2306 results about "Carbonate ester" patented technology

The magnetic recording medium comprises a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder on a nonmagnetic support. In the magnetic recording medium, a number of protrusions equal to or greater than 10 nm in height on the magnetic layer surface, as measured by an atomic force microscope, ranges from 50 to 500/1,600 μm², the binder comprises a polyurethane resin with a weight average molecular weight ranging from 100,000 to 200,000, and the magnetic layer further comprises a carbonic ester having a molecular weight ranging from 360 to 460.

A non-aqueous electrolyte lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an electrolyte dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the cathode is composed of a material containing a lithium complex oxide, the anode is composed of a material containing graphite and the non-aqueous solvent contains, as main components, a cyclic carbonate and a linear carbonate and 0.1 to 4% by weight, based upon the total weight of the non-aqueous solvent, of a sultone derivative having the general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom and n is an integer of 0 to 2.

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing a cyclic carbonate ester by the catalysis of immobilized ionic liquid. The invention is characterized by utilizing a chemical method to prepare an immobilized ionic liquid catalyst. In the method, a mesoporous molecular sieve is used as a carrier; and the immobilized ionic liquid catalyst is prepared through different steps and catalyzes an epoxy compound to produce the cyclic carbonate ester. Compared with the prior immobilized catalyst, the immobilized catalyst is utilized to greatly improve a yield rate and selectivity in a short reaction time under a lower reaction temperature and a lower reaction pressure.

The invention discloses a preparing method of poly (carbonic ester-ether) polyalcohol. Rare-earth doped bi-metal cyanides based on Zn3[Co(CN)6]2 serve as catalysts, carboxylic acids serve as chain transfer agents, and carbon dioxide and epoxy compounds are performed with a copolymerization reaction to obtain the poly (carbonic ester-ether) polyalcohol. Compared with the prior art, the carboxylic acids serve as chain transfer agents, and due to the fact that the carboxylic acids are strong in coordination capability, faster in chain transfer, capable of restraining continuous inserting of epoxy monomers and free of ether structure, unit content of carbonic ester is improved, and the prepared poly (carbonic ester-ether) polyalcohol has higher carbonic ester unit content. Experimental results indicate that molecular weight of the prepared poly (carbonic ester-ether) polyalcohol is 1500g/mol-5000g/mol, molecular weight distribution is 1.11-1.50, unit content of the carbonic ester is 40%-80%, catalytic activity is larger than 1.0kg/gLn-DMC, and cyclic carbonic ester content is less than 10wt%.

The invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte for high-voltage lithium ion batteries, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70-85% of carbonate, 3-20% of functional additive and 11-17% of lithium hexafluorophosphate. The carbonate is one or mixture of more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate and methyl butyl carbonate; and the functional additive is one or mixture of more of 0.5-10% of negative pole film-forming additive, 0.5-10% of high-temperature additive, 0.5-10% of positive pole film-forming additive, 0.5-10% of high-voltage additive and 0.001-2% of stability additive. The invention solves the problem of adaptation of the lithium ion battery electrolyte to the 4.35V high-voltage battery positive/negative pole, and provides an electrolyte for high-voltage batteries, which has the advantages of high cycle life, low inflation rate and favorable high-temperature properties.

The present invention relates to an aqueous polyurethane coating composition comprising:

• 1) 1 to 99 wt. % of the reaction product of:
  • a) a polyol component, which is soluble or dispersible in water and is the reaction product of a polyisocyanate component containing 50 to 100 wt. % of an aliphatic diisocyanate, a polyol component containing one or more polyether polyols and having an OH number of 25 to 350 mg KOH/g solids and an isocyanate-reactive component containing at least one group capable of salt formation; and
  • b) polyisocyanate component, which is soluble or dispersible in water, has blocked isocyanate groups and is the reaction product of one or more polyisocyanates having an isocyanurate group content of 2 to 30 wt. %, a reversible, monofunctional blocking agent for isocyanate groups, a nonionic hydrophilic component and a stabilizing component which has 1 to 2 hydrazide groups and a molecular weight of 70 to 300; and
• 2) 1 to 99 wt. % of an aqueous polyurethane dispersion prepared from at least one polycarbonate polyol,

wherein the total wt. % of components 1) and 2) add up to 100%.

The invention provides methods for synthesizing oligonucleotides using nucleoside monomers having carbonate protected hydroxyl groups that are deprotected with α-effect nucleophiles. The α-effect nucleophile irreversibly cleave the carbonate protecting groups while simultaneously oxidizing the internucleotide phosphite triester linkage to a phosphodiester linkage. The procedure may be carried out in aqueous solution at neutral to mildly basic pH. The method eliminates the need for separate deprotection and oxidation steps, and, since the use of acid to remove protecting groups is unnecessary, acid-induced depurination is avoided. Fluorescent or other readily detectable carbonate protecting groups can be used, enabling monitoring of individual reaction steps during oligonucleotide synthesis. The invention is particularly useful in the highly parallel, microscale synthesis of oligonucleotides.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing polycarbonate comprising the steps of: (i) introducing to an extruder through a feed port a plurality of reaction components comprising a polycarbonate oligomer, an activated carbonate residue, and a transesterification catalyst, wherein the extruder comprises the feed port, a first back vent port, and a polycarbonate exit port, wherein the feed port is located between the first back vent port and the polycarbonate exit port, and wherein the resistance to flow of the reaction components from the feed port to the first back vent port is less than or equal to the resistance to flow of the reaction components from the feed port to the polycarbonate exit port; and (ii) extruding the reaction components at one or more temperatures in a range between 100° C. and 400° C., wherein during the extrusion of the reaction components, activated carbonate residue is removed through the first back vent port, thereby preparing a polycarbonate.

There is provided a non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising an electrolyte salt, a specific fluorine-containing solvent and a fluorine-containing cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (A1):

wherein X¹ to X⁴ are the same or different and each is —H, —F, —CF₃, —CHF₂, —CH₂F, —CF₂CF₃, —CH₂CF₃ or —CH₂OCH₂CF₂CF₃; at least one of X¹ to X⁴ is —F, —CF₃, —CF₂CF₃, —CH₂CF₃ or —CH₂OCH₂CF₂CF₃, and the non-aqueous electrolytic solution has further excellent noncombustibility and is suitable for lithium secondary batteries.

The above-described and other deficiencies of the art are met by a method of making a polycarbonate polymer comprising isosorbide carbonate units, comprising melt reacting a dihydroxy compound comprising an isosorbide of the general formula (2a):

and an activated carbonate, in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of a sodium salt capable of providing a hydroxide ion, wherein the polycarbonate polymer comprises greater than or equal to 50 mol % isosorbide carbonate units, and wherein the polycarbonate polymer has a Mw of greater than or equal to about 40,000 g/mol as determined by gel-permeation chromatography relative to polystyrene standards. Polycarbonates comprising the isosorbide carbonate unit, including isosorbide homopolycarbonate and an isosorbide-based polyester-polycarbonate, are also disclosed, as are a thermoplastic composition and an article including the isosorbide-based polycarbonate polymer.

A process is provided for the start-up of an ethylene epoxidation process comprising: (a) contacting a catalyst bed comprising a high selectivity epoxidation catalyst with a feed comprising ethylene, oxygen and an organic chloride for a period of time until an increase of at least 1×10⁻⁵ mole-% of vinyl chloride (calculated as the moles of vinyl chloride relative to the total gas mixture), preferably 2×10⁻⁵ mole-% of vinyl chloride is detected in a reactor outlet gas or a recycle gas loop; and (b) subsequently adjusting the quantity of organic chloride in the feed to a value sufficient to produce ethylene oxide at a substantially optimum selectivity.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion electrolytes, and in particular relates to a lithium-ion battery electrolyte with both high and low temperature performances. The electrolyte comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate, mixed organic solvents, filming additives, additives for improving the dielectric constant and the low temperature infiltration capability, and a lithium salt type additive, wherein the mixed organic solvents comprise a carbonic ester solvent and a linear carboxylic ester solvent; the linear carboxylic ester solvent in the mixed organic solvents is one or a mixture of more than two of ethyl propionate, propionic acid n-propyl ester, n-propyl acetate, acetic acid n-butyl ester and isobutyl acetate; and the additives for improving the dielectric constant and the low temperature infiltration capability are one or a mixture of more than two of fluoro ethylene carbonate, difluoro ethylene carbonate and 4-trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate. A battery prepared from the lithium-ion battery electrolyte with both high and low temperature performances is long in service life, and both the good low temperature discharge performance of the battery is ensured, and the storage performance of the battery at the high temperature of 60 DEG C is effectively considered.

An electrochemical device includes a case, a nonaqueous electrolyte filled in the case and containing a room temperature molten salt in an amount of 1 to 50 vol %, a first electrode housed in the case, and a second electrode housed in the case and containing a substance having a lamellar crystal structure. The room temperature molten salt contains a cation represented by formula (1) or formula (2) given below.

R¹ includes a carbonic acid ester group. Each of R² and R³ denotes a substituent having an acyclic structure and having 4 or less carbon atoms, or R² and R³ are combined to denote a substituent having a cyclic structure and having 4 or 5 carbon atoms.

R⁴ includes a carbonic acid ester group, R⁵ has an acyclic structure and has 4 or less carbon atoms, and R⁶ denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

This invention relates to a cycloaddition synthesis method for cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides. In this method, both supported catalysts and cocatalysts are adopted and the cycloaddition reaction is kept at a temperature of 50~200 deg.C and a carbon dioxide pressure of 0.1~10MPa for 0.5~10 hours. Qualitative and quantitative analysis with 6890/5973 chromatography-MS and NMR shows that the product purity is over 99% and the highest separation yield can be up to 95%. Compared to current methods, no organic solvents are adopted in this invention and therefore it is free from the toxicity of bezene, dichloromethane, and so on.

The invention discloses a method for preparing aliphatic polycarbonates by catalyzing by the metal cyanide coordination catalyst. In a high pressure reactor, the metal cyanide coordination catalyst is utilized to catalyze epoxide and carbon dioxide body or solution copolymerization, wherein, the copolymerization temperature is 20-150 DEG C; the carbon dioxide pressure is 0.5-10MPa; the reaction time is 1-48h; the catalyst concentration is 1-100kg epoxide/g catalyst; the polymerization activity is more than 1.0kg of polymer/g catalyst; the weight-average molecular weight of the copolymer is more than 80 thousand; the molecular weight distribution is 1.5-4; the alternation degree of the copolymer is more than 90%; the cyclic carbonate by-product is less than 5wt%; the CO2 fixed rate of CO2/epoxypropane copolymer is more than 40wt%; and the CO2 fixed rate of CO2/cyclohexene oxide copolymer is more than 30wt%.

The invention discloses nonaqueous electrolyte for a high-voltage lithium ion battery. The nonaqueous electrolyte consists of a solvent, an inorganic lithium salt, a fluoro-ester additive, a sultone additive, an organic tri-nitrile additive, a bi(polyfluoroalkoxy sulfonyl) imine lithium salt and a lithium battery electrolyte additive, wherein the addition amount of the solvent is 100 weight parts; the addition amount of the fluoro-carbonate additive is 0.2-10 weight parts; the addition amount of the nitrile additive is 0.2-10 weight parts; the addition amount of the bi(polyfluoroalkoxy sulfonyl) imine lithium salt is 0.2-10 weight parts; the addition amount of the common lithium battery electrolyte additive is 0-10 weight parts; the solvent refers to cyclic carbonate and/or chain carbonate; and the molar concentration of the inorganic lithium salt in the solvent is 0.8-1.5mol/L. According to combined use of the sultone additive, the fluoro-ester carbonate additive, the bi(polyfluoroalkoxy sulfonyl) imine lithium salt and the organic tri-nitrile additive, the oxidation resistance of the SEI film during primary formation of the electrolyte can be improved, and the normal-temperature and high-temperature cycle performance of the high-voltage electrolyte is obviously improved.

A process for preparing cyclic carbonate features that catalytic cycloaddition reaction of CO2 on epoxy compound at 100-140 deg.C and 1.5-4.5 MPa for 4-8 hrs under the existance of the catalyst whichis composed of azacyclic compound (halogenated alkylpyridine or halogenated 1,3-dialkyl imidazole) and non-metal halide, and the cocatalyst which is alkali-metal halide or ammonium tetrebutyl bromide. Its advantages are high catalytic activity, smooth reaction condition, easy separation of resultant from catalyst, and cyclic use of catalyst.

The invention provides a lithium ion battery electrolyte and a high-energy-density lithium ion battery using the same. The lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt and additives. The additives comprise a negative electrode film-forming additive, a nitrile or ether nitrile compound, an acid anhydride compound and a lithium salt type additive. Accordingto the lithium ion battery electrolyte, 0.3-20wt% of the negative electrode film-forming additive such as vinylene carbonate and/or fluorocarbonate can form an excellent SEI film on a carbon-containing negative electrode, a silicon-containing negative electrode or a silicon carbon alloy negative electrode and the like, thereby stabilizing the negative electrode and ensuring excellent battery performance; 0.2-6.5wt% of the nitrile or ether nitrile compound, the acid anhydride compound and a combination of them can complex metal ions of a positive electrode or form a protective film on the surface of the positive electrode, thereby stabilizing the positive electrode and improving battery performance; and the 0.5-3 wt% of the lithium salt type additive in the lithium ion battery electrolytecan lower the impedance of the battery so as to improve the low temperature performance of the battery or improve the high temperature performance of the battery.

A polyvinyl acetal resin varnish which is so low in stimulus property, toxicity, environment-polluting property, offensive odor, and inflammability that no problem is caused in practical use, and which is high in safety, low in viscosity, and thus favorable in workability, and an application of the polyvinyl acetal resin varnish are provided. As an organic solvent for dissolving the polyvinyl acetal resin, there is used a nonaqueous solvent, preferably carbonate ester, and more preferably a mixed solvent composed of cyclic carbonate ester and chain carbonate ester, into which the polyvinyl acetal resin is evenly dissolved regardless of its type, resulting in varnish which is high in safety and low in viscosity. Since the varnish has an action of gelling the organic solvent, the varnish can be used as a gelling agent in various applications.