The invention discloses a novel preparation method of baloxavir acid, comprising: taking a substrate (12aR)-12-[(11S)-7,8-difluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]
thiazine-11-yl]-7-(hexyloxy)-3,4,12,12a-tetrahydro-1H-[1,4]oxazino[3,4-c]pyrido[2,1-f][1,2,4]
triazine-6,8-dione methanesulfonate, an
organic reaction solvent and a dealkylation agent for reaction, and adding one or more of
sodium thiosulfate and a
hydrate thereof during the reaction. The
sulfur atoms in the molecules of
sodium thiosulfate and its
hydrate have a certain affinity with the
sulfur atoms in the substrate molecules, and a temporary interaction or coordination is formed between them during the reaction, thereby regulating the
reaction product to transform toward a dominant stereo configuration and generate a desired product, thereby improving the
stereoselectivity of the reaction, and reducing side reactions such as configuration flipping or
isomerization of the substrate, so that the generation of baloxavir acid in the reaction process is dominant, the generation of isomers is inhibited, and the purity and yield of baloxavir acid are improved through post-treatment
solid-liquid separation and purification.