95 results about "Soil animal" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for improving acidified soil. The method uses soil animals and microorganisms in alkaline agricultural wastes for improving the acidified soil and is a physical, chemical and biological combined technology for repairing soil. The method uses tea leaf wastes composted in a slack farming land, dairy manures, plant ash and other alkaline agricultural wastes, has wide raw material source and low cost, is innocuous and nonpoisonous, and can avoid secondary damage of chemical repairing agents to the soil; the composting places are selected from spaces among crop lines, spaces under garden forests, winter fallow croplands and other slack farming lands, the agricultural wastes can be effectively treated, and the disadvantage that large floor space is occupied in the traditional composting is avoided, and repairing and production can be performed simultaneously; earthworms are added to accelerate decomposing of the agricultural wastes and solve the problem that the composting time is long in the traditional composting; the soil organism diversity is improved to be capable of effectively improving the activity of a soil ecological system, enhancing the acid resistant capacity of the soil and facilitating the sustainable development of the soil ecological system.

A process and system reprocesses soiled animal bedding material commingled with animal manure. The material is to remove a preponderance of the manure. The remaining soiled bedding is washed in water and a cleaning agent, rinsed and, optionally, bleached to restore color and appearance. The resulting material is dewatered and dried to reduce its moisture content and kill any remaining pathogens. After being cleaned and sanitized, the material may be reused as bedding or further processed into pellets or other products, such as manufactured fire logs.

The disclosure relates to containers and other shaped articles that have a relatively thick substrate layer and one or more relatively thin liner sheets peelably adhered thereto. Animal litter can be placed atop the liner sheets, preferably in a concave portion to contain the litter. The liner sheets have perforations extending therethrough that permit the passage of non-soiled litter, but do not permit the passage of at least one of animal feces and soiled animal litter, such as clumps of litter and urine. After an animal has deposited waste on or in the litter, the liner sheet can he peeled from the container and waste unable to pass through the perforations can be collected.

The invention relates to the sewage treatment field, and particularly relates to a quick-start unpowered biologically enhanced constructed wetland system suitable for treating domestic sewage and waste water in small towns. The constructed wetland system comprises: (1) a sand basin; (2) a suspending biological packing bed, wherein an impermeable membrane is paved on the bottom of the bed; a pebble bed is paved over the impermeable membrane; suspending biological packing is arranged over the pebble bed; and the mixture of volcanic packing, ceramsite packing and soil is paved over the suspending biological packing; (3) a biological treatment subsurface wetland, wherein the bottom layer of the biological treatment subsurface wetland is an impermeable layer; a pebble bed is paved over the impermeable layer; a volcanic packing layer is paved over the pebble bed; and earthworms are put in the area; and (4) a surface wetland. The system can effectively shorten the start time of the existing constructed wetland, improve the treatment efficiency at the start stage, solve the problem of blockage of the subsurface wetland and reduce the energy consumption of the water treatment process; and the system emphasizes the visual effect of plant arrangement and the role of soil animals in water treatment.

The invention belongs to the agriculture technique to provide a soil-animal divider. It comprises: a dividing support, a lamp, a funnel, a plastic-aluminum porous plate, a beaker, a rail, a runner and a funnel support. Wherein, the dividing support is formed by poles and beams, while the funnel support horizontally fixed is mounted on the poles and the runner is arranged between the beams and funnel support; the rail is connected on the runner of pole; the funnel is mounted on the funnel support; the plastic-aluminum porous plate is arranged on the middle-lower part of the cone of funnel; the lamp is mounted on the rail; and the beaker is under the funnel. The lamp, the funnel with plastic-aluminum porous plate and the beaker form the dividing system from upper to lower. The invention can effectively control the temperature and save energy via improve the structure of former divider, with simple operation, to improve the control ability and the dividing efficiency.

The invention provides a method for monitoring moderate degradation of alpine meadows in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by using soil animals. The method is characterized in that the moderate recession of thealpine meadow is monitored by analyzing the density of soil animals such as Diopoda soil animals with Polydesmoidea (Paradoxosomatidae) and Doratodesmidae soil animals in the soil animals. The evaluation method provided by the invention is simple, practical and relatively low in cost; the moderate degradation stage of the alpine meadow can be rapidly and efficiently evaluated; and the detection result can reflect the comprehensive degradation condition of environments such as grassland plant communities and soil. In addition, while traditional methods such as plant communities and soil or modern technologies such as remote sensing are used for judging the alpine meadow degradation stage, the method can also be combined for use, so that the result accuracy can be improved.

The invention relates to an amphibious soil profile gas in-situ collecting device, which comprises an outer protecting tube and an inner sampling tube which are made of polrvinyl chloride, wherein air vents are fully distributed on a wall of the outer protecting tube and a wall of the inner sampling tube; a waterproof and breathable film made of polyethylene is pasted on an outer wall of the inner sampling tube in a sealing way; a gauze is pasted outside the waterproof and breathable film; two ends of the outer protecting tube and the inner sampling tube are respectively sealed by adopting a first silicone plug and a second silicone plug with the middle part being provided with a gas conduit in a penetrating way; one end of the gas conduit is stretched into the middle part of the inner sampling tube; and the other end of the gas conduit is extended out of the outer protecting tube and is sealed by a third silicone plug. The device is simple and convenient to manufacture and use, is convenient to recover and utilize, has low cost, durability, good waterproofness, high air permeability and larger sample volume, is amphibious, can be applied in soil with high contents of rocky soil and sand grains, and can be used for effectively preventing a field installation process, plant roots and soil animals from damaging the device.

The invention belongs to the field of biomimetic materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method for a soft and hard alternated morphology biomimetic material based on friction performance. The method comprises the following steps that: S1: determining the proportion of two materials with different elasticity moduli; S2: determining the basic element dimension of the material with a large elasticity modulus; and S3: according to the proportion, which is obtained in the S1, of two materials with different elasticity moduli and the basic element dimension obtained in the S2, adopting the method of laser processing, 3D printing and physical blending to prepare the soft and hard alternated morphology biomimetic material. The soft and hard alternated morphology biomimetic material prepared with the invention has the advantages of simple method and excellent abrasive resistance, stretchability and impact resistance, wherein the body surfaces of soil animals including dung beetles, earthworms and the like are taken as archetypes, the biomimetic material of a biomimetic coupling cell cube with a certain rule is distributed on the surface of the biomimetic material, outstanding drag reduction and wear-proof characteristics are shown, and the preparation method is used in engineering practicality to obtain good economic benefits and social benefits.

A method and system reprocess soiled animal bedding material commingled with animal manure. In one aspect the soiled animal bedding material is separated in a shaker to send at least a preponderance of said manure to a holding tank. In another aspect the bedding is cleaned, rinsed and color is restored. Said bedding material is subsequently dried and a bedding product, fertilizer product, and / or compacted product is formed. Alternatively, said bedding material is dried (without a compacting step) to form a product. In another aspect, the steps of separation, cleaning, rinsing and / or color restoration may be omitted.

The invention discloses a special bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for shrimp rice fields and a preparation method thereof. The special bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for the shrimp rice fields comprises 3 to 10 percent of amino acids, 10 to 15 percent of activated humic acid, 35 to 45 percent of an inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, 15 to 25 percent of an inorganic phosphate fertilizer, 15 to 25 percent of an inorganic potassium fertilizer, 0.2 to 1 percent of a composite microbial agent, 1 to 3.5 percent of kaolin and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of a coating agent, wherein the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus and bacillus mucilaginosus in a weight ratio of 1-2:1:1-3. The special bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for the shrimp rice fields has exquisite formula, makes up for various deficiencies of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers, realizes rapid fertilizer and water application in low temperature seasons, provides appetizing materials for young shrimps, prevents moss in advance, can also promote the development of roots of rice and aquatic plants, realizes rapid survival, and is beneficial to maintaining therelatively stable effect of a water-soil-animal-plant system.

The invention relates to the field of soil ecology, in particular to a method for evaluating influences of global changes on agricultural soil animals on the basis of in-situ earth pillar displacement. The method aims to solve the problems that a sample plot treatment area and the sample plot external environment climate are inconsistent and air in the sample plot treatment area does not circulate in an existing method. The method comprises the first step of in-situ soil preparation, the second step of manufacturing of soil animal PVC isolation boxes, the third step of moving of in-situ earth pillars, the fourth step of plant cultivation or vegetation removal, the fifth step of soil temperature and humidity monitoring and the sixth step of sampling and analyzing. According to the method, in the moving process of the in-situ earth pillars, a plough layer and a plough pan are differentiated, it is guaranteed that the layer where the soil animals are most active is located at the same position all the time, communication of the soil animals is blocked through the soil animal PVC isolation boxes, and meanwhile the bottoms of the soil animal PVC isolation boxes are covered with gauze so that normal water and nutrient circulation of soil can be kept.

The invention provides a method for remediation of soil polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs. The soil animal-plant-agricultural solid waste combined remediation technology is utilized, wherein the soil animal is earthworm, the plant is pumpkin, and the agricultural solid waste is fermented cow dung, which are combined for the remediation of the farmland soil polluted by the PAHs. Results show that: through the soil animal-plant-agricultural solid waste combined action, compared with a method for treating the soil by not inoculating the earthworm or applying the fermented cow dung, the method can effectively improve the degradation rate of the PAHs in the soil, and the improved degradation rate varies due to different cycle numbers of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, compared with the traditional technology, by inoculating the earthworm and applying the fermented cow dung to the soil, the method has the advantages of great improvement of the remediation efficiency for the farmland soil polluted by the PAHs, simpleness, easy implementation, environmental protection, no secondary pollution, contribution to solving the problem of the farmland soil polluted by the PAHs, and important significance for protecting the quality safety of agricultural products.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a biological fertilizer for improving soil for continuous cropping of strawberries. Microbial fermentation broth, crushed waste straw, sugar industry filtered mud, decomposed manure, a traditional Chinese medicine extract product, leguminous plant root, stem, leaf and shell wastes, domestic fungus dregs, and a cake fertilizer are used as raw materials; fermentation, disinfection, granulation and a series of methods are used for preparing the biological fertilizer for improving soil for continuous cropping of strawberries. The fertilizer can induce strawberry plants to generate acquired systemic resistance and enhance disease resistance; at the same time, the fertilizer can adjust microorganism and soil animal class groups in rhizosphere soil, reduce quantity of pathogens, increase quantity of beneficial organisms, build good soil environment for growth of strawberries, and establish soil and nutrition adjustment for overcoming strawberry continuous cropping obstacles; after the fertilizer is applied to the soil for plantation of strawberries, plant death rate is reduced, yield is increased, generation probability of insect diseases is reduced, and the big problem of sustainable plantation of strawberries is solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and particularly relates to a method for paddy-upland rotation rice and vegetable planting. The method comprises the steps of planting rice in a first cut, causing rice straw generated by rice harvesting to perform total crop return, planting cold-resistant vegetables in a second cut, and causing residual vegetables leaves to remain in the fields directly. The production cycle of paddy-upland rotation is finished through the rice and the cold-resistant vegetables, a certain amount of organic fertilizer is applied while straw returns to fields, and earthworms which are the most valuable soil animals in the earth are added. The rice-vegetable-earthworm harvesting is achieved, in-situ organism treatment of crop straw and residual leaves can be achieved, the fertilizer use amount can be reduced, the unit land output effect is improved, and the goals of income increase, expenditure reduction and green sustainable development are achieved.

The invention relates to the multidisciplinary fields such as soil microbiology, soil chemistry, ecology, molecular biology, environmental science, physical geography, global climate change and the like, and specifically provides equipment for determining field rhizosphere soil in-situ zymogram, and a method for determining field rhizosphere soil in-situ zymogram by using the equipment. With the equipment and the method of the present invention, the field rhizosphere soil in-situ zymogram can be successfully determined, the determining is rapid and convenient, and the equipment and the methodcan be used for the research on the influence of roots, litter falls, soil animals, biological pores and the like on the activity of extracellular enzymes related to soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles.

A process and system reprocesses soiled animal bedding material commingled with animal manure. The material is to remove a preponderance of the manure. The remaining soiled bedding is washed in water and a cleaning agent, rinsed and, optionally, bleached to restore color and appearance. The resulting material is dewatered and dried to reduce its moisture content and kill any remaining pathogens. After being cleaned and sanitized, the material may be reused as bedding or further processed into pellets or other products, such as manufactured fire logs.

The present invention is fast soil health quality diagnosing method and test device. Specifically, one water maintaining and air permeable tank is separated with a watertight partitioning board intotwo chambers filled with water saturated fine quartzite; one other earthworm escaping tank separated with a watertight partitioning board into two chambers filled with clean soil and polluted soil separately is set on the first tank with the two partitioning boards are aligned vertically; the upper tank is maintained in the moisture level the same as that in field while the lower tank is maintained in water saturation state; earthworms are set to the two chambers in the upper tank; and after earthworms go into soil, the device is set in rest lighted place at 15-25 deg.c. The present invention is simple, and has high sensitivity in detecting the sensitivity of soil animal to the pollution degree of soil.

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural technologies and particularly relates to an SCM-controlled (single-chip microcomputer) soil-animal separator. The SCM-controlled soil-animal separator is composed of three metallic screen mesh layers. The screen meshes are different in shape and pore shape, and the pores stagger. Each screen mesh layer is provided with certain spacing. The top of an outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of air holes. A temperature control is controlled through an SCM; actually measured temperature is compared to set temperature through the SCM; thyristor operating angle is controlled so as to control the power of an incandescent lamp and control the temperature of a separator soil sample. The SCM-controlled soil-animal separator has the advantages that the problems that the pore diameter of the separator screen meshes is either too large or too small, liquid in a collector overflows and temperature is either too low or too high are solved, the power of a light source can be conveniently changed according to difference in soil sample thickness and humidity, with no need of changing incandescent lamps different in watt level or adjusting height between the lamp source and the soil sample, optimal temperature is set more accurately, and the optimal effect is achieved.

The invention relates to a flexible hinge based piezoelectric driving three-jaw bionic microsized clamping mechanism, and belongs to the field of precision driving and material micro-mechanical property in-situ tests. Three built-in encapsulated type piezoelectric stacked multi-load piezoelectric drivers are in a 120-degree internal enveloping ring distribution installation form, by means of lower layer flexible hinge sliding pair in plane expansion and motion transmission taking an inner layer fulcrum as a revolute pair movement center, claw toe clamping ends adopt a biological nonsmooth mechanism and soil animal claw toe configuration, the clamping frictional force is increased, and the microsized component clamping problem can be solved; in addition, a micro clamping mechanism can be combined with a combined support unit and a high-temperature loading unit, uniaxial and biaxial force fields which are controllable in displacement under the high-temperature service condition are built, and the microsized component uniaxial and biaxial mechanical property test function is achieved. The mechanism is compact in structure, wide in application range and capable of being combined with a scanning electron microscope for use, and an effective tool is provided for mechanical property test and representation of microsized materials such as carbon fiber.

The invention relates to applications of Folsomia candida heat shock protein hsp70 (F. candida hsp70) gene in soil environment quality monitoring. The inventor finds that the F. candida hsp70 gene can be used for the soil environment quality monitoring. The invention provides a soil environment quality monitoring method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, exposing Folsomia candida in soil to be detected; and 2, detecting the expression level of the hsp70 gene in the exposed Folsomia candida. The method allows the soil quality to be rapidly monitored and diagnosed through treating artificially-cultured soil animal Folsomia candida as an experiment and using the F. candida hsp70 gene expression level within 48h as a soil quality monitoring index. The method can be used for the early stage diagnosis and early warning polluted soil, and the soil quality assessment, and is more sensitive and rapid than traditional toxicity test methods.

A method for high-efficiently realizing separation of soil animals and soil in crude products obtained by a Tullgren method relates to a separation method and resolves problems that extraction efficiency of soil animals in crude products obtained by the Tullgren method is low, and the individually small, soil animals with the color similar to that of the soil are not easy to be found. The method includes preparing sucrose solution; adopting the Tullgren method to separate the soil animals, pouring liquid supernatant and collecting the soil animals after a beaker for collecting the soil animals is in standing, adding the sucrose solution into the crude products in the beaker, standing the beaker after being oscillated, pouring liquid into a culture dish and repeatedly using the sucrose solution to realize separation; and taking large-size soil animals, cleaning the large-size soil animals by alcohol, collecting and storing the large-size soil animals, then sucking medium and small-size soil animals, cleaning the medium and small-size animals by alcohol, and collecting and storing the medium and small-size animals after the medium and small-size animals are repeatedly cleaned, so that the steps of the method are finished. The method resolves the problem that the individually small animals with the color similar to that of the soil are not easy to be found, separation efficiency is improved by once to ten times, and statistical accuracy is improved by 5% to 10%.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecosystems and discloses a method for assessing a recovery potential of a karst ecosystem using soil animals. A measurement method of the recovery potential of the karst ecosystem uses the soil animals as an object; and a field in-situ soil column transplanting experiment and an indoor culture experiment of soil animal egg banks are used to comprehensively evaluate the diffusion recovery potential of the soil animals in karst area and the recovery potential of dormant egg banks. The karst stony desertification typical area of Puding County of Guizhou Province is used as an example; the diffusion recovery potential and influencing factors of the soil animals under different stony desertification degrees in karst of Guizhou are investigated and analyzed to explore the recovery potential of the dormant egg banks of the soil animals under the background of the karst stony desertification and to provide a scientific basis for the restoration and comprehensive prevention of the fragile ecosystems in the karst stony desertification area.

The invention relates to a design and application of soil meso-and micro-invertebrate separation equipment based on farmland landscape and ecological function research. The soil meso-and micro-invertebrate separation equipment comprises the following components: an internal hopper, an external hopper, a bulb, an objective table and an animal container, wherein the internal hopper and the external container are embedded and vertically placed; the upper-port diameter and height of the internal hopper are smaller than those of the external hopper; a fixing strip is arranged between the internal hopper and the external hopper so as to ensure that a clearance is reserved between the internal hopper and the external hopper, and the relative positions of the internal hopper and the external hopper are constant; the bulb is positioned at the bottom of the internal hopper; the objective table is arranged at the top of the internal hopper; the animal container is positioned below the bottom outlet of the external hopper and is filled with 75wt% ethanol. Compared with a traditional device, the soil meso-and micro-invertebrate separation equipment is good in stability; a gauze is not used for separation, the problem that soil falls into a lower animal container for receiving worms when soil particles are small can be avoided; when the soil moisture content is high, the moisture can not flow into the lower animal container.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of macadamia nuts interplanting with watermelons. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1), soil preparation requirements; (2), application of base fertilizer; (3), transplanting or sowing; (4), density; (5), topdressing; (6) field management. The step of soil preparation requirements is as follows: performing soil preparation in a holeform to ensure that the specification of the length, the width and the depth is 20 to 30cm, 20 to 30cm and 30 to 40cm. According to the cultivation method of the macadamia nuts interplanting with the watermelons disclosed by the invention, through scientific water fertilizer management and density control, layout optimization and utilization of land resources are achieved, a soil structure is improved, weed growth is inhibited, water and soil erosion is reduced, the activity of soil animals is shielded, and a biological service function is improved; moreover, the production cost of farmers is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased.

A method and system reprocess soiled animal bedding material commingled with animal manure. In one aspect the soiled animal bedding material is separated in a shaker to send at least a preponderance the manure to a holding tank. In another aspect the bedding is cleaned, rinsed and color is restored. The bedding material is subsequently dried and a bedding product, fertilizer product, and / or compacted product is formed. Alternatively, the bedding material is dried (without a compacting step) to form a product. In another aspect, the steps of separation, cleaning, rinsing and / or color restoration may be omitted.

The invention provides a coulter with a bionic cladding layer on the surface. The coulter is characterized in that the bionic cladding layer is arranged on the outer surface of a base body of a ploughwall, and the shape of the bionic cladding layer is prepared into a pit type, a convex hull type, a scale type or a rib type according to the non-smooth surfaces of body surfaces of soil animals; andthe coulter further comprises a plough share, and an iron-based cladding layer is arranged on the outer surface of a base body of the plough share. The invention further provides a preparation methodof the coulter with the bionic cladding layer on the surface. The bionic cladding layer is prepared through a laser 3D printing method, and the iron-based cladding layer is prepared through a synchronous laser cladding method. According to the coulter and the method, the bionic cladding layer on the surface of the plough wall has good erosion abrasive wear resistance, and the iron-based claddinglayer on the surface of the plough share has good impact abrasive wear resistance, so that the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the coulter during ploughing are greatly improved, and the coulter has the advantages of being long in service life, small in friction coefficient, small in tillage resistance and the like.

The invention provides a quantitative collection box of little arthropod soil animals. The quantitative collection box comprises a box body and a separation and collection device, wherein the separation and collection device is arranged in the box body; a heating device is arranged on a top cover of the box body; a refrigerating device is arranged at the bottom of the box body; the separation and collection device comprises a sample holder, a bearing plate and one or more separator-collectors; the bearing plate is arranged on the sample holder and is provided with bearing holes; each separator-collector is arranged in the corresponding bearing hole and comprises a sample cup, a sieving net, a net hoop and a collection vessel; and each sieving net is arranged at the lower end of the corresponding sample cup and then is connected with the corresponding collection vessel after being fixed by the corresponding net hoop. The quantitative collection box disclosed by the invention can be applied to separation of the little arthropod soil animals and can accurately quantify the little arthropod soil animals in a soil sample. Moreover, the quantitative collection box provides a lucifugal environment so as to prevent easily-photolyzed substances in soil from being decomposed, and thus the actual condition of the soil can be really reflected.

The invention discloses a dry land soil animal numeral field and a construction method thereof. The dry land soil animal numeral field comprises at least one dry land capable of being used for a long time, an automatic monitoring device and an electric power supply device, and the distance between every two dry lands is more than 200 m; a square sample plot is arranged in the center of each dry field, and a certain distance is reserved between the sample plot and the edge of the dry field so as to avoid the edge effect; permanent landmarks are respectively arranged at four corners of the sample plot according to the geographic position, or fences are arranged at the boundary of the dry farmland where the sample plot is located; the interior of each sample plot is divided into a plurality of square grids by basic units, and the automatic monitoring equipment and the power supply equipment are arranged around the sample plot, underground, earth surface or overhead. According to the invention, the field dry land soil animal numeral sample plot is digitalized; namely, the digitalized, automatic and intelligent sample plot with full space coverage, all-weather time and three-dimensional samples is realized in three dimensions of space, time and soil animal diversity.

The invention provides a collection and separation device for soil animals. The collection and separation device comprises a container body internally provided with attracting substances, wherein thecontainer body is a cone-shaped body of which the upper end is provided with an opening, the cone base is in a spinal shape, an inner cavity of the container body is internally provided with separation ladder plate groups in a ladder shape from top to bottom, the middles of separation ladder plates are provided with screens, and an umbrella-shaped anti-escape structure is formed by extending to the inner wall of the lower portion of the container body from the edges of the screens; the separation ladder plate on the top layer is provided with a guide plate, the guide plate extends to the screen of the separation ladder plate on the top layer from the top end of the inner wall of the container body to form a bowl-shaped converging guide structure, and sieve holes of the screen of the separation ladder plate on each layer gradually decrease from top to bottom. Multiple layers of the separation ladder plates are provided with sieve holes gradually decreasing from top to bottom, the animals of smaller body shape can fall onto the bottoms of the container body, and the animals of larger body shape can fall onto the separation ladder plate on each layer in sequence, thereby classifiedlytrapping the soil animals, reducing the later sorting difficulties, and improving the work efficiency.