the following steps:

[0036] a. Utilize the vegetation litter around the waste land, preferably coniferous litter, to enrich the multifunctional microbial flora;

[0037] b. Propagate the above-mentioned multifunctional microbial flora and make it into a powder;

[0038] c. Mix the multifunctional microbial powder with straw particles in a certain proportion to prepare the "improvement core layer" of the module. The straw particles of the present invention are preferably soybean straw, rice straw, or corn straw from the mine waste land. The straw is crushed, stirred evenly, and then made into straw particles by a straw granulator, keeping the moisture content of the straw particles at 20-30%. The multifunctional microbial powder is preferably mixed with rice straw particles in a ratio of 1:10, or with soybean straw particles in a ratio of 1:5, or with corn straw particles in a ratio of 1:10.

[0039] d. Place the topsoil layer, improved core layer, and water-holding layer (straw particles) into the model containing the degradable non-woven fabric (packaging layer) in sequence and gently compact them.

[0040] e. After the soil improvement bricks are prepared, place them under the conditions of 25°C - 30°C temperature and sunlight exposure, and regularly spray them with clean water to ensure that the water-holding rate is between 30% - 40%. They can be used at any time after 3 days.

[0041] (II) Preparation of multi-functional microbial powder

[0042] The preparation of the multi-functional microbial powder specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] S1: Crush the vegetation litter and spray it wet with sterile water. After incubating at a constant temperature of 28°C for 72 - 100 h, mix the litter debris and sterile water in a mass ratio of 1:5 and oscillate for 1 - 2 d to obtain the multi-functional microbial flora enrichment liquid A.

[0044] S2: Preparation of the culture mother liquor of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms

[0045] Inoculate the enrichment liquid A into medium A at a ratio of 10%, culture it with constant shaking at 30°C for 7 d, then inoculate it into a new medium A at a ratio of 10% and continue the culture. After 3 - 5 times of screening and culturing, inoculate it into the LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and oscillate at 37°C for 1 - 2 d to obtain the culture mother liquor Ⅰ of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms.

[0046] S3: Inoculate the enrichment liquid A into medium A at a ratio of 10%, culture it with constant shaking at 30°C for 7 d, then inoculate it into a new medium A at a ratio of 10% and continue the culture. After 3 - 5 times of screening and culturing, inoculate it into the YPD liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and oscillate at 28°C for 3 - 5 d to obtain the culture mother liquor Ⅱ of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms.

[0047] Preparation of medium A: 2.5 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.5 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 20.0 - 30.0 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2.0 g of peptone, 0.5 g of yeast extract powder, at room temperature of 25°C, add distilled water, make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.2 ± 0.2.

[0048] The microorganisms screened out by the optimized medium have a high cellulose degradation function.

[0049] S4: Preparation of the culture mother liquor of growth-promoting functional microorganisms

[0050] Inoculate enrichment liquid A into medium B at a ratio of 10%, culture it at a constant temperature of 30 °C with shaking for 5 d, then inoculate it into fresh medium B at a ratio of 10% and continue the culture. After 3 - 5 rounds of screening culture, inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and shake it at a constant temperature of 37 °C for 1 - 2 d to obtain the mother culture solution Ⅰ of growth-promoting functional microorganisms;

[0051] The formula of medium B is 10 g glucose, 0.5 g yeast extract, 0.5 g ammonium sulfate, 0.2 g potassium chloride, 0.1 g magnesium sulfate, 0.0001 g manganese sulfate, 0.0001 g / L iron sulfate, 20 - 25 g calcium phosphate, 1 L of distilled water, pH: 7.2 ± 0.2 (25 °C)

[0052] The optimized medium enables the screened microorganisms to have a high phosphorus-solubilizing ability.

[0053] S5: Inoculate enrichment liquid A into medium C at a ratio of 10%, culture it at a constant temperature of 30 °C with shaking for 5 d, then inoculate it into fresh medium C at a ratio of 10% and continue the culture. After 3 - 5 rounds of screening culture, inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and shake it at a constant temperature of 37 °C for 1 - 2 d to obtain the mother culture solution Ⅱ of growth-promoting functional microorganisms.

[0054] The formula of medium C is 5.0 g sucrose, 5.0 g glucose, 0.5 g ammonium sulfate, 0.5 g yeast powder, 0.3 g magnesium sulfate,

[0055] 2.0 g disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.03 g ferrous sulfate, 0.03 g manganese sulfate, 2.0 - 3.0 g potassium feldspar, 1 L of distilled water, pH: 7.2 ± 0.2 (25 °C).

[0056] The optimized medium enables the screened microorganisms to have a high potassium-solubilizing ability.

[0057] For the sake of easy understanding, the inoculation amounts in the above mother culture solution preparation process are shown in the following flow chart:

[0058]

[0059] S6: Expand the multi-functional microbial flora and make it into a powder

[0060] After centrifuging the mother culture solution Ⅰ of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms, suspend it with physiological saline, add excipients and mix, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microbial powder Ⅰ.

[0061] The cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother liquor II, the growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother liquor I, and the growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother liquor II are respectively used to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism powder II, the growth-promoting functional microorganism powder I, and the growth-promoting functional microorganism powder II according to the above method.

[0062] The cellulose-degrading functional microorganism powder I, the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism powder II, the growth-promoting functional microorganism powder I, and the growth-promoting functional microorganism powder II are mixed in equal proportions to form a multi-functional microorganism powder.

[0063] Among them, the components of the auxiliary materials are 5-7 parts of diatomaceous earth, 1-3 parts of humic acid, and 2-4 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer.

[0064] According to the above content, the following specific examples are set for the preparation of the multi-functional microorganism powder of the present invention:

[0065] Example 1:

[0066] S1: After crushing the vegetation litter and spraying it with sterile water and incubating it at a constant temperature of 28°C for 72 h, the litter debris and sterile water are mixed and oscillated for 1 d according to a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain the multi-functional microorganism flora enrichment liquid A;

[0067] S2: The enrichment liquid A is inoculated into the culture medium A at a ratio of 10%, cultured at a constant temperature of 30°C with shaking for 7 d, then inoculated into a new culture medium A at a ratio of 10% and continue to be cultured. After 3 times of screening and culturing, it is inoculated into the LB liquid culture medium at a ratio of 20% and shaken at a constant temperature of 37°C for 1 d to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother liquor I;

[0068] Preparation of culture medium A: Add 2.5 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.5 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 20.0 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2.0 g of peptone, 0.5 g of yeast extract powder, at room temperature of 25°C, add distilled water, make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.2.

[0069] S3: The enrichment liquid A is inoculated into the culture medium A at a ratio of 10%, cultured at a constant temperature of 30°C with shaking for 7 d, then inoculated into a new culture medium A at a ratio of 10% and continue to be cultured. After 3 times of screening and culturing, it is inoculated into the YPD liquid culture medium at a ratio of 20% and shaken at a constant temperature of 28°C for 3 d to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother liquor II.

[0070] The components and preparation method of the culture medium A are the same as those in S2.

[0071] S4: Inoculate enrichment solution A into medium B at a ratio of 10%, and cultivate it with constant shaking at 30 °C for 5 days. Then inoculate it into fresh medium B at a ratio of 10% and continue the cultivation. After 3 rounds of screening cultivation, inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and shake it constantly at 37 °C for 1 day to obtain the mother culture solution I of growth-promoting functional microorganisms;

[0072] Preparation of medium B: Add 10 g of glucose, 0.5 g of yeast extract, 0.5 g of ammonium sulfate, 0.2 g of potassium chloride, 0.1 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.0001 g of manganese sulfate, 0.0001 g / L of ferric sulfate, and 20 g of calcium phosphate to distilled water at room temperature (25 °C), make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.2.

[0073] S5: Inoculate enrichment solution A into medium C at a ratio of 10%, and cultivate it with constant shaking at 30 °C for 5 days. Then inoculate it into fresh medium C at a ratio of 10% and continue the cultivation. After 3 rounds of screening cultivation, inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and shake it constantly at 37 °C for 1 day to obtain the mother culture solution II of growth-promoting functional microorganisms.

[0074] Preparation of medium C: Add 5.0 g of sucrose, 5.0 g of glucose, 0.5 g of ammonium sulfate, 0.5 g of yeast powder, 0.3 g of magnesium sulfate,

[0075] 2.0 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.03 g of ferrous sulfate, 0.03 g of manganese sulfate, and 2.0 g of potassium feldspar to distilled water at room temperature (25 °C), make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.2.

[0076] S6: Propagate the multi-functional microbial flora and make it into a powder

[0077] After centrifuging the mother culture solution I of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms, suspend it with physiological saline. Then, according to the mass parts, add 7 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of humic acid, and 4 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microbial powder I.

[0078] After centrifuging the mother culture solution II of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms, suspend it with physiological saline. Then, according to the mass parts, add 7 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of humic acid, and 4 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microbial powder II;

[0079] After centrifuging the mother culture solution I of growth-promoting functional microorganisms, suspend it with physiological saline. Then, according to the mass parts, add 7 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of humic acid, and 4 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the growth-promoting functional microbial powder I;

[0080] After centrifuging the growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother liquor I, it is suspended with physiological saline. According to parts by mass, 7 parts of diatomaceous earth, 3 parts of humic acid, and 4 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer are added, and it is naturally air-dried at room temperature to obtain the growth-promoting functional microorganism powder II.

[0081] The cellulose-degrading functional microorganism powder I, cellulose-degrading functional microorganism powder II, growth-promoting functional microorganism powder I, and growth-promoting functional microorganism powder II prepared above are mixed in equal proportions to form a multi-functional microorganism powder.

[0082] Example 2:

[0083] S1: After crushing the vegetation litter and spraying it wet with sterile water and incubating it at a constant temperature of 28°C for 100 h, the litter debris is mixed with sterile water in a mass ratio of 1:5 and shaken for 2 d to obtain the multi-functional microorganism flora enrichment liquid A.

[0084] S2: The enrichment liquid A is inoculated into the culture medium A at a ratio of 10%, and cultured with constant shaking at 30°C for 7 d, then inoculated into a new culture medium A at a ratio of 10% and continue to culture. After 5 times of screening culture, it is inoculated into the LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and shaken at a constant temperature of 37°C for 2 d to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother liquor I.

[0085] Preparation of culture medium A: Add 2.5 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.5 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 30.0 g of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, 2.0 g of peptone, 0.5 g of yeast extract powder at room temperature of 25°C, add distilled water, make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.4.

[0086] S3: The enrichment liquid A is inoculated into the culture medium A at a ratio of 10%, and cultured with constant shaking at 30°C for 7 d, then inoculated into a new culture medium A at a ratio of 10% and continue to culture. After 5 times of screening culture, it is inoculated into the YPD liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and shaken at a constant temperature of 28°C for 5 d to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother liquor II.

[0087] The components and preparation method of the culture medium A are the same as those in S2.

[0088] S4: The enrichment liquid A is inoculated into the culture medium B at a ratio of 10%, and cultured with constant shaking at 30°C for 5 d, then inoculated into a new culture medium B at a ratio of 10% and continue to culture. After 5 times of screening culture, it is inoculated into the LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and shaken at a constant temperature of 37°C for 2 d to obtain the growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother liquor I.

[0089] Preparation of Medium B: Add 10 g of glucose, 0.5 g of yeast extract, 0.5 g of ammonium sulfate, 0.2 g of potassium chloride, 0.1 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.0001 g of manganese sulfate, 0.0001 g / L of ferric sulfate, and 25 g of calcium phosphate to distilled water at room temperature (25 °C), make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.4.

[0090] S5: Inoculate the enriched liquid A into Medium C at a ratio of 10%, cultivate it with constant shaking at 30 °C for 5 d, then inoculate it into a new Medium C at a ratio of 10% and continue the cultivation. After 5 rounds of screening cultivation, inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and cultivate it with constant shaking at 37 °C for 2 d to obtain the mother liquid II of growth-promoting functional microorganisms.

[0091] Preparation of Medium C: Add 5.0 g of sucrose, 5.0 g of glucose, 0.5 g of ammonium sulfate, 0.5 g of yeast powder, 0.3 g of magnesium sulfate,

[0092] 2.0 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.03 g of ferrous sulfate, 0.03 g of manganese sulfate, and 3.0 g of potassium feldspar to distilled water at room temperature (25 °C), make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.4.

[0093] S6: Propagate the multi-functional microbial flora and make it into a powder

[0094] After centrifugation of the mother liquid I of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms, suspend it with physiological saline, and add 5 parts of diatomaceous earth, 1 part of humic acid, and 2 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer according to mass parts, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the microbial powder I of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms.

[0095] After centrifugation of the mother liquid II of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms, suspend it with physiological saline, and add 5 parts of diatomaceous earth, 1 part of humic acid, and 2 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer according to mass parts, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the microbial powder II of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms;

[0096] After centrifugation of the mother liquid I of growth-promoting functional microorganisms, suspend it with physiological saline, and add 5 parts of diatomaceous earth, 1 part of humic acid, and 2 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer according to mass parts, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the microbial powder I of growth-promoting functional microorganisms;

[0097] After centrifugation of the mother liquid I of growth-promoting functional microorganisms, suspend it with physiological saline, and add 5 parts of diatomaceous earth, 1 part of humic acid, and 2 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer according to mass parts, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the microbial powder II of growth-promoting functional microorganisms.

[0098] Mix the microbial powder I of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms, the microbial powder II of cellulose-degrading functional microorganisms, the microbial powder I of growth-promoting functional microorganisms, and the microbial powder II of growth-promoting functional microorganisms prepared above in equal proportions to form a multi-functional microbial powder.

[0099] Example 3:

[0100] S1: After crushing the vegetation litter and spraying it with sterile water and incubating it at a constant temperature of 28°C for 85 h, the litter debris is mixed with sterile water at a mass ratio of 1:5 and oscillated for 1.5 d to obtain the multi-functional microbial flora enrichment solution A;

[0101] S2: Inoculate the enrichment solution A into medium A at a ratio of 10%, culture it at a constant temperature of 30°C with shaking for 7 d, then inoculate it into a new medium A at a ratio of 10% and continue culturing. After 4 times of screening and culturing, inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and oscillate it at a constant temperature of 37°C for 1.5 d to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microbial culture mother liquor I;

[0102] Preparation of medium A: Add 2.5 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.5 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 25.0 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2.0 g of peptone, 0.5 g of yeast extract powder at room temperature of 25°C, add distilled water, make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.3.

[0103] S3: Inoculate the enrichment solution A into medium A at a ratio of 10%, culture it at a constant temperature of 30°C with shaking for 7 d, then inoculate it into a new medium A at a ratio of 10% and continue culturing. After 4 times of screening and culturing, inoculate it into YPD liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and oscillate it at a constant temperature of 28°C for 4 d to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microbial culture mother liquor II.

[0104] The components and preparation method of medium A are the same as those in S2.

[0105] S4: Inoculate the enrichment solution A into medium B at a ratio of 10%, culture it at a constant temperature of 30°C with shaking for 5 d, then inoculate it into a new medium B at a ratio of 10% and continue culturing. After 4 times of screening and culturing, inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and oscillate it at a constant temperature of 37°C for 1.5 d to obtain the growth-promoting functional microbial culture mother liquor I;

[0106] Preparation of medium B: Add 10 g of glucose, 0.5 g of yeast extract, 0.5 g of ammonium sulfate, 0.2 g of potassium chloride, 0.1 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.0001 g of manganese sulfate, 0.0001 g / L of ferric sulfate, 22.5 g of calcium phosphate at room temperature of 25°C, add distilled water, make up the volume to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 7.3.

[0107] S5: Inoculate the enrichment solution A into medium C at a ratio of 10%, culture it at a constant temperature of 30°C with shaking for 5 d, then inoculate it into a new medium C at a ratio of 10% and continue culturing. After 4 times of screening and culturing, inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a ratio of 20% and oscillate it at a constant temperature of 37°C for 1.5 d to obtain the growth-promoting functional microbial culture mother liquor II.

[0108] Preparation of Medium C: Add 5.0 g of sucrose, 5.0 g of glucose, 0.5 g of ammonium sulfate, 0.5 g of yeast powder, 0.3 g of magnesium sulfate,

[0109] 2.0 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.03 g of ferrous sulfate, 0.03 g of manganese sulfate, and 2.5 g of potassium feldspar. Add distilled water to make up to 1 L at room temperature (25 °C), and adjust the pH to 7.3.

[0110] S6: Propagate the multi-functional microbial flora and make it into a powder.

[0111] After centrifuging the cellulose-degrading functional microbial culture mother liquor I, suspend it with physiological saline. Then, according to the mass parts, add 6 parts of diatomite, 2 parts of humic acid, and 3 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microbial powder I.

[0112] After centrifuging the cellulose-degrading functional microbial culture mother liquor II, suspend it with physiological saline. Then, according to the mass parts, add 6 parts of diatomite, 2 parts of humic acid, and 3 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the cellulose-degrading functional microbial powder II;

[0113] After centrifuging the growth-promoting functional microbial culture mother liquor I, suspend it with physiological saline. Then, according to the mass parts, add 6 parts of diatomite, 2 parts of humic acid, and 3 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the growth-promoting functional microbial powder I;

[0114] After centrifuging the growth-promoting functional microbial culture mother liquor II, suspend it with physiological saline. Then, according to the mass parts, add 6 parts of diatomite, 2 parts of humic acid, and 3 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer, and air-dry it naturally at room temperature to obtain the growth-promoting functional microbial powder II.

[0115] Mix the above-prepared cellulose-degrading functional microbial powder I, cellulose-degrading functional microbial powder II, growth-promoting functional microbial powder I, and growth-promoting functional microbial powder II in equal proportions to form a multi-functional microbial powder.

[0116] Performance Test

[0117] Test Example 1: Changes in plant germination rate and germination potential

[0118] Apply the soil improvement module prepared in Example 1 to the revegetation project of mine waste land. Taking the mine restoration plants Lolium perenne, Cynodon dactylon, Vetiveria zizanioides, and Medicago sativa as examples, according to Figure 2 It can be seen that the germination rate of plants has been significantly improved (P < 0.05). At the same time, according to Figure 3It can be seen that the germination potential of the plants has also been significantly improved (P<0.05). A higher germination potential can ensure that the plants emerge neatly and have strong seedlings, which can enhance the defensive ability of the plant seedlings against adverse environmental factors.

[0119] Test Example 3: Changes in Nutrients Required for the Growth of Plant Seedlings

[0120] The potassium chloride extraction-spectrophotometry method (HJ 634—2012), sodium bicarbonate extraction-molybdenum antimony resistance spectrophotometry method (HJ 704-2014), and ammonium acetate extraction-flame photometry method (NY / T 889-2004) were respectively used to determine the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium release in the soil. According to Figure 4 It can be seen that in the improved core layer, during the process of the multi-functional microbial flora decomposing the straw particles, as time progresses (0 - 40 days), a slow-release process of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the straw is completed, providing continuous nutrition for the growth of plants.

[0121] Test Example 4: Influence of the Soil Improvement Module on the Growth of Plant Seedlings

[0122] The soil improvement module was respectively applied to the mine restoration plants Lolium perenne, Cynodon dactylon, Vetiveria zizanioides, and Medicago sativa, and a comparative analysis was carried out with the non-application of the improvement module. According to Figure 5 It can be seen that with the continuous release of nutrients in the improved core layer, the seedling height of the plants has been significantly improved (P<0.05).

[0123] The present invention has a wide range of application prospects, can effectively solve the problem of revegetation of mine wastelands, and promote the ecological restoration of mine wastelands, having important economic and social benefits.

[0124] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be realized that many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, this means that all such changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A soil improvement module for improving the greening efficiency of abandoned mine land, characterized in that: include: A topsoil layer A, a water-holding layer B, an improved core layer C and a packaging layer D, wherein the topsoil layer A, the water-holding layer B and the improved core layer C are sequentially placed inside the packaging layer D and compacted into a brick shape; wherein the topsoil layer A is composed of planting soil, the water-holding layer B is composed of straw particles, the improved core layer C is a mixture of multifunctional microbial powder and straw particles, and the packaging layer D is a degradable non-woven fabric.

2. The soil improvement module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness ratio of the topsoil layer A, the water-holding layer B and the improved core layer C is 1:3:

6.

3. The soil improvement module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the multifunctional microbial flora powder to the straw particles in the core layer is 1:5-10.

4. The soil improvement module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multifunctional microbial powder is prepared by the following steps: S1: crushing and spraying plant litter, adding sterile water after incubation to obtain a multifunctional bacterial enrichment solution; S2: The multifunctional bacterial enrichment solution is inoculated into culture medium A, and after 3 to 5 rounds of screening and cultivation, it is inoculated into LB liquid culture medium according to a proportion to obtain cellulose-degrading functional microbial culture mother solution I; S3: The multifunctional bacterial enrichment solution is inoculated into culture medium A, and after 3 to 5 rounds of screening and cultivation, it is inoculated into YPD liquid culture medium according to a proportion to obtain cellulose-degrading functional microbial culture mother solution II; S4: The multifunctional bacterial enrichment solution is inoculated into the culture medium B, and after 3 to 5 rounds of screening and cultivation, it is inoculated into the LB liquid culture medium to obtain the growth-promoting functional microbial culture mother solution I; S5: The multifunctional bacterial enrichment solution is inoculated into the culture medium C, and after 3 to 5 rounds of screening and cultivation, it is inoculated into the LB liquid culture medium to obtain the growth-promoting functional microbial culture mother solution II; S6: adding auxiliary materials to the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother solution I, the cellulose-degrading functional microorganism culture mother solution II, the growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother solution I and the growth-promoting functional microorganism culture mother solution II, respectively, air-drying them at room temperature to obtain bacterial powders, and then mixing the four bacterial powders in equal proportions to obtain the multifunctional microbial powder.

5. The soil improvement module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The culture medium A comprises 2.5 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.5 g / L disodium hydrogen phosphate, 20.0-30.0 g / L sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2.0 g / L peptone and 0.5 g / L yeast extract powder.

6. The soil improvement module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The components of the culture medium B are 10 g / L glucose, 0.5 g / L yeast extract, 0.5 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.2 g / L potassium chloride, 0.1 g / L magnesium sulfate, 0.0001 g / L manganese sulfate, 0.0001 g / L iron sulfate, and 20-25 g / L calcium phosphate.

7. The soil improvement module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The components of the culture medium C are 5.0 g / L sucrose, 5.0 g / L glucose, 0.5 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.5 g / L yeast powder, 0.3 g / L magnesium sulfate, 2.0 g / L disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.03 g / L ferrous sulfate, 0.03 g / L manganese sulfate, and 2.0-3.0 g / L potassium feldspar.

8. The soil improvement module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary materials of step (5) are 5-7 parts of diatomaceous earth, 1-3 parts of humic acid, and 2-4 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer.

9. A method for preparing a soil improvement module according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. Use the vegetation litter around the abandoned land to enrich the multifunctional microbial flora; b. expanding the enriched multifunctional microbial flora and preparing multifunctional microbial powder; c. Mixing multifunctional microbial powder with straw particles to form an improved core layer; d. placing the topsoil layer, the water-holding layer and the improved core layer in the degradable non-woven fabric packaging layer model in sequence and compacting them into shape; e. Incubate the prepared soil improvement module.

10. The method for preparing a soil improvement module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The incubation step includes placing the prepared soil improvement module at 25°C to 30°C and in the sun, spraying it with clean water regularly to ensure that the water holding rate is 30% to 40%, and placing it for more than 3 days.

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