65 results about "Vegetable fibers" patented technology

The invention discloses a preparation method of water-soluble white tomato freeze-dried powder, which comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating fresh white tomatoes, and then crushing and pulping to obtain white tomato pulp; s2, adding cellulase and pectinase into the white tomato pulp obtained in the step S1, and then performing low-temperature enzymolysis treatment to obtain white tomato enzymatic hydrolysate; s3, the white tomato enzymatic hydrolysate obtained in the step S2 is filtered to remove residues, and white tomato enzymatic hydrolysate filtrate is obtained; and S4, adding soluble plant fibers into the white tomato enzymolysis filtrate obtained in the step S3, performing low-temperature mixing, performing low-temperature sterilization treatment, and then performing freeze-drying to prepare powder, thereby obtaining the water-soluble white tomato freeze-dried powder. The process is relatively simple, nutritional ingredients of the white tomatoes can be completely reserved, and the prepared freeze-dried powder is excellent in water solubility and can be applied to the fields of oral liquid, cosmetics and the like.

The disclosure relates to compositions including a constituent—A, which constituent—A consists of a polylysine component, a XL-component, and a fibrous component which fibrous component consists of at least one fibrous element which fibrous element includes vegetable fibers, and where the fibrous element is free of any fibers other than the vegetable fibers, where and the composition is free of any fibers other than the vegetable fibers of the fibrous component. The disclosure further relates to processes for obtaining an object from the compositions. The disclosure further relates to objects such as sheets, tapes, sticks, strips, films, cloths, containers, boards, panels, beams, frames, planks, engineered wood e.g. fibreboards obtained by said processes.

The present disclosure generally relates to the use of plant fibers or starch for enhancing the taste or texture of fermented dairy products and dairy analogue products. In some embodiments, the dairy product analog product is a vegetarian yogurt product formed by fermentation of plant milk (e.g., soymilk, almond milk, hazelnut milk, sesame milk, pistachio milk, potato milk, banana milk, flaxseed milk, macadamia nut milk, cashew milk, oat milk, hemp plant milk, coconut milk, and pea source milk). In some embodiments, the plant fibers include pectin, inulin, fruit fibers (e.g., apple or citrus fibers), starch, oat fibers, pea fibers, alginate fibers, and any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the enhancement of taste or texture includes reduction of green plant taste, reduction of sourness, increase of sweetness, reduction of bitter taste, reduction of astringent taste, increase of compactness, reduction of granular sensation, increase of consistency, increase of mouth feel, or any combination thereof. In certain related forms, the present disclosure provides edible compositions comprising fermented plant milk and plant fibers or starch.

To provide a resin card medium capable of laminating a substrate mounted with an electronic component by hot-pressing at a temperature lower than a melting point of a used resin material, and a method for manufacturing the same.SOLUTION: The resin card medium comprises: an electronic substrate mounted with the electronic component; and an upper vegetable fiber-containing resin layer that contains vegetable fibers, has a cavity for accommodating the electronic component, and is laminated on the electronic substrate on a side where the electronic component is mounted. A space is formed between a lateral face of the electronic component and an inner wall face of the cavity.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1E

The disclosure provides an oral composition adapted for oral use that includes sugarcane plant fiber in addition to one or more active ingredients, flavorants, or combinations thereof. The oral composition can be, for example, a pouched product wherein the oral composition is a particulate composition enclosed within a water-permeable pouch.

The invention relates to a starch-based foaming poultry egg fresh-keeping material, a poultry egg fresh-keeping box and a preparation method thereof. The starch-based foaming poultry egg fresh-keeping material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of starch, 20-30 parts of plant fiber powder, 3-5 parts of bionic water channel material powder, 3-5 parts of a foaming agent, 3-5 parts of a surfactant, 0.3-0.5 part of a nucleating agent, 1-3 parts of an adhesive and 20-30 parts of water. The preparation method of the bionic water channel material powder comprises the following steps: adding carbon nanotubes into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, uniformly stirring and mixing, then adding cyclodextrin, uniformly stirring, and spray-drying, so that the bionic water channel material powder can be obtained, bacterial breeding on the surfaces of poultry eggs can be inhibited, and the preservation time of the poultry eggs can be prolonged.

A wrapping machine (1) for wrapping a load (100) with a band (50) made of a cellulose and / or vegetable fibers based material, in particular paper, unwound from a reel (51) comprises an upright (3), a moving carriage (4) movable along the support upright (3), unwinding apparatus (5) for supporting a reel (51) of band and provided with roller means (20) for unwinding the band (50), moving means (2; 62; 72) for moving said upright (3; 63; 73) and said load (100) around each other for a plurality of wrapping turns and a supporting arm (10) supporting pressure means (11) and cutting means (12) respectively to press a portion of the band (50) on the load (100) at the end of the wrapping and to cut the band (50); the unwinding apparatus (5) is fixed to the moving carriage (4) rotatably about a tilt axis (S) to tilt along with the band (50) during the wrapping of the load (100) and the supporting arm (10) is rotatably fixed to the moving carriage (4) about a rotation axis (X) so as to rotate between a non-operating position (A), in which the pressure means (11) and the cutting means (12) are spaced apart from the load (100), and an operating position (B), in which they are substantially in contact with the load (100).

The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, and discloses a composite functional feed additive as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite functional feed additive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-80 parts of antibacterial peptide, 1-15 parts of tannic acid and 10-100 parts of a plant fiber carrier. According to the additive, expressions of key antioxidant genes such as sod1, cat, gst and gr in the liver are remarkably up-regulated on the molecular level, and it is indicated that an Nrf2 signal channel is successfully activated, so that the endogenous antioxidant defense capacity of cells is enhanced from the source; in the immune level, the additive can effectively regulate inflammatory response, remarkably down-regulate expression of proinflammatory factors and apoptosis genes, up-regulate expression of anti-inflammatory factors and improve the activity of immune enzymes such as lysozyme, so that excessive inflammation and cell apoptosis are inhibited, and the immune homeostasis is maintained; when the feed is used for aquaculture, the oxidative stress of livers of aquatic animals can be remarkably relieved, cell apoptosis is inhibited, and the disease resistance is improved.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly breathable biomass square brick with adsorption and purification functions and a preparation method of the environment-friendly breathable biomass square brick, and belongs to building decoration materials. The invention provides an environment-friendly breathable biomass square brick with adsorption and purification functions. The environment-friendly breathable biomass square brick is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 15-20 parts of plant fibers, 15-25 parts of building aggregate waste particles, 30-50 parts of calcium hydroxide and 30-50 parts of water. Natural or waste raw materials are adopted, and aldehyde-containing components are not used; through the synergistic effect of soybean meal protein and calcium hydroxide, the structural strength of the brick body is enhanced; protein in the soybean meal is crosslinked with calcium ions to form a water-resistant structure; active components in the porous structure and the soybean meal can continuously adsorb and decompose harmful gases such as formaldehyde, rich amino groups in protein can capture formaldehyde molecules in air, chemical crosslinking is carried out, and effective formaldehyde fixation is achieved; industrial by-products and construction wastes are utilized, so that the method conforms to the concept of green circular economy.

This application provides a Sichuan pepper compound functional wine and its preparation method. Addressing the shortcomings of traditional Sichuan pepper wines, such as low dissolution rate of active ingredients, bitter flavor, nutrient waste, and poor stability, this application utilizes a gradient solvent extraction method to separate water-soluble, alcohol-soluble, and oil-soluble components, thoroughly removing flavonoid bitter substances. After defatting and deproteinizing, cellulose and plant fiber are retained, and grain fermentation is added to prepare a flavoring wine, incorporating dietary fiber and active nutrients. Sichuan pepper essence, compound refined liquid, and fermented flavoring wine are mixed in a specific ratio to produce the finished product. This product possesses synergistic health benefits, including warming the middle jiao and dispelling cold, replenishing qi and blood, strengthening the spleen and removing dampness, and promoting blood circulation. It is gentle without being drying, nourishing without being greasy, suitable for large-scale industrial production and small-scale processing, and has significant practical value and market prospects.

This invention belongs to the field of meat preservation films in food packaging materials, specifically relating to a preservation film material. The invention employs a chemical precipitation method to deposit the metallic antibacterial agent silver oxide onto plant fibers, and adds tannic acid, a polyphenolic compound with excellent antioxidant properties, mixed with a polymer matrix and solvent to prepare a spinning precursor solution. Then, an antibacterial and antioxidant film is prepared by electrospinning. When applied to meat preservation, it can extend the shelf life of chilled meat by more than 6 days. This invention utilizes the reduction of silver ions released from silver oxide to nano-silver under the action of tannic acid, achieving a synergistic effect of antibacterial and antioxidant properties with tannic acid. It also possesses good mechanical properties and hydrophobicity, showing broad application prospects in the meat and fruit / vegetable preservation industries.

A plant-only replacement system for methylcellulose in food products is provided. The plant-only replacement system for methylcellulose is prepared by mixing a) 15-20% by weight of a plant-derived protein source, b) 10-25% by weight of a vegetable binding agent source, c) 15-20% by weight of a fruit, seed, and vegetable fiber sources, d) 15-20% by weight of a whole grain fiber source, and e) 5-15% by weight of a plant-derived starch source at a temperature ranging between 60 degree Celsius and 105 degree Celsius. The plant-only ingredients of the replacement system for methylcellulose effectively function as emulsifiers, stabilizers, texturizing, and thickening agents in food products, replacing the conventional, non-plant-derived, synthetic, or highly processed additives and ingredients.

The invention provides a method for preparing a high-smoothness paper pulp molded product for food packaging, which comprises the following steps: providing a paper pulp wet blank and carrying out pre-pressing treatment to obtain a pre-pressed blank body with the water content of 60-70wt%; spraying water-based slurry containing refined plant fibers of which the average length is not more than 0.5 mm on the surface of the pre-pressed green body; and then the sprayed blank is placed in a hot pressing mold, steam is exhausted under the pressure of 0.1-0.5 MPa, and then the blank is compacted and dried under the pressure of 1-5 MPa and the temperature of 130-200 DEG C, so that the slurry layer and the blank are jointly densified and fused into a whole in the dehydration process. The obtained product is free of net marks on the surface, low in roughness, resistant to linting and excellent in seepage prevention performance, does not need a petroleum-based coating, meets the food contact safety requirement, and is suitable for high-hygiene standard scenes such as high-grade food containers and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of papermaking, and particularly relates to oil-absorbing seepage-proofing packing paper for fried food and a preparation method of the oil-absorbing seepage-proofing packing paper. The preparation method of the oil-absorbing anti-seepage packing paper for fried food comprises the following steps: dissolving stearic acid in distilled water, and adding sodium hydroxide to obtain a solution A; dissolving sodium alginate powder in distilled water, and heating in a water bath to obtain a solution B; adding the solution A into the paper pulp, then adding the solution B and aluminum sulfate to prepare a mixture, diluting, then adding AKD (Alkyl Ketene Dimer), performing sheet making and drying, and finally coating a polyvinyl alcohol solution on the back surface of a paper sheet and drying to obtain the oil-absorbing anti-seepage packing paper for the fried food. The oil-absorbing impermeable packing paper for fried food is prepared by taking plant fiber as a main raw material in a manner of in-pulp addition and surface sizing, and has excellent oil absorption capacity; meanwhile, the oil-proof agent is coated on the single surface, so that the permeation of oil is prevented, and the requirements of the oil-absorbing and anti-seepage packing paper for fried food are met; the invention also provides a preparation method, the preparation process is simple, and the product can be obtained through one-step molding.

The invention belongs to the related technical field of degradable foaming tableware, and particularly relates to a thermoplastic starch foaming meal box and a preparation method thereof. The thermoplastic starch foaming meal box is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of a starch-based foaming material, 10-22 parts of a bioactive compound, 6-12 parts of a foaming agent, 3-6 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts of polyethylene, 2-8 parts of glycerol, 5-10 parts of organic clay and 25-35 parts of a natural polymer, the starch-based foaming material is prepared by blending plant starch and plant fibers; according to the invention, the plant starch and the plant fibers are blended, so that the prepared lunch box can form a three-dimensional network skeleton structure during foaming, and the foaming lunch box is prevented from generating gaps; a bioactive compound is adopted, so that the prepared foaming meal box is good in compression resistance; a microwave foaming mode is adopted to replace a traditional extrusion foaming mode, so that the prepared meal box can resist the temperature of 80 DEG C.

The invention discloses a urea and urease / nitrification inhibitor synchronous slow release type special nitrogen fertilizer for winter wheat as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of slow and controlled release fertilizer production. The urea, the urease / nitrification inhibitor, the plant fibers and the modified biochemical fulvic acid are pelletized and then coated, the raw materials are cheap, easy to obtain and environmentally friendly, the plant fibers and the modified biochemical fulvic acid can regulate slow release of the urease / nitrification inhibitor and have a synergistic effect on the urea, release and conversion of nitrogen are adjusted in a long-acting mode, and the nitrogen-rich fertilizer has a good application prospect. The release synchronism of nitrogen and the inhibitor is greatly improved. According to the fertilizer nutrient release characteristics and the winter wheat fertilizer requirement rule, synergistic coated fertilizers are added in different controlled release periods to be blended to prepare the winter wheat synchronous nutrition blended fertilizer, and topdressing is not needed when the fertilizer is applied once before sowing.

The application discloses cat litter and a preparation method thereof. The cat litter is a core-shell structure, and comprises the following components in mass fractions: non-food plant fibers: 100 parts, a clumping factor: 0.6-12 parts, a water absorption factor: 0.6-12 parts, a breeding improvement factor: 0.13-2.23 parts, a deodorization factor: 0.13-2.23 parts, and a mildew-proof factor: 0.13-2.23 parts; the surface shell layer comprises the following components in mass fractions: non-food plant fibers: 100 parts, a clumping factor: 99.5-600 parts, a water absorption factor: 3.33-100 parts, a breeding improvement factor: 33.3-300 parts, a deodorization factor: 3.33-100 parts, and a mildew-proof factor: 0.66-20 parts; and the mass ratio of the surface shell layer to the core is 1:(4-5). The cat litter has improved water absorption, clumping, low dust, water solubility, antibacterial and deodorization functions, and can be adapted to pet bedding of various intelligent cat toilets.

The present document describes a natural sweetener compositions and methods of making the same, and more particularly, the subject matter relates to sweetener compositions comprising natural sweetener syrup, optional addition of water, and defibrillated edible vegetable fiber, and methods of making the same. The document also describes methods for the preparation of spreadable food composition as well as methods for the preparation of natural sweetener syrup powders.

The invention relates to the field of material preparation, in particular to a degradable material with a solid waste base wrapped by biomass and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing vegetable oil, agriculture and forestry solid waste powder and the like to prepare a bio-based oil body sizing material component, mixing plant starch, plant fiber and the like to prepare a bio-based powder mixture component, mixing the bio-based oil body sizing material component and the bio-based powder mixture component, puffing, extruding and crushing to obtain a thermoplastic microporous sand grain material, and mixing the thermoplastic microporous sand grain material with solid waste powder to obtain a degradable material. And parameters such as types and particle sizes of the raw materials and temperatures and rotating speeds of related operations are also limited. The technical effects that the degradable material with the micropore structure is prepared from the biomass and the solid waste, solid waste resource utilization is achieved, and the material is biodegradable and good in environmental protection performance are achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of pet food, and particularly relates to a pet food composition containing nano-selenium as well as a preparation method and application of the pet food composition. The pet food composition containing nano-selenium disclosed by the invention is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.01 to 0.03 part of nano-coated selenium-rich component, 32 to 68 parts of animal protein, 16.5 to 19 parts of carbohydrate, 10 to 20 parts of fat, 6.5 to 8.5 parts of plant fiber, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of mineral substances and 1 to 3 parts of vitamin premix. According to the pet food composition containing nano-selenium disclosed by the invention, selenium-rich components are wrapped by a nano-hybrid coating technology, so that the stability and bioavailability of the pet food composition are improved, the immunity of pets can be enhanced, diseases can be prevented, and healthy growth of the pets can be promoted. Meanwhile, the composition is comprehensive in nutritional ingredients, the immunity of the pets is enhanced, and the allergic reaction of the pets can be reduced.

This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, specifically to a composite agent for deep dewatering of municipal sludge and its preparation method. By weight, it comprises the following raw materials: 25-45 parts modified biochar, 10-20 parts carboxymethylated plant fiber, 10-20 parts composite enzyme preparation, 5-15 parts filter aid, 5-15 parts bio-based flocculant, 2-6 parts protective agent, and 1-3 parts pH adjuster; wherein the modified biochar is grafted with quaternary ammonium groups. This composite agent, through the synergistic effects of enzymatic cell disruption, cationic charge neutralization, rigid framework, and dynamic covalent flocculation, can achieve deep dewatering of municipal sludge.

The invention discloses pueraria thomsonii formula granules and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, extracting and concentrating pueraria thomsonii medicinal material decoction pieces to obtain a concentrated solution; step 2, adding modified maltodextrin into the concentrated solution obtained in the step 1, and performing spray drying to obtain dry paste powder, wherein the modified maltodextrin is maltodextrin modified by a biological enzyme method; and 3, mixing the dry paste powder with auxiliary materials, and granulating to obtain the pueraria thomsonii formula granules. According to the technical scheme, an extraction process of effective components in the pachyrhizua angulatus medicinal decoction pieces is optimized, so that main active components (such as pachyrhizuin) are fully extracted, inactive components such as plant fibers and the like can be effectively removed, the pachyrhizua angulatus formula granules are relatively good in granule forming and uniform in granule size, and the utilization rate of the pachyrhizua angulatus formula granules is further increased.

To provide a method for producing a vegetable fiber-containing resin board, by which the vegetable fiber-containing resin board can more simply be produced at a low cost.SOLUTION: A laminated body forming step of sucking the mixed fibers 20 to a holding surface 33 of a sucking machine 32 provided with a plurality of sucking holes 34 to form a laminated body 10L on the holding surface 33, a moving step of moving the sucking machine 32 in a state of holding the laminated body 10L on the holding surface 33 between molding dies 40 having an upper die 41 and a lower die 45, an arranging step of releasing sucking of the sucking machine 32 to arrange the laminated body 10L on a die surface of the lower die 45, and a retracting step of retracting the sucking machine 32 from the molding dies 40; A heat-press forming step of closing the mold 40 and heat-press forming the side 10L of the laminate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Prepackaged charge of edible material powder for use in a beverage preparation system, comprising a rigid container body made of paper or cardboard, comprising a continuous side wall and a bottom wall made of piece with each other, obtained by processing vegetable fiber pulp derived from waste from the primary processing of seasonal crops such as sugarcane, rice cotton, hemp, sorghum, bamboo or the like, alone or in composition with each other, in which Kappa number of the vegetable fiber pulp is less than 2, and in which the walls of said container body are made in such a way that at least one face of said walls is continuous and compact, while the other face is discontinuous and wrinkled are capable of acting as a filter upon use, allowing the passage of infusion.

A process (1) for providing a frozen food (100) based on leavened and fried doughs, comprising the following steps: - a step (2) of mixing ingredients (4) chosen from water, flour, yeast, oil, enzymes, plant fibers, protein concentrates, hydrocolloids, soft cheeses, and natural colorings until a homogeneous dough (5) is provided; - a step (6) of depositing the dough (5) in a temperature- and humidity-controlled environment for a time comprised between 5 minutes and 500 minutes, preferably between 10 minutes and 120 minutes, even more preferably between 30 minutes and 60 minutes, for its rising; - a step (7) of rolling the leavened dough (5) until it is given a thickness comprised between 1 mm and 30 mm; - a step (10) of cutting a sheet (9) of dough (5) according to predefined shapes, obtaining semifinished products (11) made of a sheet (9) of dough (5); - a step (12) of industrial frying of the semifinished products (11) according to a method chosen from immersion frying in a continuous cycle oil bath, tunnel air frying in a continuous cycle, static immersion frying, static air frying, and the like; - a step (15) of freezing the food products (13).

The disclosure relates to compositions including a constituent-A, which constituent-A consists of a polylysine component, a XL-component, and a fibrous component which fibrous component consists of at least one fibrous element which fibrous element includes vegetable fibers, and where the fibrous element is free of any fibers other than the vegetable fibers, and where the composition is free of any fibers other than the vegetable fibers of the fibrous component. The disclosure further relates to processes for obtaining an object from the compositions. The disclosure further relates to objects such as sheets, tapes, sticks, strips, films, cloths, containers, boards, panels, beams, frames, planks, engineered wood e.g. fibreboards obtained by said processes.

Title: Improved Batch Packaging Device for at Least Two Containers The present invention relates to a batch packaging device (1) for at least two containers (2), said containers (2) being bottles with a base (3), a body (4) and a shoulder (5) connecting said body (4) to a neck (6), or cylindrical cans for example, said device comprising at least one sheet (8) of semi-rigid or rigid material, provided with at least two openings (9) for receiving the necks (6) of said containers (2), remarkable in that said sheet (8) is made of a raw structure based on cellulose and / or natural fibers obtained by forming said raw structure based on cellulose and / or natural fibers from an aqueous base slip and at least one decomposable and / or biodegradable vegetable fiber material in which is immersed a first mold having at least one impression of the sheet,said first mold being equipped with a vacuum suction system such that the cellulose and / or natural fibers suspended in the slip are suctioned into the cavity of the first mold, when the first mold is removed from the slip, additional vacuum suction being applied to reduce the water content of the cellulose and / or natural fibers, thus forming a sheet (8), then said sheet (8) positioned in the cavity of the first mold being pressed between said first mold and a second mold having at least one counter-cavity of said sheet (8) to reduce the water content and said sheet (8) being heated so as to obtain a two-dimensional or three-dimensional fibrous sheet (8) having a single-layer configuration. Figure 1,

The invention provides a high-strength environment-friendly stair tread which is composed of the following materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of a wood base material plate, 10-30 parts of natural plant fibers, 5-15 parts of a natural adhesive and 1-5 parts of a bio-base. According to the high-strength environment-friendly stair tread, the wood base material is reinforced by the directionally arranged natural plant fibers, the stress direction is accurately matched, and a replaceable bio-base edge protecting strip is matched, so that the strength of the stair tread is greatly improved; and secondly, natural materials and vegetable gum are adopted in the whole preparation step, chemical pollution is avoided, a protective edge can be replaced, overall discarding is reduced, the green sustainable concept is met, and resource consumption and environmental burden are reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of pet snack preparation, and particularly discloses a pet vegetarian snack preparation method based on vegetable protein.The method comprises the steps that soybean protein isolate and deionized water are mixed and stirred at the temperature of 35-45 DEG C to be swelled, then enzyme is added, the temperature is increased to 50-60 DEG C for enzymolysis, enzyme deactivation and centrifugation are conducted, and enzymatic hydrolysate is obtained; mixing pea protein powder, konjac glucomannan and corn starch, adding the enzymatic hydrolysate, and homogenizing to obtain slurry; adding plant fibers, a vitamin premix and potassium chloride into the slurry, and performing vacuum stirring and degassing to obtain a forming base material; preparing a semi-finished product from the molding base material through a twin-screw extruder at a specific temperature and a specific rotating speed; carrying out microwave drying on the semi-finished product until the moisture is less than or equal to 8% to form a primary blank, dipping in sodium alginate, carrying out cross-linking curing, draining, carrying out secondary drying in a hot air oven, cooling and packaging. The method overcomes the problem of vegetable protein processing, so that the snacks are balanced in nutrition, excellent in texture, appropriate in taste and stable in storage, meet the health requirements of pets, conform to the environment-friendly trend, and provide an innovative choice for the pet food market.

A marking apparatus includes a memory including information on a mark, a carbon dioxide laser, which outputs a laser beam, an optical arrangement for focusing the laser beam, a laser beam directing apparatus, which directs the laser beam to a marking area a solid material of vegetable fibers with natural hue is for formation of a representation of the mark thereon, a controller, which receives information on the mark from the memory, controls the laser beam directing apparatus, the optical arrangement and / or the at least one carbon dioxide laser based on the information on the mark to perform a selection of an energy-per-unit-area range from a first energy range for a laser beam that causes the solid material of vegetable fibers to become visibly darker than the natural hue in response to interaction with the laser beam and a second energy range that is configured to cause the solid material of vegetable fibers to become visibly lighter than the natural hue in response to interaction with the laser beam, the selection being based on the mark each requiring at least one energy-per-unit-area range. The laser beam directing apparatus causes the laser beam to travel over the solid material of vegetable fibers in response to the control by the controller based on the mark for forming the representation of the mark on a surface of the solid material of vegetable fibers with the selected at least one energy-per-unit-area range in a single process stage from start to finish.