25 results about "Litter decomposition" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a biochar-based immobilized microbial agent for promoting litter decomposition and a preparation method thereof.The biochar-based immobilized microbial agent for promoting litter decomposition comprises a biochar-based culture medium and a microbial seed solution, the active ingredient of the microbial seed solution is phanerochaete chrysosporium, and the preservation number is SHBCC D13411. According to the invention, the adsorption efficiency of the microbial agent is enhanced through the iron-modified biochar, and a habitat suitable for development and reproduction is provided for microorganisms; on the other hand, the biochar has very strong hygroscopicity, water molecules can be adsorbed on the surface, and a suitable growth environment is provided for microorganisms, so that the microorganisms are promoted to decompose litters.

The invention discloses a field miniature PVC litter decomposition experiment ring which comprises a miniature ring structure, observation opening structures are oppositely formed in the outer surface of the miniature ring structure, a nylon net structure with the pore diameter of 5 mm is glued in an inner cavity of one observation opening structure, a nylon net structure with the pore diameter of 50 microns is glued in the other observation opening structure, and the inner cavity of the other observation opening structure is glued with a nylon net structure with the pore diameter of 50 microns. The top of the outer ring of the miniature ring structure is sleeved with a disassembly and assembly ring, and a cover net structure which is in a stretched state and has the aperture of 50 micrometers is glued to the top of the disassembly and assembly ring. Firstly, the influence of microenvironment interference and physical limitation in the litter decomposition process is solved, and the situation that the decomposition rate deviates from a true value due to litter compaction and rainfall erosion in the environment is avoided; secondly, the problem that a litter mesh bag method changes the feeding preference of soil animals is solved, it is ensured that the decomposition behavior is consistent with the natural state, and finally, due to the fact that the decomposition process is protected by the miniature environment, the influence of human factors and large animals is avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of decomposition test equipment, and discloses a solar radiation litter decomposition device which comprises a base, a shell is rotatably mounted on the base, and a decomposition box is mounted in the shell; the light filtering film group is used for filtering light in different spectral ranges; the switching assembly is used for switching the filtering range of the filtering film group; the disturbance assembly is used for disturbing litters by utilizing wind power in the experiment process; and the rotating assembly is used for driving the decomposition box to rotate by utilizing wind power in the experiment process. Through the arrangement of the disturbance assembly, the multiple sliding rods are matched to enable the nylon pad to form wavy fluctuating motion, and the nylon pad can drive litters on the surface of the nylon pad to move through the wavy fluctuating motion, so that an air retention layer on the surface of the nylon pad is broken, air flow is promoted, and the contact frequency of the litters with oxygen and light is increased; therefore, test progress is accelerated and test efficiency is improved.

The present application belongs to the field of ecology and environmental monitoring technology, and relates to a kind of detection and analysis method for decomposition rate of leguminous sand-fixing shrub litter in field.The present application screens sample area by system grid method, collects and lays out litter bag, synchronously determines initial and current nitrogen content of soil, calculates net increment of soil nitrogen, determines horizontal diffusion boundary of nitrogen, and then obtains soil absorbed nitrogen amount;obtains equivalent dry matter loss amount based on nitrogen balance calibration, and finally determines litter decomposition rate by exponential decay fitting.The method solves the decomposition rate estimation deviation problem caused by nitrogen migration and soil absorption in traditional detection, can more accurately reflect the actual decomposition process in field, improves the reliability of monitoring data, and provides reliable technical support for nutrient cycling research and ecological restoration effect evaluation of desert ecosystem.

The present application relates to the field of environmental analysis, in particular to a forest litter decomposition rate estimation method, system, device and storage medium. The present application aims at the problems of long cycle, great environmental influence, time-consuming and laborious of the existing nylon mesh bag method for determining the forest litter decomposition rate, and the problem of being unable to carry out decomposition research on large-scale forests, and provides a forest litter decomposition rate estimation method, system, device and storage medium, measures and calculates the current year input of the forest litter p and the annual input increment, determines the residual rate constant r of the forest litter through experimental method or searching for relevant data in the past, and combines the residual rate constant r with the OLson single index decomposition model of the forest litter to establish a solution equation of the forest litter decomposition rate. This method has short cycle, does not need to be measured in the field regularly and frequently, has small environmental influence, the parameters and variables in the equation are easy to obtain, time and labor are saved, and decomposition rate research can be carried out on large-scale forests.

The invention discloses a method and system for simulating litter decomposition function feedback under salinity gradient, and belongs to the technical field of ecological environment simulation testing, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a target salinity gradient curve, and controlling a multi-channel layered salt liquid supply device to form a dynamic salinity gradient environment in a decomposition reactor; litters are placed in a rotatable litter bearing net basket, dynamic coupling of the litters and the salt environment is achieved through rotation, and motion trail data are generated; environment parameters are collected and degradation product parameters are obtained through an in-situ sensor array in combination with litter movement track data; generating a salinity regulation and control instruction through multi-modal data fusion and collaborative feedback analysis; and dynamically adjusting the output of the salt liquid supply device to correct the salinity gradient environment. According to the method, a closed-loop control strategy of dynamic coupling, in-situ sensing, cooperative feedback and self-adaptive correction is adopted, and simulation and quantitative analysis of the bidirectional coupling relation between the decomposition process and the environmental factors can be achieved.

The application provides a mature rubber tree fertilization method based on nutrient circulation, which comprises the following steps: step one, establishing a relational expression Y i = litter decomposition + rainfall input + tree leaching + artificial fertilization; Y o = tree absorption + surface runoff; step two, using the soil nutrient balance principle, i.e. nutrient input Y i = nutrient output Y o , the above formula is brought into, and litter decomposition + rainfall input + tree leaching + artificial fertilization = tree absorption + surface runoff is obtained; step three, through nutrient calculation and data analysis, a function relationship between the recommended amount of fertilization Y f of the mature rubber tree and the tree age X is fitted, i.e. Y f =aX 2 +bX+c; the application solves the contradiction that the fertilization management does not meet the production demand caused by the problems such as single rubber tree fertilization formula, old diagnosis technology and difficult-to-determine test analysis index, and has good yield-increasing effect and production practicability.

The invention discloses a device for accelerating decomposition of forest litters, which relates to the technical field of forest treatment, and comprises a traction mechanism for providing power, a plurality of self-adjusting collecting mechanisms for collecting ground litters, and a transmission mechanism for connecting the self-adjusting collecting mechanisms and enabling the self-adjusting collecting mechanisms to move, the outer diameter adjustable mechanism is used for controlling the unfolding diameters of the multiple self-adjusting collecting mechanisms, and the storage mechanism is used for synchronously changing along with the size changes of the self-adjusting collecting mechanisms and collecting litters at the same time. By means of the self-adjusting collecting mechanism, fixed objects buried in soil can be effectively avoided, when objects with large mass are collected, the objects can be automatically discarded, damage to the smashing mechanism is avoided, in the collecting process, the unfolding width of a collecting roller can be adjusted according to gaps between trees, and the collecting efficiency is improved. While normal walking among trees can be ensured, litters in the area can be treated as soon as possible, so that the effect of accelerating decomposition of the litters is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecology and environmental monitoring, and relates to a field decomposition rate detection and analysis method for leguminous sand-fixing shrub litters. The method comprises the following steps: screening a sample area through a system grid method, collecting and arranging litter bags, synchronously measuring initial and current nitrogen contents of soil, calculating a soil nitrogen net increment, determining a nitrogen transverse diffusion boundary, and further obtaining the nitrogen absorption amount of the soil; the equivalent dry matter loss amount is obtained based on nitrogen element balance calibration, and finally the litter decomposition rate is determined through exponential decay fitting. According to the method, the problem of decomposition rate estimation deviation caused by nitrogen migration and soil absorption in traditional detection is solved, the actual field decomposition process can be reflected more accurately, the reliability of monitoring data is improved, and reliable technical support is provided for desert ecosystem nutrient cycle research and ecological restoration effect evaluation.

The utility model relates to a field in-situ litter decomposition ring combined with light treatment, which aims to solve the technical problem of single function of the existing field litter decomposition test device, and adopts the technical scheme that the field in-situ litter decomposition ring comprises an outer cylinder, a separation net, a fixed frame, a ring cover and a filter film, an exchange hole is formed in the upper portion of the outer barrel, the separation net is placed in the outer barrel to cover the exchange hole and the bottom of the fixing frame, the fixing frame comprises a lower fixing ring, an upper fixing ring and a supporting column, the upper fixing ring is connected with the lower fixing ring through the supporting column, and the fixing frame is placed in the separation net to serve as a support. The ring cover comprises a ring cover inserting part and a fixing part, a clamping groove is formed in the bottom of the joint of the ring cover inserting part and the fixing part, the filter film covers the bottom face of the fixing part, and the outer cylinder and the upper end of the fixing frame are inserted into the clamping groove. Through the split design of the decomposition ring and the ring cover and the combination of the in-situ decomposition tracking device and the illumination adjusting treatment device, the in-situ decomposition tracking device and the illumination adjusting treatment device are integrated in function, and the research on the influence of solar radiation on the transfer of litter carbon to the soil carbon library can be realized.

The invention discloses a protective farming planting mode for covering mixed sowing of crops and a matched device, and belongs to the technical field of protective farming plants.The protective farming planting mode comprises a no-tillage planter, a connecting frame used for being connected with a tractor is installed on the no-tillage planter, supporting plates are installed at the two ends of the connecting frame, a main support is installed on the connecting frame, and the main support is provided with a plurality of supporting rods; a fertilizing box is mounted on the main bracket and the connecting frame, a rack is further mounted on the main bracket, and a plurality of groups of cross beams for supporting are mounted at the lower end of the rack; soil erosion can be effectively reduced, the active root system conveys secretions to the soil in the growth period, diversified carbon and nutrients can be input into the soil through rhizosphere deposition, litter decomposition and residue returning, organic carbon accumulation is increased, nutrient effectiveness is improved, the soil microenvironment is improved, and the soil biodiversity is improved; cultivation of healthy soil is of great significance to reasonable utilization of resources and improvement of cultivated land quality.

The application discloses a kind of for decomposing forest litter composite microbial inoculant, preparation method and its application method, it is related to litter decomposition technical field.The application includes a kind of for decomposing forest litter composite microbial inoculant preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1.to Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trichoderma reesei and ropegillus catenulatum are respectively carried out directional metabolism preactivation;S2.the three preactivation wet bacteria bodies obtained in step S1 are mixed according to the fresh weight ratio of Phanerochaete chrysosporium:Trichoderma reesei:ropegillus catenulatum 3:2:1, obtain mixed bacteria body;S3.mixed bacteria body is mixed with the straw carrier that is preprocessed by steam explosion according to the mass ratio of bacteria body fresh weight:carrier dry weight 1:2, under the condition of temperature 28 DEG C, relative humidity 92~95%, stationary culture 72 hours, carry out phased micro-perturbation aeration, construct physical symbiosis;S4.the material obtained in step S3 is dried to 15% moisture content at 40 DEG C, obtain composite microbial inoculant;Efficient and stable decomposition of pine forest litter is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of forestry monitoring, in particular to a forestry carbon sink dynamic monitoring method and system based on multi-source image data, and the method comprises the steps: collecting multi-source data to form a multi-source data set; inverting vegetation biomass and carbon density, initial reserve of organic carbon in surface soil and annual input of litter; calculating the decomposition rate and residual quantity of the litter according to the meteorological data; based on the soil initial carbon reserve, the litter input quantity and the microbial respiratory capacity, calculating the soil carbon library variation; integrating the dynamic process of the carbon library, and calculating the vegetation carbon variation and the total carbon sequestration amount per month; repeating the steps S1 to S4 periodically, updating data and parameters, and outputting a periodic carbon sequestration amount; and accumulating data to generate an annual carbon sink dynamic curve and a spatial distribution map. The dynamic carbon sequestration process is completely reflected, and the deviation with the actual carbon sequestration capacity is eliminated.

The invention discloses a device and an estimation method for contribution of soil animals to decomposition of forest litter, the device comprises a net post, the top end and the bottom end of the net post are respectively provided with a net cover and a net bottom, the net cover is connected with the top of the net post through a zipper, and the net bottom is fixedly connected with the bottom of the net post; the net columns, the net cover and the net bottom are all made of nylon nets, and the diameter of net holes of the nylon nets ranges from 50 micrometers to 5 millimeters. And soil animals are arranged in the net columns. Compared with a nylon net bag method for testing the influence of soil animals on litter decomposition, a planar litter bag is changed into the three-dimensional litter decomposition column, the large three-dimensional space can reduce changes of hydrothermal conditions in the net caused by separation of a nylon net, the hydrothermal conditions in the decomposition column are closer to the nature, and the litter decomposition effect is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the net cover prevents litters in the decomposition column from flowing away and litters outside the decomposition column from entering, so that the accuracy of decomposition determination of the litters and the accuracy of determination of influence on physical and chemical properties of soil in the decomposition process are improved.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of litter decomposition, and discloses a method for estimating the efficiency of inputting organic carbon into the soil through litter decomposition. The sampling point selection of the present invention is flexible, which is convenient for conducting experiments. The PVC ring method is used to monitor litter decomposition, which enables the litter to be in direct contact with the soil, ensuring good ventilation to promote the normal metabolic activities of microorganisms during the decomposition process, and can better simulate the actual conditions in different ecosystems, thereby improving the applicability and universality of the method. At the same time, the part of carbon lost in the gaseous state during the decomposition of litter can be dynamically monitored, thereby accurately evaluating the input efficiency of organic carbon into the soil, and providing a scientific basis for improving the carbon sequestration function of forest soil and the sustainability of the ecosystem.

The invention discloses a greenhouse gas emission indoor culture device for simulating decomposition of lake litters, and belongs to the technical field of environmental science and ecological experiment devices. Comprising a culture tank, a litter fixing device, a closed air chamber, a three-phase sampling unit, a pressure balance module and a temperature control module, a sediment-water covering-air chamber three-layer structure is formed in the culture tank, and a lake water-mud interface and a water-air interface are accurately simulated; the litter fixing device is fixed on a water covering layer or a sediment layer and is adaptive to different types of litters; the three-phase sampling unit synchronously collects water-dissolved greenhouse gas in a gas chamber, a water body and a sediment gap; the pressure balance module ensures pressure stability of the closed space. The device solves the problems that an existing device cannot accurately simulate the lake microenvironment, gas collection is not comprehensive, and environment control is insufficient, has the advantages of being convenient to operate, high in collection precision and suitable for indoor batch experiments, and can be widely applied to lake litter decomposition and greenhouse gas emission research.

The invention relates to a dynamic test device and method for studying forest litter in-situ cumulative decomposition, the dynamic test device comprises a fixing frame and an upper layer frame and a lower layer frame which are respectively arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the fixing frame, the upper layer frame is used for collecting litter and can realize yield dynamic study of the litter, and the lower layer frame is used for simulating in-situ litter decomposition. The litter decomposition dynamic research can be achieved, the upper-layer frame body and the lower-layer frame body each comprise a plurality of frame edges and a frame bottom arranged at the bottoms of the frame edges, and the frame bottoms are connected with part of the frame edges through zipper assemblies so that the frame bottoms can be conveniently opened. The device has the advantages of being simple in structure, light in material, durable, reliable, low in price, convenient to carry and easy to install, the research method is simple and convenient to operate, the litter in-situ accumulation and decomposition process is truly reduced, and the research result more truly reflects the natural forest litter decomposition change process.

The application discloses a device and method for monitoring forest litter decomposition rate, which comprises a sealed monitoring container, an internal sampling part for placing litter samples, and integrated gas concentration sensors, carbon dioxide sensors and carbon removal modules with carbon removal functions. The carbon removal module is connected with a weighing module for monitoring the carbon dioxide absorption amount through mass change. The application realizes quantitative evaluation of the litter decomposition process by real-time collection of dynamic changes of gas concentration in the monitoring space, combination of temperature and humidity environmental factors, and use of a decomposition rate correlation model constructed based on the principle of microbial metabolism. Compared with the traditional mass difference method, the application can effectively shield external environmental interference, realize in-situ, high-frequency and accurate real-time monitoring, and provide scientific data support for forest ecosystem carbon cycle research.

The invention provides a combined mesh bag device for evaluating the decomposition function of different types of soil food webs. The combined mesh bag device comprises a first mesh bag, a second mesh bag, a third mesh bag and a fourth mesh bag, the mesh holes are 0.02 mm, 0.75 mm, 3mm and 5mm respectively, the first mesh bag, the second mesh bag, the third mesh bag and the fourth mesh bag are arranged into a square combined mesh bag, and the first mesh bag, the second mesh bag, the third mesh bag and the fourth mesh bag in the square combined mesh bag are fixedly connected through buffer strips among the mesh bags. The square combined mesh bag provides microorganisms for researching different types of soil food webs, 0.02 mm, fungi and bacteria; the thickness is 0.75 mm, and soil nematode food webs and microorganisms are added; 3 mm, a soil micro arthropod food web, a soil nematode food web and microorganisms; the method is a novel method for driving litter decomposition through a soil large-scale'nutrient whale 'food web, a soil micro arthropod food web, a soil nematode food web and microorganisms, quantitative evaluation of the decomposition function of the soil food web is achieved, and the method is efficient and practical.

The present application belongs to the technical field of plant litter treatment device, and provides a litter decomposition and compaction treatment device. The litter decomposition and compaction treatment device comprises a barrel part, a compaction part and a centrifugal part. The barrel part comprises a main barrel and a rotating inner barrel. The rotating inner barrel is rotatably installed in the main barrel. The compaction part comprises a support group frame, a compaction block and a support slide rail. The support slide rail is installed in the rotating inner barrel at not less than one place. One end of the support group frame is installed on the support slide rail. The centrifugal part is installed in the barrel part, wherein the centrifugal part comprises a centrifugal drum. The other end of the support group frame is installed on the centrifugal drum and is in transmission connection with the rotating inner barrel. Litter is placed in the centrifugal drum, and the compaction block is placed on the surface layer of the litter, and the compaction block is located in the centrifugal drum. The treatment device can be used on a wider range of soil.

The protective tillage planting mode and supporting device of mixed cover crop planting disclosed by the present invention belong to the field of protective tillage planting technology, including a no-till seeder, wherein the no-till seeder is equipped with a connecting frame for connecting to a tractor, support plates are installed at both ends of the connecting frame, a main frame is installed on the connecting frame, a fertilizer box is installed on the main frame and the connecting frame, a frame is also installed on the main frame, and multiple groups of cross beams for support are installed at the lower end of the frame; soil erosion can be effectively reduced, and during its growth period, the active root system transports secretions to the soil, and through rhizosphere deposition, litter decomposition and residue return, diversified carbon and nutrients can be input into the soil, increasing organic carbon accumulation and also improving nutrient effectiveness, improving soil microenvironment, and increasing soil biodiversity. Cultivating healthy soil is of great significance to the rational use of resources and improvement of cultivated land quality.

The present invention provides a device, system, method, apparatus, and medium for identifying the degree of litter decomposition. The device comprises a measuring cylinder for placing a litter sample, with the sample volume controlled by a compression plug. A data acquisition module measures the sample's conductivity and moisture content via electrodes on the inner wall of the measuring cylinder. A color sensor is installed within a measuring cylinder base below the measuring cylinder, located below a lens mounted on the upper surface of the measuring cylinder base. The data acquisition module can acquire the sample's grayscale value via the color sensor. The device can rapidly acquire the sample's conductivity, volumetric moisture content, and grayscale value without temporal or spatial differences, ensuring consistent measurement conditions. The acquired conductivity, volumetric moisture content, and grayscale value parameters can also be transmitted to a host computer, enabling the host computer to incorporate the parameters into corresponding support vector machine and radial basis function neural network models for identifying forest stand decomposition levels and output the current forest litter sample decomposition level.

The present invention discloses a multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device in the field of soil analysis technology, comprising a signal-connected monitoring system and a monitoring device, the monitoring device comprising a monitoring tank, a drive box fixedly connected to the top wall of the monitoring tank, a drive assembly provided in the drive box, a rotatable processing assembly provided in the monitoring tank, symmetrical support grooves provided on the inner wall of the monitoring tank, weighing sensors fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the support grooves, the ends of the weighing sensors away from the support grooves being fixedly connected to the two ends of the processing assembly, a plurality of traction assemblies fixedly connected to the drive assembly, and the ends of the traction assemblies located outside the monitoring tank being fixedly connected to the experimental assembly. The present invention fixes the decomposition bag by wires and electric clamps to prevent data loss caused by displacement of the decomposition bag, and performs on-site leaf litter recovery and data monitoring and collection by the processing assembly, thereby reducing manual workload.

The invention provides a method and a system for simulating coupling change of a plant nitrogen library and a soil nitrogen library, and the system comprises a plant nitrogen library dynamic simulation module, a soil nitrogen library dynamic simulation module, a litter decomposition and nitrogen release module, a litter decomposition and nitrogen release module and a soil nitrogen library dynamic simulation module. A plant nitrogen library dynamic simulation module, a soil nitrogen library dynamic simulation module and a litter decomposition and nitrogen release module are coupled, and a complete plant-soil system nitrogen cycle kinetic model is integrated by defining and quantifying nitrogen flux among the modules; and operating the nitrogen cycle kinetic model, and outputting dynamic simulation results of the plant nitrogen library, the soil nitrogen library and each nitrogen flux changing along with time. The internal mechanism of coupling change of the plant nitrogen reservoir and the soil nitrogen reservoir is researched by simulating the change of the nitrogen content under different conditions. The coupling mechanism between the plant and the soil nitrogen reservoir is disclosed, the dynamic change of the coupling mechanism is accurately simulated, and the method has important scientific significance for promoting ecological protection and ecological restoration.

The present application relates to the technical field of biological agent preparation, and particularly relates to a biological agent for accelerating litter decomposition and improving soil fertility, a preparation method and application thereof.The biological agent comprises 20-35 parts of microbial inoculum, 15-25 parts of humus, 10-18 parts of porous carrier, 3-8 parts of citric acid chelate salt and 2-5 parts of slow-release agent.The biological agent prepared according to the components of the present application can degrade the content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in litter, and improve the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium and available phosphorus in soil, thereby providing a basis for effective degradation of litter.