The invention provides a system architecture for cross-block-chain open data sharing under a heterogeneous multi-chain architecture. The system architecture comprises (1) an application layer, including an OpenData module, an intelligent contract module, a multi-account-book query module and a data analysis module; (2) a multi-chain protocol, including a cross-chain transmission protocol applied to a transaction standard and a transmission mode, a cross consistency protocol applied to transaction confirmation and transaction feedback, a heterogeneous block chain cross-chain data communicationand transaction protocol, routing management applied to gateway management and number management, and a multi-chain management strategy applied to longitudinal management and transverse management; (3) a middleware layer applied to transactions and query outside block chains and synchronous keys inside the block chains for establishing blocks and achieving voting and broadcast functions; (4) a basic block chain layer, including Fabric, Ethereum, Bitcoin and Corda; and (5) a basic platform layer based on a cloud environment and a virtual machine. The system architecture helps a user to securelyshare data and service provided by a third party, and the problem of "data splitting" is solved.