962results about How to "Atom utilization is high" patented technology

The invention provides a preparation method for (I) 2- amido -2-[2-(4- alkyl phenyl)ethyl]-1ú¼3- propanediol, which comprises: using alkyl benzene (II) as initial material, with Lewis acid existing, to take Friedel-Crafts acylating reaction with 3- halogenated propionyl chloride and generate beta- halogenated alkylpropiophenone (IV); reducing IV by hydride to obtain 3- nitro -1-(4- alkyl phenyl) propanol (V); preparing 2- nitro -2- methylol -4-(4- alkyl phenyl)-1ú¼4butanediol (VI) by hydroxymethylation; reducing nitro and removing benzalcoholhydroxy to VI and obtaining the objective product.

The invention provides a synthesis method of a palladium nano sheet, and relates to a palladium nano material. The method comprises the following steps: adding a palladium precursor, a surface protectant, and halogen ion-containing organic salt or halogen ion-containing inorganic salt to a solvent to obtain mixed liquor; placing the mixed liquor under a carbon monoxide atmosphere, and heating to 10-200 DEG C; and then cooling to room temperature, adding acetone, carrying out centrifugal purification, and cleaning to obtain the palladium nano sheet. The synthesized palladium nano sheet has the advantages of high yield greater than 80%, uniform particle diameter with the deviation smaller than 10%, ultrathin structure with the thickness about 1.8nm, larger specific area, high atom utilization ratio and favorable electro-catalytic activity. The size of the obtained palladium nano sheet can be well adjusted. The palladium nano sheet has good near-infrared spectrum absorption feature, has prodigious potential application in the biological thermal therapy, such as the application in the near-infrared thermal therapy for tumors; and the palladium nano sheet has favorable electro-catalytic performance.

The invention provides a preparing method of a carbon-loaded monoatomic metal nitrogen-containing compound oxygen reduction catalyst. The method comprises the steps of pre-oxidizing nitrogen-containing biomass at a first high temperature, after a pre-oxidized product is uniformly mixed with a transition metal source and a pore-forming agent, conducting first calcination at a second high temperature in an inert gas atmosphere, after a calcined product is subjected to acid pickling, washing and drying, conducting second calcination again at the second high temperature, and finally, obtaining thecarbon-loaded monoatomic metal nitrogen-containing compound oxygen reduction catalyst. The preparing method has the advantages of being low in raw material cost, simple in preparing technology and the like; the prepared catalyst has the advantages of being high in pH universality, atom utilization rate, catalytic performance and stability, excellent in methyl alcohol resistance and the like, is expected to replace expensive carbon-loaded platinum catalysts, and is about to have a wide application prospect in efficient and cheap large-scale commercialized fuel cells.

The invention relates to a preparation method of hydroxylamine salt, which adopts a hydroxylamine synthesis assembly process. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of cyclohexanone-oxime: carrying out one-step synthesis on ammonia water, oxydol and cyclohexanone by using a titanium silicon molecular sieve as a catalyst and water as a reaction medium to obtain the cyclohexanone-oxime; and (2) synthesis of hydroxylamine: carrying out acidic hydrolysis on the cyclohexanone-oxime to generate he hydroxylamine salt and byproduct cyclohexanone, wherein the generated cyclohexanone can be used as a raw material to reenter the green assembly process and participate in the reaction (1). The invention has the advantages of high atom utilization ratio and high yield of the hydroxylamine salt product, the raw material cyclohexanone (oxime) can be recycled, and the titanium silicon molecular sieve catalyst is reusable, thereby saving the production cost.

The invention provides a method for coproducing cyclohexanol and alkanol. The method comprises the following steps: preparing benzene and/or cyclohexane into cyclohexene, carrying out addition-esterification on the cyclohexene in a catalytic distillation tower, obtaining carboxylic acid/ cyclohexyl carboxylate material flow at the bottom of the tower, hydrogenating the material flow to obtain the cyclohexanol and the alkanol. The esterification and hydrogenation reactions in the method have high conversion rate and selectivity, and high atom economy; the process is environment-friendly; the alkanol is coproduced when the cyclohexanol is produced, in particular, when acetic acid is used, the cheap acetic acid is converted into ethanol with high cost and large market capacity in an indirect manner, so as to increase the economical efficiency of the process.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of selenium-containing polymers, and discloses a method for preparing polyselenourea/polyselenoamide through multi-component polymerizationof elemental selenium, isonitrile/alkyne and amine. The method comprises: carrying out a reaction on elemental selenium, a binary triple bond compound and a diamine in an organic solvent under an inert atmosphere, and subsequently treating to obtain a selenium-containing polymer, wherein the binary triple bond compound is binary isonitrile or binary alkyne, and the selenium-containing polymer is polyselenourea or polyselenoamide. According to the present invention, the method has characteristics of mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, energy saving, no catalyst, no by-product generation,atomic economy, green chemistry, low monomer toxicity, high atom utilization rate and high yield (more than or equal to 90%); the group has strong tolerance, and a variety of functional groups can beintroduced into the monomer; and the polyselenourea/polyselenoamide is stable, and can be degraded under specific conditions.

The invention provides a preparation method and applications for a metal monoatomic material. The method selects a metallic compound containing a metal-nonmetal coordination structure; destruction toa catalytically active structure can be effectively prevented through a processing mode of performing pyrolysis after the metallic compound, a protective agent and any carbon substrates are simply mixed; and therefore, the metal monoatomic material can be efficiently prepared and shows good performance. The technical route of the method is simple and effective and has universality and good application prospects.

The invention provides a method for co-producing cyclohexanol and ethanol, which is characterized in that benzene is taken as an initial raw material, selective hydrogenation through benzene, addition esterification of cyclohexene, and hydrogenation of acetate and cyclohexyl acetate are carried out to co-produce cyclohexanol and ethanol. The method has the following characteristics that 1)the esterification reaction and the hydrogenation reaction of acid and ester have high selectivity, and the atom utilization rate is high; 2)the process is eco-friendly; 3) when cyclohexanol is produced, ethanol is simultaneously co-produced; and 4) the reaction rectification is employed for addition esterification, and the reaction efficiency can be obviously increased.

The invention discloses a preparation method of 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide. The preparation method comprises a sulfonation reaction and a dehydration condensation reaction, wherein in the sulfonation reaction, methanesulfonic acid and a sulfonating agent are subjected to the sulfonation reaction, and methylene disulfonic acid is obtained; in the dehydration condensation reaction, methylene disulfonic acid prepared by the sulfonation reaction and a formaldehyde compound are dissolved in an organic solvent and subjected to the dehydration condensation reaction in the presence of adehydrating agent, a crude product of 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide is produced and added to water to be washed, and a refined product of 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide is obtained after drying. According to the preparation method of 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide, the traditional method for obtaining intermediate methylene disulfonic acid from sodium methylene disulfonate as a raw material by precipitation, acidification and dehydration is abandoned, and methylene disulfonic acid is directly obtained from methanesulfonic acid by sulfonation. The method has simple preparation process, high atom utilization rate, little three-waste and high yield.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a highly-dispersed supported catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding tannic acid and a carrier into an active metal precursor solution, adjusting a pH value of an obtained solution to 8 to 11, carrying out a reaction for 1 to 3 h, and carrying out filtering, drying and reducing so as to obtain the highly-dispersed supported catalyst. Due to the chelating and stabilizing actions of the tannic acid, the universality of the carrier is high, and an oxide carrier with defects is no longer limited. The above-mentioned method is simple and effective and has easily-available raw materials, low cost and important industrial application prospects. The invention also discloses the highly-dispersed supported catalyst prepared by using the above-mentioned method provided by the invention. The highly-dispersed supported catalyst has high active metal dispersity and high atom utilization rate. The invention also disclosesan application of the highly-dispersed supported catalyst in a hydroformylation reaction of olefin and a hydroesterification reaction of unsaturated hydrocarbon. The highly-dispersed supported catalyst provided by the invention has high catalytic efficiency and good selectivity; and compared with a conventional homogeneous catalyst, the highly-dispersed supported catalyst provided by the invention is easy to be separated from a hydroformylation reaction system and a hydroesterification reaction system, so the cost of recovery is reduced.

The invention relates to a method for coproducing cyclohexanol and ethanol, which comprises the following steps: carrying out addition esterification reaction on acetic acid and cyclohexene by using reaction rectification to prepare cyclohexyl acetate; and hydrogenating the cyclohexyl acetate to coproduce the cyclohexanol and ethanol. The method can be used for coproducing the cyclohexanol and ethanol at high efficiency and low cost.

The invention provides a co-producing method and a device for cyclohexanol and ethanol. Benzene is employed as a starting material and the cyclohexanol and the ethanol are co-produced by a selective hydrogenation reaction of benzene, an additive esterification reaction of cyclohexene and a hydrogenation reaction of cyclohexyl acetate. The invention also provides a device for achieving the method. The co-producing method is characterized in that: (1) both of the esterification reaction and the ester hydrogenation reaction are greatly high in selectivity with an atom utilization rate being greatly high; (2) the producing process is environment friendly; (3) the cyclohexanol and the ethanol are co-produced; (4) the additive esterification reaction is carried out in a manner of reactive distillation, so that not only is the reaction efficiency significantly increased but also the extractive rectification separating process is simplified.

The invention relates to a CuAu bimetallic catalyst, and a preparation method and application of the CuAu bimetallic catalyst. The preparation method comprises the steps: dissolving a cuprum source and an aurum source in water simultaneously, adding ammonia water to form a metal complex, adding a mesoporous silicon molecular sieve as a carrier, heating to remove ammonia by evaporation after regulating pH (potential of hydrogen), and performing subsequent roasting and reduction activation to form the CuAu bimetallic catalyst. According to the method, Cu and Au ingredients are simultaneously loaded on the carrier by one step by an ammonia evaporation method; the Cu and Au active ingredients are dispersed highly; the CuAu bimetallic catalyst with higher activity is obtained; the catalytic efficiency is improved; and a novel means is provided for preparing the high activity loaded CuAu bimetallic catalyst. The catalyst is applied to a reaction of ethylene carbonate catalytic hydrogenation for cogeneration of methanol and glycol; a conversion rate of ethylene carbonate can reach 100%; the selectivity of glycol can reach 100%; the selectivity of methanol can reach above 70%; and the catalyst shows an excellent catalytic performance.

The invention provides a method for producing cyclohexanol, which is characterized in that benzene is taken as an initial raw material, selective hydrogenation through benzene, addition esterification of cyclohexene, and hydrogenation of acetate and cyclohexyl acetate are carried out to produce cyclohexanol, and can co-produce cyclohexanol and ethanol. The method has the following characteristics that 1)the esterification reaction and the hydrogenation reaction have high selectivity, and the atom utilization rate is high; 2)the process is eco-friendly; and 3) when cyclohexanol is produced, ethanol is simultaneously co-produced.

The invention provides a nano-composite catalyst and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of catalyzing, and solves the problem that the conventional load nano-composite oxide catalyst is low in nano-composite degree, and poor in catalyzing performance. The nano-composite catalyst is obtained by the flowing steps based on the condition that a surface-active agent is not used: firstly, reducing composite oxide crystal lattices or first metal ions mixed in the crystal lattices so as to obtain nano-metal granules containing first metal; and then introducing second metal into the surface of the first metal by Galvanic substitution reaction so as to obtain the nano-composite catalyst. Compared with the conventional catalyst, the nano-composite catalyst has more efficient catalyzing performance when being used for catalytic reaction of VOC (volatile organic compound) removal, automobile tail gas purification, formaldehyde removal, methane combustion, hydrogenation, hydrogenolysis, ammonia synthesis, ammonia decomposition, hydrocarbon synthesis, hydroformylation and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrocatalysis, and discloses a monatomic iron-sulfur-nitrogen co-doped carbon aerogel electrocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. Iron in the carbon aerogel electrocatalyst is dispersed in sulfur-nitrogen co-doped carbon aerogel in a monatomic form, and the content of iron atoms in the electrocatalyst is 0.1-1wt%, the contentof sulfur atoms is 2-6wt%, and the content of nitrogen atoms is 2-10wt%; the specific surface area of the carbon aerogel electrocatalyst is 150-500 m < 2 > g <-1 >, the pore volume is 0.01-0.1 cm < 3> g <-1 >, and the pore size is 2-10 nm. Urea is dissolved, and then carrageenan and ferric nitrate are added until carrageenan and ferric nitrate are completely dissolved; the aerogel formed by freeze drying of the obtained mixed solution is calcined and subjected to acid treatment to obtain the electrocatalyst, and the electrocatalyst can be used for catalyzing nitrogen to be reduced into ammonia and zinc-nitrogen batteries and has the advantages of being high in catalytic activity, simple in preparation method, easy to operate and low in cost.