The invention discloses a method for preparing
phenol by utilizing a
biomass raw material, which comprises the following steps: 1) crushing
biomass, adding the crushed
biomass into a caustic alkali solution to carry out
hemicellulose removal treatment, and carrying out
solid-liquid separation to take a
solid substance, so as to obtain
hemicellulose-removed biomass; 2) adding the
hemicellulose-removed biomass into an
ethylene glycol-
ferric chloride eutectic
solvent for
lignin extraction, then adding an
acetone-water
mixed solution, then carrying out
solid-liquid separation, taking a liquid substance, adding water to precipitate the
lignin, then carrying out solid-liquid separation, and taking a
solid substance to obtain the
lignin; and 3) pyrolyzing the lignin in a protective
atmosphere to obtain lignin oil containing
phenol. The method for preparing
phenol from biomass raw materials has the advantages of simple operation, high phenol yield, high product purity, low
energy consumption, safety,
environmental protection and the like, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.