According to the degradable
basalt fiber and the preparation method thereof, by modifying
fiber components, controlling the content of P2O5 and CaO and by means of the unsaturated metastable state of
phosphorus-
oxygen double bonds in a
phosphorus-
oxygen tetrahedron, the
solubility is increased, the degradation capacity of the
fiber is improved, however, the larger the
mass ratio of a
phosphorus-containing compound is, the larger the mechanical influence on the fiber is, and the
mechanical property of the fiber is improved. Therefore, the
mass ratio of P2O5 is controlled
not to exceed 8%, CaO does not belong to a glass network forming body structure, degradation performance can be improved to a certain extent after introduction of the
mass ratio is improved, but mechanical performance of the fiber can be reduced after excessive introduction, so that the
mass ratio of
calcium oxide is controlled to be between 8% and 17%, and the degradation performance of the fiber is improved. The degradation capability is enhanced while the
mechanical property of the
basalt fiber is ensured, the harm to a
human body is reduced, the waste fiber is promoted to be degraded more quickly, and the
basalt fiber has the characteristics of greenness,
environmental protection and high
biological safety.