The invention relates to the field of
ion batteries, in particular to a
metal compound soft and hard carbon
composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. A
polyphenol hydroxyl structure in a
polyphenol substance generates a strong
chelation effect and a multivalent effect, a complex formed by the
polyphenol substance and
metal ions shows excellent stability, after high-temperature
calcination, the
surface layer is coated with soft carbon and a hard carbon template to complete
heteroatom doping, and an intermediate complex is fired into a target compound. A hard carbon-
metal compound-soft carbon three-layer
coating structure relieves
volume expansion and provides good electrochemical performance, and soft
carbon coating reduces contact between hard carbon and
electrolyte and improves the first efficiency of the battery.
Biomass waste is adopted to be suitable for
acid treatment and purification, the consistency of hard carbon is greatly improved, a uniform
cellulose hard carbon template is prepared, meanwhile, polyphenol substances and
cellulose have strong non-power-supply interaction, combination of the polyphenol substances and the
cellulose is firmer through a cross-linking agent, formation of a complex on the cellulose template is facilitated, and the
structural stability is enhanced.