208results about How to "Alleviate continuous cropping obstacles" patented technology

The invention provides a Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer. Wastes after extraction of Chinese traditional medicines can be fully utilized, utilization of waste materials is realized, and a bactericidal and insect disease preventing organic fertilizer full of nutritional ingredients is also provided for agricultural production. The Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting Chinese medicine residue, excrement of animals, solid waste, bacillus subtilis and EM. The Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer has the advantages that the Chinese medicine residue, excrement of animals and solid waste are mixed, biological fermentation bacteria are added for carrying out rapid fermentation, organic fertilizer is processed, waste materials are changed into things of value, harm is turned into good, the problem of treatment of abandoned herb residue produced by a Chinese medicine factory is solved, and waste treatment cost is also greatly reduced, so that a win-win situation of environmental protection and economic development is realized. By adopting the organic fertilizer made from the Chinese medicine residue, soil can be effectively improved, crop pest also can be effectively prevented, and quality, yield and safety of crops are improved.

The invention discloses bio-organic fertilizer, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer. The proportion by weight of all raw materials of the bio-organic fertilizer is dried chicken manure : edible mushroom : compound microbial agent : corn flour or rice bran : functional strain = 110-140 : 390-360 : 0.1-0.5 ; 0.1. The compound microbial agent comprises mould, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes and saccharomycetes. The strains are efficient viable bacteria. Each gram of the compound microbial agent comprises the number of the mould ranges from 5 hundred million to 8 hundred million, the number of the efficient viable bacteria of bacillus ranges from 12 hundred million to 15 hundred million, and the number of the actinomycetes ranges from 10 hundred million to 12 hundred million and the saccharomycetes of 15 hundred million to 18 million. According to the bio-organic fertilizer, the chicken manure and mushroom dregs serve as main materials, and the high-quality organic fertilizer can be fermented quickly by adding the compound microbial agent and the functional strain.

The invention discloses a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain and application thereof. The strain is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZTS-06, and the collection number is CGMCC No.11165. The invention also discloses a live strain preparation containing the strain and a preparation method thereof. The live strain preparation is prepared by the following steps: carrying out amplification culture on the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZTS-06, inoculating in a fermentation culture medium, culturing to obtain a fermentation liquid, adding propyl gallate, beta-cyclodextrin and soluble starch, and carrying out spray drying to obtain live strain raw powder; and adding abundant soluble starch, and uniformly mixing to obtain the live strain preparation. The strain has favorable degradation effects on phenylallyl propionic acid, para-hydroxybenzoic acid, cinnamic acid and the like, and can relieve succession cropping obstacles caused by phenolic acid and other toxic substances. The living strain preparation has the advantages of short fermentation period, high fermentation liquid bacterium concentration, low live strain loss in the spray drying process, and high stability in the storage process.

The invention discloses preparation and application of a soil ecosystem nursing microorganism bacterial fertilizer. The soil ecosystem nursing microorganism bacterial fertilizer contains abundant organic matters and beneficial bacteria, especially paecilomyces lilacinus. The preparation method for the fertilizer mainly comprises the following steps: preparation of a paecilomyces lilacinus strain; enlarged cultivation of a liquid strain used for production; preparation of a medium; addition of the paecilomyces lilacinus strain for enlarged cultivation; secondary fermentation; etc. The microorganism bacterial fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer to soil according to an amount of 100 to 200 kg/mu, can improve soil, especially soil in a greenhouse, is capable of obviously mitigating harm of a plurality of plant nematode diseases caused by root-knot nematode, soybean cyst nematode, stem eelworm and the like, and alleviates continuous cropping obstacles.

The invention relates to a cultivation method for realizing crop rotation of artemisia selengensis and tomatoes in a sunlight greenhouse. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: performing deep ploughing and upturned soil sunning of a field in the sunlight greenhouse; applying enough base fertilizer; carefully harrowing after the ploughing; leveling to be used as a ridge-up bed; digging drainage ditches around the ridge-up bed, and transplanting 2/3 of small sections of planting stocks of the artemisia selengensis into the prepared ridge-up bed in September, wherein the row spacing is 7-10cm, and the line spacing is 20cm; applying enough bottom water after the planting; when the tender stem grows to 20-30cm after 30-40 days for the planting, harvesting the first batch of the artemisia selengensis to sell; after harvesting the first batch of the artemisia selengensis, cleaning the bed surface and dressing fertilizer water, and 30-40 days later, harvesting the second batch of the artemisia selengensis; after harvesting the second batch of the artemisia selengensis, performing land preparation again and fertilizing, and making a high ridge; covering films and planting tomatoes in the next early February, wherein the row spacing is 50cm, and the line spacing is 40cm; and in the late July, harvesting the tomatoes and performing the deep ploughing and the upturned soil sunning again to enter a next crop rotation period.

The invention relates to a preparation and use method of a microbial agent for relieving continuous cropping obstacle of solanaceae crops, and relates to the technical field of microbial agents. The microbial agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: bacillus methylotrophicus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus lichenniformis, bacillus colloid, saccharomycetes, photosyntheticbacteria, humic acid, potassium fulvic acid, potassium humate, amino acid fertilizer, potassium hydrogen phosphate, modified biomass carbon, alginic acid, chitin, peptone, and medium trace elements.The microbial agent has the beneficial effects that the defects of only use as base fertilizer for applying and difficulty in colonization in the common microbial agent are overcome, the occurrence ofroot rot of continuous cropping obstacle is prevented in the whole growth period of solanaceae crops, and the application is convenient; the auxiliary materials in the microbial agent are suitable for the colonization of functional microorganisms and enhancement of activity, the integrated flushing and applying effects with the water fertilizer of solanaceae crops are better, the occurrence of root rot in the continuous cropping can be better prevented, and the high output and stable output of the solanaceae crops can be promoted.

The invention discloses a water and fertilizer integration four-control irrigation fertilizing method. The method is composed of time control of fertigation, control of fertilizing amount, control of nutrient proportion and control of soil humidity. The method aims at moisture requirement and root depth of different crops for realizing accurate control of the soil humidity and irrigation depth, can limit the irrigation water and a fertilizer in a root zone scope, can avoid loss of volatilization and seepage due to excess fertilization, and realizes high efficiency utilization of water and fertilizer. The method can realize accurate fertilization and saves labor. The fertilizing control is carried out according to the crop nutrient requirement rules, and the method can control the time and space of the fertigation in scientific and reasonable mode, can guarantee good growth of crops, realizes high yield and stable production, can control the environment pollution due to fertilizer loss and volatilization due to excess fertilization, and mitigates the soil hardening and continuous cropping obstacles.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional fertilizer applying method for crops. Fertilizers are applied to three three-dimensional spaces which are underground, ground and overground respectively, wherein a biological organic fertilizer is applied as a basic fertilizer in the underground three-dimensional space; a humic acid macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied as an additional fertilizer in the ground three-dimensional space; a trace element organic water-soluble fertilizer is applied as a leaf fertilizer in a spraying way in the overground three-dimensional space. The method has the advantages that the fertilizer utilization rate is increased, the yield of the crops is increased, the quality of an agricultural product is improved, the structure of soil is improved, and the breeding of harmful pathogenic bacteria in the soil can be inhibited; the popularization and application of the method are significant for reducing pest and disease damage, continuous cropping obstacles caused by continuous cropping and farmland pollution, protecting the ecological environment and ensuring the safety of an agricultural product.

The invention discloses a red-soil-region peanut continuous-cropping obstacle reducing special fertilizer, a preparation method and a usage method. The special fertilizer is composed of, in percent by weight, 10-30% of decomposed dry bird excrement, 10-30% of humic acid, 10-20% of urea, 20-40% of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer, 10-15% of potassium chloride, 0.5-2% of borax, 0.5-2% of zinc sulfate, 0.01-0.05% of ammonium molybdate, 0.005-0.02% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.001-0.01% of sodium alpha-naphthyl acetate, 0.01-0.05% of hymexazol, and 0.01-0.05% of diazinon. The special fertilizer is applied red-soil-region field on which peanut is continuously cropped for three or more years with the usage amount of 2000-2500 Kg/hm<2>, the usage method comprises that the fertilizer is completely basally applied for one time, or the fertilizer is applied for two times according to the base-fertilizer topdressing-fertilizer weight ratio of 2:1, the base fertilizer is applied in furrows before peanut is sowed or is spread over the whole field when ploughing is performed, topdressing is combined with intertillage weeding, and fertilization and earthing up are performed. The special fertilizer is verified to be capable of increasing peanut output by 15-25% compared with a conventional fertilizer by applying the special fertilizer to a large field on which peanut is continuously cropped for 10 years or more at 2012 and 2013, and the application method is simple, reasonable, and high in operability, and exhibits technical progress.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural sustainable development, relates to preparation of organic preparations and in particular relates to an organic preparation for controllingcruciferous vegetable club root and application thereof. The organic preparation is composed of organic raw materials and decomposition-promoting ingredients, wherein the organic materials include but not limited to one or more of crop straws, saw dust and other solid organic materials and molasses, alcoholic fermentation liquor and other liquid organic materials; the decomposition-promoting ingredients include but not limited to one or more of special microbes and organic catalysts; and a ratio (mass) of the organic raw materials to the decomposition-promoting ingredients is (95-100):(5-0).The invention further discloses a preparation method and application of the organic preparation. The organic preparation disclosed by the invention is ecologically environment-friendly and is applicable to soil with high incidence of club root after continuous cropping of various cruciferous vegetables. The quantity of plasmodiophora brassicae woron in soil and the incidence rate of the club rootof crops can be effectively reduced after treatment, the sterilization rate and the club root control rate respectively reach 60-90%, and the yield of the crops is obviously increased.

The invention discloses an ecological efficient paddy-upland rotation method for relieving facility continuous cropping obstacles. The method which yields five crops in three years under facility conditions sequentially includes: planting facility fresh broad beans, early-ripe high-quality organic paddy, peas, early-ripe high-quality organic paddy, and melons/solanberries. By the method which yields five crops in three years, paddy and beans can be optionally planted after previous-crop high-economical-benefit fruits and vegetables such as melons/solanberries and strawberries, continuous cropping obstacles of facility agriculture are relieved effectively, the roots of the beans and gramineae are fully utilized to absorb the harmful residues rich in the roots of previous crops and the living environment of paddy-upland rotation destroying harmful factors, the ecological environment for replanting the high-economical-benefit fruits and vegetables such as melons/solanberries and strawberries is purified, manpower and cost are lowered, annual benefit of each mu can reach ten thousand yuan, and both ecological and economical benefits are achieved.

The invention discloses an accompanied cultivation method for overcoming obstacles to continuous cropping of cucumber and solves the problems of poor prevention and cure effect of chemical agents, environment pollution and generation of resistance to chemical caused by obstacles to continuous cropping of cucumber. The method comprises the following steps) planting cucumber seedlings; 2) sowing seeds of companion crop besides the cucumber seedlings; 3) removing overground parts of the companion crop; and 4) repeating the step 2 and the step 3, stopping removing the overground parts of the companion crop and cultivating the cucumber seedlings till cucumbers become rip. The accompanied cultivation method for overcoming obstacles to continuous cropping of cucumber reduces obstacles of soil to continuous cropping of cucumber and use of agricultural chemical, avoids environmental pollution and generation of resistance to chemical and provides an effective technical guarantee for production of green vegetables.

The invention discloses a greenhouse crop culturing substrate and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of facility cultivation. The method is implemented according to the following steps of: (1) grinding thoroughly-decomposed maize straws, pig manure and vinegar residues and passing the three materials through a 5mm sieve; (2) mixing by a weight ratio of 3.5:3:3.5 or 2.5:3:4.5 to obtain a mixture, piling up the mixture and thoroughly watering the mixture with clean water; (3) taking out a mixed organic material when the relative water content in a pile body is 60-70%, pressing the mixed organic material to a cube with a side length of 15cm, digging a cylindrical hole with a diameter of 4cm and a height of 5cm in the top of the cube, and then airing the cube; (4) placing the pressed cube of the culturing substrate onto a culturing piece, and then burying the cube to the middle with soil. The culturing substrate can be used for greenhouse crops such as greenhouse tomatoes, cucumbers and lettuce. Especially for soil with serious successive cropping obstacles, the successive cropping obstacles can be effectively reduced.

Disclosed is a field management method for melon facility long-season cultivation. The method comprises the steps that dual-root-cut-grafting floating seedling growing is adopted; dual-vine pruning is carried out, and a robust secondary vine is selected to firstly bear one melon; after a first batch of melons expands, the other vine is made to bear one melon, old vines bearing melons are pruned off after the first batch of melons is mature and harvested, compound fertilizer and water are applied once to promote unfixed vines of plant roots to sprout and grow, one robust unfixed vine is selected and kept, foliage dressing is carried out, and vigorous growth of new vines is promoted; after a second batch of melons expands, the reserved new vines bear one melon, old vines bearing melons are pruned off after the second batch of melons is mature and harvested, compound fertilizer and water are applied once to promote the unfixed vines of the plant roots to regenerate, one robust unfixed vine is selected and kept as a melon bearing vine of the next batch of melons, and foliage dressing is carried out to promote vigorous growth of the next batch of melon bearing vines; the steps are operated repeatedly, and total at least five batches of melons are produced and harvested. According to the method, multiple melons can be harvested through one plant, and the aims of reducing cultivation links, being high in yield and efficient and achieving long-season cultivation can be achieved.

The invention discloses a degrading bacterium for autotoxic substances of the rhizosphere of an apple tree and an application of the degrading bacterium. The strain is sorted and named Azospirillum lipoferum BL2; the collection unit is General Microbiological Center of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms (CGMCC); the address is No. 3, Courtyard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing; the collection date is 28th August, 2014; and the collection number is CGMCC No.9619. The strain has good degrading effect on phlorizin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phthalic acid and pyrogallic acid respectively under the condition of liquid culture in a shake flask. After the strain is subjected to liquid shake culture for three days, the result determined by an ultraviolet spectrophotometry shows that the degrading rates of the phlorizin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phthalic acid and pyrogallic acid are as follows respectively: 36%, 34%, 31% and 65%. The result shows that the BL2 strain has good degrading effect respectively on four types of autotoxic substances, and has potential application value for relieving successive cropping obstacles caused by the autotoxic substances.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal material planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting leonurus artemisia rich in various trace elements. The method mainly comprises the following steps of (1), land selection and land preparation; (2), sowing; (3), transplanting; (4), fertilizer and water management. By using rationally formulated base fertilizers and nutrient fertilizers, the nutrition is comprehensive and balanced, sufficient nutrients are provided for the growth of the leonurus artemisia, the rapid growth of the leonurus artemisia can be scientifically coordinated, and especially various trace nutritional elements are effectively enriched in the leonurus artemisia to improve quality and increase yield. The base fertilizers are composed of chitin,fish protein powder, sodium alginate, humic acid, urea, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, complex amino acid, chelated micro element fertilizer and diatomite; the nutrient fertilizers are composed of mushroom residues, decomposed chicken manure, mixed bacterial agent, neem seed extract, urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate and chelated micro element fertilizer.

The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers for crops and particularly relates to an ecological functional compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The ecological functional compound fertilizer is prepared from the following main components: sludge, a compound fertilizer, a microbial agent, an organic waste, a soil heating agent and an oxygen supplier. The sludge obtained from the treatment of municipal domestic wastewater and the organic waste serve as organic matters, contain multiple nutrients and can be combined with the compound fertilizer to increase the utilization rate of the compound fertilizer and increase the content of organic matters in soil; the added soil heating agent can preserve the temperature around the roots of crops in deep soil and prevent crops from being frostbitten and frozen to death; the added oxygen supplier can supply oxygen to microorganisms in soil and cells in crop roots to increase the activity of the microorganisms in soil and the crop roots, accelerate the absorption of the ecological compound fertilizer, enhance the adversity, disease and cold resistance of crops, improve the structure and fertility of soil and promote the growth of crops; the pollution of sludge to environment can be reduced, and the sludge can be reutilized; and the ecological compound fertilizer is safe to people, animals and environment and is natural, innoxious and environmentally friendly.