Bio-organic fertilizer for improving quality and yield of citrus and preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention provides a bio-organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation. The biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus is obtained by taking the animal waste, the plant fiber and the peanut meal as main raw materials through multiple times of fermentation, and can improve the content of organic matters in soil, increase the number and variety of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promote root growth and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer; therefore, the growth of the citrus is promoted. The raw materials also contain the quick lime, the phosphorus pentoxide, the potassium oxide and the like, so that nutrient substances are provided for the citrus, the effect of improving the soil is also achieved, and the absorption of the citrus is further promoted. The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the invention can obviously improve the quality of the citrus and improve the soluble sugar content and the Vc content in the citrus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular to a biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major citrus producer in the world. The citrus industry is a pillar industry in my country's agriculture. It occupies an extremely important position in the agricultural economy and plays an extremely important role in promoting farmers' income and increasing social employment.

[0003] Citrus is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree with deep roots and a preference for warm and humid climates. It is cultivated in areas south of the Yangtze River in my country. Citrus is rich in nutrients and medicinal properties. Citrus is a treasure from head to toe. Its juice is rich in citric acid, amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, multiple vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other nutrients. It has high economic value and its planting area has been expanding in recent years. Due to insufficient understanding of the biological characteristics of citrus, some mountain growers blindly use a large amount of chemical fertilizers, resulting in high planting costs, leading to severe soil desertification and compaction, which in turn reduces yields, increases morbidity, and poor disease resistance. In severe cases, large areas of citrus have dried up.

[0004] In addition, long-term use of chemical fertilizers will degrade soil quality. In the absence of organic matter, it is difficult for the soil to form a granular structure, and the adhesion between soil particles is weakened, gradually reducing the soil's water retention capacity. When the soil cannot retain sufficient moisture, even the best chemical fertilizers cannot release energy under suitable environmental conditions, and chemical fertilizers are prone to cause pollution.

[0005] Bio-organic fertilizer refers to an organic fertilizer made from organic materials after microbial fermentation, deodorization and complete decomposition. A large number of experiments have proved that bio-organic fertilizer can improve the community structure of soil microorganisms, activate soil nutrients, improve the nutritional conditions of fruit roots, enhance the absorption capacity of fruits, and increase the yield and quality of fruits. It is non-toxic, pollution-free, nutritious, highly active, and has a long-lasting fertilizer effect. It is a high-quality environmentally friendly fertilizer suitable for fruit growth.

[0006] However, how to prepare an organic fertilizer for citrus to increase the yield of citrus is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, so as to improve the yield and quality of citrus.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0010] 30-50 parts of animal manure, 10-20 parts of plant fiber, 5-10 parts of peanut meal, 0.5-5 parts of microbial agent, 2-5 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of quicklime, 1-2 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 3-4 parts of potassium oxide, 0.5-1 part of magnesium oxide, and 0.5-1 part of boric acid.

[0011] Preferably, the animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 5-7:2-3:2-4.

[0012] More preferably, the moisture content of the animal feces is 10-20 wt%.

[0013] Preferably, the plant fiber is at least one of corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, and crushed fruit tree branches.

[0014] Preferably, the microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, nitrifying bacteria and Streptomyces.

[0015] More preferably, the content of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial agent is 1.5 to 1.7 billion / g, the content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.0 to 1.3 billion / g; the content of nitrifying bacteria is 50 to 200 million / g; the content of Streptomyces is 50 to 200 million / g.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the proportion;

[0018] (2) mixing animal feces, plant fiber and peanut meal uniformly to obtain a premix, and then fermenting and composting the premix to obtain a primary fermentation material;

[0019] (3) adding a microbial agent to the primary fermentation material, stirring evenly, and subjecting the mixture to natural fermentation to obtain a secondary fermentation material;

[0020] (4) adding the remaining raw materials to the secondary fermentation material and mixing them evenly, and continuing the pile fermentation under natural conditions to obtain the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits.

[0021] Preferably, the fermentation and composting treatment in step (2) is to pile the premix into a pile with a height of 130 to 170 cm, control the pile temperature to 25 to 35° C., turn the pile every 1 to 2 days, and after fermentation for 10 to 12 days, control the temperature to 40 to 55° C., turn the pile every 1 to 2 days, and ferment for 10 to 15 days.

[0022] Preferably, the natural fermentation time in step (3) is 15 to 25 days.

[0023] Preferably, the time for the pile fermentation in step (4) is 30 to 40 days.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention provides a biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, which uses animal manure, plant fiber, and peanut meal as main raw materials, and is obtained through multiple fermentations. The fertilizer can increase the organic matter content of the soil, increase the number and types of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promote root growth, improve fertilizer utilization, and thus promote the growth of citrus. The raw materials of the present invention also contain ingredients such as quicklime, phosphorus pentoxide, and potassium oxide, which not only provide nutrients for citrus, but also have the effect of improving the soil, further promoting the absorption of citrus. The biological organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention can significantly improve the quality of citrus, and increase the soluble sugar content and Vc content in citrus. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The results of increasing citrus yield and reducing pests and diseases after applying different organic fertilizers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention provides a biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0027] 30-50 parts of animal manure, 10-20 parts of plant fiber, 5-10 parts of peanut meal, 0.5-5 parts of microbial agent, 2-5 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of quicklime, 1-2 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 3-4 parts of potassium oxide, 0.5-1 part of magnesium oxide, and 0.5-1 part of boric acid.

[0028] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 5-7:2-3:2-4; the water content of the animal manure is 10-20wt%.

[0029] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the plant fiber is at least one of corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, and crushed fruit tree branches. The diameter of the plant fiber is less than 2 cm, and is not specifically limited.

[0030] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, nitrifying bacteria, and Streptomyces. Bacillus subtilis is K1000 Bacillus subtilis purchased from Weifang Jiaqi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Bacillus licheniformis is D1000 Bacillus licheniformis purchased from Weifang Jiaqi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; nitrifying bacteria is nitrifying bacteria purchased from Shandong Xinzhuoyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a product number of 20240420; and Streptomyces is Streptomyces leucoflavus purchased from Guangxi Nongbao Bioengineering Co., Ltd.

[0031] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, nitrifying bacteria and Streptomyces are activated by conventional methods and then mixed to obtain a microbial agent with a Bacillus subtilis content of 1.7 billion / g, a Bacillus licheniformis content of 1.2 billion / g, a nitrifying bacteria content of 100 million / g and a Streptomyces content of 150 million / g.

[0032] The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the proportion;

[0034] (2) mixing animal feces, plant fiber and peanut meal uniformly to obtain a premix, and then fermenting and composting the premix to obtain a primary fermentation material;

[0035] (3) adding a microbial agent to the primary fermentation material, stirring evenly, and subjecting the mixture to natural fermentation to obtain a secondary fermentation material;

[0036] (4) adding the remaining raw materials to the secondary fermentation material and mixing them evenly, and continuing the pile fermentation under natural conditions to obtain the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation and composting treatment described in step (2) is to pile the premix into a pile with a height of 130 to 170 cm, control the pile temperature to reach 25 to 35°C, turn the pile every 1 to 2 days, and after fermentation for 10 to 12 days, control the temperature to 40 to 55°C, turn the pile every 1 to 2 days, and ferment for 10 to 15 days.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the time of natural fermentation in step (3) is 15 to 25 days.

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the time of the pile fermentation in step (4) is 30 to 40 days.

[0040] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with examples. In the specific examples of the present invention, the parts of the raw materials are all "parts by mass"; unless otherwise specified, the raw materials are all products conventionally purchased on the market, and the preparation methods all adopt conventional means in the art.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0043] 40 parts of animal manure, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of peanut meal, 2 parts of microbial agent, 3 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of quicklime, 1 part of phosphorus pentoxide, 3 parts of potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, and 1 part of boric acid.

[0044] The animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 5:2:2; the water content of the animal manure is 12wt%.

[0045] Among them, the plant fiber is corn stalks.

[0046] The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the proportion;

[0048] (2) The animal manure, the plant fiber and the peanut meal are uniformly mixed to obtain a premix, and then the premix is ​​piled into a pile with a height of 150 cm for fermentation and composting. The specific method of the fermentation and composting is to control the temperature of the pile to reach 30° C., turn the pile every 2 days, and after 12 days of fermentation, control the temperature to 45° C., turn the pile every 2 days, and ferment for 13 days to obtain a first-class fermented material;

[0049] (3) adding microbial agents to the primary fermentation material, stirring evenly, and naturally fermenting the material for 20 days to obtain a secondary fermentation material;

[0050] (4) adding the remaining raw materials to the secondary fermentation material and mixing them evenly, and continuing the pile fermentation for 35 days under natural conditions to obtain the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0053] 50 parts of animal manure, 20 parts of plant fiber, 5 parts of peanut meal, 2 parts of microbial agent, 2 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of quicklime, 1 part of phosphorus pentoxide, 3 parts of potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, and 0.7 parts of boric acid.

[0054] The animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 7:2:2; the water content of the animal manure is 14wt%.

[0055] Among them, the plant fiber is rice straw.

[0056] The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits comprises the following steps:

[0057] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the proportion;

[0058] (2) animal feces, plant fiber and peanut meal are uniformly mixed to obtain a premix, and then the premix is ​​piled into a pile with a height of 150 cm for fermentation and composting. The specific method of the fermentation and composting is as follows: after the temperature of the pile reaches 29° C., the pile is turned over every 2 days. After 12 days of fermentation, the temperature is controlled to 43° C., the pile is turned over every 2 days, and fermentation is continued for 15 days to obtain a first-class fermented material;

[0059] (3) adding microbial agents to the primary fermentation material, stirring evenly, and naturally fermenting the material for 20 days to obtain a secondary fermentation material;

[0060] (4) adding the remaining raw materials to the secondary fermentation material and mixing them evenly, and continuing the pile fermentation under natural conditions for 30 days to obtain the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] A biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0063] 40 parts of animal manure, 12 parts of plant fiber, 8 parts of peanut meal, 2 parts of microbial agent, 2 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 3 parts of potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, and 1 part of boric acid.

[0064] The animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 6:3:3; the water content of the animal manure is 15wt%.

[0065] The plant fiber is crushed fruit tree branches (sawdust-like crushed citrus branches).

[0066] The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits comprises the following steps:

[0067] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the proportion;

[0068] (2) animal manure, crushed fruit tree branches and peanut meal are uniformly mixed to obtain a premix, and then the premix is ​​piled into a pile with a height of 150 cm for fermentation and composting. The fermentation and composting method is to control the pile temperature to reach 35° C., turn the pile every 2 days, and after 11 days of fermentation, control the temperature to 49° C., turn the pile every 2 days, and ferment for 15 days to obtain a first-level fermented material;

[0069] (3) adding microbial agents to the primary fermentation material, stirring evenly, and naturally fermenting the material for 20 days to obtain a secondary fermentation material;

[0070] (4) adding the remaining raw materials to the secondary fermentation material and mixing them evenly, and continuing the pile fermentation for 32 days under natural conditions to obtain the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits.

[0071] Comparative Example 1

[0072] A biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0073] 40 parts of animal manure, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of peanut meal, 2 parts of microbial agent, 3 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of quicklime, 1 part of phosphorus pentoxide, 3 parts of potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, and 1 part of boric acid.

[0074] The animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 5:2:2; the water content of the animal manure is 12wt%.

[0075] Among them, the plant fiber is corn stalks.

[0076] The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits comprises the following steps:

[0077] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the proportion;

[0078] (2) animal feces, plant fiber, peanut meal and microbial agent are uniformly mixed to obtain a premix, and then the premix is ​​piled into a pile with a height of 150 cm for fermentation and composting. The specific method of the fermentation and composting treatment is to control the pile temperature to reach 30° C., turn the pile once every 2 days, and after 12 days of fermentation, control the temperature to 45° C., turn the pile once every 2 days, and ferment for 13 days to obtain a first-level fermented material;

[0079] (3) adding the remaining raw materials to the primary fermentation material and mixing them evenly, and continuing the pile fermentation under natural conditions for 35 days to obtain the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus.

[0080] Comparative Example 2

[0081] A biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0082] 40 parts of animal manure, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of peanut meal, 2 parts of microbial agent, 3 parts of humic acid, 1 part of phosphorus pentoxide, 3 parts of potassium oxide, and 1 part of magnesium oxide.

[0083] The animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 5:2:2; the water content of the animal manure is 12wt%.

[0084] Among them, the plant fiber is corn stalks.

[0085] The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus is the same as that in Example 1.

[0086] Comparative Example 3

[0087] A biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0088] 40 parts of animal manure, 2 parts of microbial agents, 3 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of quicklime, 1 part of phosphorus pentoxide, 3 parts of potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, and 1 part of boric acid.

[0089] The animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 5:2:2; the water content of the animal manure is 12wt%.

[0090] Among them, the plant fiber is corn stalks.

[0091] The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus is the same as that in Example 1.

[0092] The bio-organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were used to carry out fertilizer efficiency tests:

[0093] Citrus trees (Citrus navel orange) with the same soil conditions, the same tree age, and the same citrus tree growth conditions were selected for the test and divided into 1 to 7 groups, each with 30 citrus trees. Groups 1 to 3 used the bio-organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 3 as base fertilizers, groups 4 to 6 used the bio-organic fertilizers prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 as base fertilizers, and group 7 was used as a blank control without any bio-organic fertilizers. Other planting conditions remained the same. Each tree was applied with 25 kg of organic fertilizer per year. The results of yield increase and pest reduction are shown in Tables 1 and Figure 1 .

[0094] Table 1

[0095] Group Organic Fertilizer Increase in production (%) Reduction of pests and diseases (%) 1 Example 1 35 28 2 Example 2 32 28 3 Example 3 33 26 4 Comparative Example 1 27 21 5 Comparative Example 2 21 17 6 Comparative Example 3 22 16 7 Blank control - -

[0096] The quality of citrus fruits is shown in Table 2.

[0097] Table 2

[0098]

[0099] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bio-organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of animal manure, 10-20 parts of plant fiber, 5-10 parts of peanut meal, 0.5-5 parts of microbial agent, 2-5 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of quicklime, 1-2 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 3-4 parts of potassium oxide, 0.5-1 part of magnesium oxide, and 0.5-1 part of boric acid.

2. The bio-organic fertilizer for improving citrus quality and yield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The animal manure is composed of cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure in a mass ratio of 5-7:2-3:2-4.

3. The bio-organic fertilizer for improving citrus quality and yield according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moisture content of the animal feces is 10-20wt%.

4. The bio-organic fertilizer for improving citrus quality and yield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant fiber is at least one of corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, and crushed fruit tree branches.

5. The bio-organic fertilizer for improving citrus quality and yield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, nitrifying bacteria and Streptomyces.

6. The bio-organic fertilizer for improving citrus quality and yield according to claim 5, characterized in that: The content of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial agent is 1.5-1.7 billion / g, the content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.0-1.3 billion / g; the content of nitrifying bacteria is 50-200 million / g; the content of Streptomyces is 50-200 million / g.

7. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the proportion; (2) mixing animal feces, plant fiber and peanut meal uniformly to obtain a premix, and then fermenting and composting the premix to obtain a primary fermentation material; (3) adding a microbial agent to the primary fermentation material, stirring evenly, and subjecting the mixture to natural fermentation to obtain a secondary fermentation material; (4) adding the remaining raw materials to the secondary fermentation material and mixing them evenly, and continuing the pile fermentation under natural conditions to obtain the biological organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus fruits.

8. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fermentation and composting treatment described in step (2) is to pile the premix into a pile with a height of 130 to 170 cm, control the pile temperature to reach 25 to 35° C., turn the pile every 1 to 2 days, and after fermenting for 10 to 12 days, control the temperature to 40 to 55° C., turn the pile every 1 to 2 days, and ferment for 10 to 15 days.

9. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The time of natural fermentation in step (3) is 15 to 25 days.

10. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer for improving the quality and yield of citrus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The time of the pile fermentation in step (4) is 30 to 40 days.

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