329 results about "Ion permeability" patented technology

The present invention provides an improved LbL-coating process for modifying the surface of a medical device, preferably an ophthalmic device, more preferably a contact lens. An LbL coating on a contact lens, which is prepared according to the process of the invention, can have increased hydrophilicity characterized by an averaged contact angle of about 80 degree or less, preferably about 50 degrees or less, while maintaining the desired bulk properties such as oxygen permeability and ion permeability of lens material.

The invention provide a new class of silicone-containing prepolymers containing dangling polysiloxane-containing polymer chains. This class of silicone-containing prepolymer is capable of being actinically crosslinked to form a silicone hydrogel material with a relatively high oxygen permeability, a reduced elastic modulus, and a relatively high ion permeability. The present invention is also related to silicone hydrogel contact lenses made from this class of silicone-containing prepolymers and to methods for making the silicone hydrogel contact lenses.

The present invention provides a medical device, preferably a contact lens, which a core material and an antimicrobial metal-containing LbL coating that is not covalently attached to the medical device and can impart to the medical device an increased hydrophilicity. The antimicrobial metal-containing coating on a contact lens of the invention has a high antimicrobial efficacy against microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial and a low toxicity, while maintaining the desired bulk properties such as oxygen permeability and ion permeability of lens material. Such lenses are useful as extended-wear contact lenses. In addition, the invention provides a method for making a medical device, preferably a contact lens, having an antimicrobial metal-containing LbL coating thereon.

An object of the invention is to provide a separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery, which has good adhesion to electrodes, is capable of ensuring sufficient ion permeability even after attachment to electrodes, and further includes an adhesive porous layer having dynamic physical properties sufficient to withstand heat pressing and a uniform porous structure. The separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery of the invention includes a porous substrate and an adhesive porous layer that is formed on at least one side of the porous substrate and contains a polyvinylidene-fluoride-based resin. The separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery is characterized in that the adhesive porous layer has a porosity of 30 to 60% and an average pore size of 1 to 100 nm.

The invention relates to a capacitor of a lithium ion battery. The capacitor comprises a capacitor shell, an organic electrolyte arranged in the capacitor shell, a winding core formed by isolating a positive plate from a negative plate through an ion permeability microporous membrane and winding, wherein the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively connected with a positive lug and a negative lug and are led out by the positive lug and the negative lug to a positive end and a negative end of the capacitor shell. A negative active material comprises a material A and a material B, wherein the material A comprises at least one of hard carbon and soft carbon, the material B comprises at least one of natural graphite, modified graphite and synthetic graphite, the material A accounts for 50.0%-95.0% of the capacity percentage of the negative active material, and the material B accounts for 5.0%-50.0% of the capacity percentage of the negative active material. The capacitor has the high-energy density characteristic of the lithium ion battery and the high-power density characteristic of a double electric layer capacitor.

The invention provides a method for manufacturing electrospinning of a high-performance polyarylether resin lithium battery diaphragm, belonging to the technical field of high-voltage electrospinning. The method comprises the following steps of: using high-performance polyarylether resin solution and all-purpose engineering resin solution (or melt); simultaneously, mixing the electrospinning; and with intertwining which is caused by the flagellating effect of shooting flow in the process of spinning, forming a jointly weaved network structure so that polyarylether fiber is compounded with all-purpose resin fiber to obtain high-performance polyarylether fiber non-woven fabrics. The non-woven fabrics have the good heat-resistant performance of the polyarylether resin and the good self-closing performance of the all-purpose engineering resin. In addition, the non-woven fabrics also have good ion permeability and good wetting performance to electrolyte fluid so that the performance of the lithium battery with the polyarylether diaphragm can be obviously improved. The lithium battery with the polyarylether diaphragm has wide application in the fields such as national defense, aviation, space flight, civilian use, industry, and the like, and has higher application value.

The invention relates to a reinforced nanofiber porous membrane and a preparation method thereof. The porous membrane is a two-component lithium ion battery diaphragm formed by compounding polymer resin with polyurethane, and has a semi-interpenetrating network structure, the porosity of 60 to 80 percent, and mechanical property which is 3 to 4 times higher than that of a polymer resin single-component porous membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing a polymer resin non-woven membrane by high-voltage electrostatic spinning, impregnating the non-woven membrane in solution of wet curing reaction polyurethane prepolymer with a high-reactivity isocyanate group, reacting -NCO in the polyurethane prepolymer with a -OH bond of water in air at room temperature to obtain the polyurethane through crosslinking and autopolymerization, so that nanofibers in the non-woven membrane are bonded to form a polymer resin and polyurethane two-component composite membrane, and the mechanical strength of the fiber membrane is greatly improved. The method is easy to operate, and the prepared non-woven membrane keeps the advantages of high porosity of a membrane prepared by an electrostatic spinning technology, and heat stability of the polymer resin, and has high ion permeability and affinity of electrolyte.

The invention relates to an enhanced bi-component nanofiber porous membrane and a preparation method thereof. The porous membrane is a lithium ion battery membrane with two components of polymer resin and polyurethane. The membrane is in a semi-interpenetrating network structure which has a void ratio of 60-80%, and the mechanical property is 2-3 times higher than a single-component porous membrane of polymer resin. The preparation method comprises the steps of: dissolving a polymer resin and polyurethane prepolymer bi-component composition in a solvent, and preparing a nonwoven membrane through an electrospinning technology; and putting the nonwoven membrane at room temperature to make -NCO in the polyurethane prepolymer react with the -OH bond of water in the air to produce polyurethanethrough crosslinking and autopolymerization. In the invention, the nanofiber in the nonwoven membrane binds to form the polymer resin and polyurethane bi-component compound membrane, and the mechanical strength of the fibrous membrane is improved greatly. The method is easy, and the prepared nonwoven membrane maintains the advantages of high void ratio, and good thermal stability of polymer resinof the membrane prepared by using the electrospinning technology, and the membrane has good ion permeability and electrolyte affinity.

The invention discloses a lithium-ion battery electrolyte containing fluoroethylene carbonate. The lithium-ion battery electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous solvent, a lithium salt and an additive. The lithium-ion battery electrolyte is characterized in that the additive comprises fluoroethylene carbonate, a cyanophenyl compound and a cyclic phosphorus compound. The used cyclic phosphorus compound can be subjected to ring-opening polymerization on a positive surface at high voltage of over 4.35V; a protective film with good oxidative resistance and lithium ion permeability is formed on the positive surface; decomposition of the electrolyte at high potential is reduced; the cathode material structure is stabilized; internal resistance increase of the battery in the cycle process can be effectively suppressed; the discharge capacity of the battery is improved; the cycle performance is improved; meanwhile, the protective film formed by the cyclic phosphorus compound has god heat stability; and high-temperature gas production caused by the fluoroethylene carbonate in a high-temperature condition can be effectively suppressed.

An object of the invention is to provide a separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery, which has good adhesion to electrodes and is also capable of ensuring sufficient ion permeability even after attachment to an electrode. The separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery of the invention includes a porous substrate and an adhesive porous layer formed on at least one side of the porous substrate and containing a polyvinylidene-fluoride-based resin. The separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery is characterized in that the adhesive porous layer has a crystallinity of 20 to 35%.

The invention relates to fair-faced concrete. The fair-faced concrete is prepared from a binding material, a composite water reducer, water and aggregate, wherein the amount of the binding material in the fair-faced concrete is 380-480kg/m<3>; the binding material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-70 parts of cement, 10-30 parts of coal ashes and 20-50 parts of granulated blast-furnace slag; the amount of the composite water reducer accounts for 0.5%-1.1% of the binding material; the composite water reducer comprises a polycarboxylate superplasticizer, a defoamer, an air entraining agent and a tackifier; the amount of water accounts for 0.32-0.45 times of the binding material; and the balance is the aggregate. The invention further relates to an application of the fair-faced concrete in ocean engineering construction. The fair-faced concrete provided by the invention is excellent in chloride ion permeability resistance, smooth in surface, and uniform in color and luster; the sum of the area of air bubbles of which the surface area is greater than 1m<2> is not greater than 6*10<-4>m<2>; the maximal diameter of the air bubbles is not greater than 5mm; the depth is not greater than 5mm; and the fair-faced concrete is low in air content and bleeding rate, and can be used in an ocean environment for a long period of time.

The invention discloses a composite nanostructure based on a three-dimensional porous transition metal carbide Ti3C2MXene and a general preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of nanomaterials. The three-dimensional composite structure is composed of a three-dimensional porous Mxene-supported inorganic nanostructure, and has a honeycomb hierarchical porous structure. A precursor of atwo-dimensional transition metal carbide and a metal-organic framework compound is subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis or a chemical reaction in an inert or reactive atmosphere to prepare the composite nanostructure with a controllable size. According to the composite nanostructure, stacking of MXene itself is inhibited, an active surface area, porosity, and ion permeability of MXene are increased, and thereby a surface interface of MXene is efficiently used. At the same time, introduction of the metal-organic framework compound realizes uniform and stable compounding of the three-dimensional porous MXene and an inorganic nanomaterial, the fundamental difficult problem that plagues exerting and application of inorganic nanomaterial performance is solved, and the composite nanostructurehas wide application prospects in the fields such as catalysis, energy, photo-electricity, space technology, and military industry.

The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-corrosive paint and provides an ocean engineering concrete anti-corrosive paint which comprises the components with the proportion as follows: 10%-15% of elastic epoxy resin, 20%-30% of E51 epoxy resin, 2%-5% of reactive diluents, 25%-30% of anti-corrosive pigment, 10%-15% of filling, 0.5%-1.0% of additive and 20%-30% of curing agent. The paint has the effects as follows: the content of solid is high and can be more than 98 percent; the paint has environmental friendliness; the paint without solvent avoids the problem that solvent of solvent type paint volatilizes during drying and causes air holes; the paint without the solvent has better resistance to chloride ion permeability; the thickness of the paint can be 500microns just by painting a layer; the paint can satisfy the requirement of the ocean engineering concrete paint protection design just by painting once, thereby reducing the construction cost and saving constructing time; and the paint has good ductility, ensures the integrality of a coating in service and realizes the long acting property of anticorrosion.

The invention discloses a bipolar membrane and a preparation method thereof. In the invention, metal phthalocyanine derivants are adhered to at least one monopolar membrane in the bipolar membrane to form the bipolar membrane of an intermediate interface layer formed by the metal phthalocyanine derivants. The bipolar membrane prepared by the method has the advantages of acid resistance and alkali resistance, high hydrolysis efficiency, high hydrogen and hydroxyl ion permeability, high working current density, small membrane impedance, low working voltage, simple overall bipolar membrane preparation process and the like.

Provided is a laminated porous film suitable as a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator, which includes a heat resistant layer excellent in morphological stability at a high temperature and ion permeability and more resistant to fall-off of a filler. A laminated porous film in which a heat resistant layer including a binder resin and a filler and a base porous film including a polyolefin as a principal component are laminated, wherein the filler included in the heat resistant layer substantially consists of an inorganic filler (a) having a primary particle diameter of 0.2 to 1 μm and an inorganic filler (b) having a primary particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.1 μm, and the particle diameter of secondary aggregates of the inorganic filler (b) is not more than 2 times the primary particle diameter of the inorganic filler (a) in the heat resistant layer.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ion exchange membranes, and relates to a nonionic hydrophilic side-chain polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane and a preparation method thereof. The method is completed by the steps of deprotonation of PBI, nucleophilic substitution, membrane formation, acid absorption and the like. The nonionic hydrophilic side chain induces the formation of a microscopic phase separation structure and hydrophilic nano channels in the membrane; and as an effective proton transfer path, the hydrophilic nano channels obviously enhance the proton conductivity of the membrane. Meanwhile, due to the moderate pore size of the hydrophilic nano channels and the Donnan effect of the protonated PBI, the vanadium ion permeability of the membrane is low. In addition, no ion-exchange group is introduced, so the grafted PBI membrane maintains favorable chemical stability of the original PBI membrane in an all-vanadium redox flow battery. The nonionic hydrophilic side-chainPBI membrane has favorable comprehensive properties, i.e., has superhigh proton conductivity, high ion permselectivity and favorable chemical stability.

The invention discloses a Li-S battery capable of performing impulsive discharge. The Li-S battery comprises electrolyte, and a battery cell comprising an anode component, a cathode component and a composite membrane, wherein the composite membrane mainly comprises a base membrane and a coating layer, coated on the base membrane, with single lithium-ion permeability; perfluoro lithium sulfonamide polymer electrolyte in the coating layer adopts a perfluoro carbon chain as a main chain, and a side chain contains Si-O or C-O repetitive units and fixed large anion end groups. The invention further discloses a Li-S reserve battery capable of performing impulsive discharge. The Li-S reserve battery mainly adopts the structure that a vesicle type electrolyte storage structure is added on the basis of the Li-S battery. The preparation method of the Li-S battery comprises firstly preparing a cathode plate, preparing a composite membrane, activating the composite membrane, then preparing a battery cell, and finally assembling the composite membrane and the battery cell, so as to obtain the Li-S reserve battery. The Li-S battery, the Li-S reserve battery and the preparation methods thereof have the advantages that the product circularity is good, the energy density is high, high-rate discharge can be performed, and the rate capability is good.

The invention discloses an imidazolium salt side group-containing poly(ether ether sulfone) anion-exchange membrane which can be used for vanadium batteries. The imidazolium salt side group-containing poly(ether ether sulfone) anion-exchange membrane possesses a structure represented by formula (I). According to a preparation method, a bisphenol monomer containing methyl and dichlorodiphenylsulfone are taken as raw materials; poly(ether ether sulfone) containing methyl is obtained via copolymerization; bromination reaction is carried out so as to obtain polymers with different bromination degrees; an imidazole agent is added for amination and quaternization so as to obtain poly(ether ether sulfone) containing imidazolium salt side groups; and at last the imidazolium salt side group-containing poly(ether ether sulfone) anion-exchange membrane is prepared. Poly(ether ether sulfone) main chains possess relatively excellent physical, chemical, and mechanical properties; the imidazolium salt side group possess relatively excellent chemical stability and ion exchange performance; so that using requirements of vanadium redox flow cell proton exchange membranes can be satisfied; the imidazolium salt side group-containing poly(ether ether sulfone) anion-exchange membrane possesses relatively high ionic conductivity, low vanadium ion permeability, and excellent battery cycling performance and chemical stability.

The invention discloses a piece of diaphragm cloth for a water electrolyser and a method for producing the diaphragm cloth. The diaphragm cloth is a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric or a knitted fabric made of polyphenylene sulfide fiber, the average aperture of the diaphragm cloth is smaller than 10 micrometers, and the venting quality of the diaphragm cloth is 2 L/cm<2>/min or lower under the pressure of 3 KPa. The diaphragm cloth has the advantages of being high in gas tightness, hydrophilcity and ion permeability, and has the advantages of being low in cost, safe, environmentally friendly, light in weight, rapid and efficient in production, free of pollution, easy to operate and capable of saving energy at the same time.

The invention discloses diaphragm cloth for a water electrolyser and a producing method thereof. The diaphragm cloth is high density woven fabric formed by polyphenylene sulfide fiber with the diameter ranging from 4 mum to 12 mum, the thickness of the diaphragm cloth is 0.2-3.0 mm, and the gram weight is 200-600 g/m<2>. The diaphragm cloth has the advantages of being high in air tightness, good in hydrophilia, good in ion permeability, low in cost, safe, environment-friendly and light in weight. The producing method is quick, efficient, free of pollution, simple in operation and capable of saving energy.