2019 results about "Atom economy" patented technology

The invention relates to hydrocracking of lignin, and specifically relates to a method for applying a tungsten-based catalyst to catalyze lignin hydrocracking for producing an aromatic compound. The catalyst comprises a main active component of non-zero-valent tungsten, and a second metal component of a small amount of one or more transition metals selected from zero-valent nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, palladium, platinum, iron, and copper. According to the method, raw materials such as lignin, biomass hydrolysis residue, lignosulfonate, and alkaline lignin are subject to catalytic hydrogenation under a hydrothermal condition with a temperature of 120 to 450 DEG C and a hydrogen pressure of 1 to 20MPa; the raw materials are cracked into C6-C9 phenolic compounds with high selectivity. A maximal phenol yield reaches 55.6%. Compared to existing technologies, according to the invention, renewable natural biomasses are adopted as raw materials, such that the raw materials are cheap, and have wide sources; inorganic acid and alkali are not required, such the production of a large amount of alkaline solution in traditional lignin catalysis is avoided; the tungsten-based catalyst is cheap; the reaction process is green, and has atom economical characteristics.

The invention provides a method for producing lead oxide by recovering waste lead-acid batteries based on an atom economy way and belongs to the field of chemical industry for clearing and recovering waste lead-acid batteries. The method comprises the steps of: heating lead paste and lead powder of the lead-acid batteries, and then carrying out solid phase mixing reaction, sodium hydroxide alkaline desulfurization and sodium hydroxide leaching to directly obtain a lead-bearing alkaline solution and filter residue; and carrying out purification and cooling crystallization on the solution so as to obtain high-purity lead oxide and a by-product sodium sulfate so as to eliminate the defect that a large quantity of chemical raw materials are required to be consumed in a conventional synthesis process of the lead oxide so that the method is a clean and energy-saving new technology and has a large-scale industrial application prospect.

This invention provides methods for producing ethylene glycol from polyhydroxy compounds such as cellulose, starch, hemicellulose, glucose, sucrose, fructose, fructan, xylose and soluble xylooligosaccharides. The methods uses polyhydroxy compounds as the reactant, a composite catalyst having active components comprising one or more transition metals of Groups 8, 9, or 10, including iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium, and platinum, as well as tungsten oxide, tungsten sulfide, tungsten hydroxide, tungsten chloride, tungsten bronze oxide, tungsten acid, tungstate, metatungstate acid, metatungstate, paratungstate acid, paratungstate, peroxotungstic acid, pertungstate, heteropoly acid containing tungsten. Reacting at a temperature of 120-300° C. and a hydrogen pressure of 1-13 MPa under hydrothermal conditions to accomplish one-step catalytic conversion. It realizes efficient, highly selective, high yield preparation of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol from polyhydroxy compounds. The advantage of processes disclosed in this invention include renewable raw material and high atom economy. At the same time, compared with other technologies that converts biomass raw materials into polyols, methods disclosed herein enjoy advantages including simple reaction process, high yield of targeted products, as well as easy preparation and low cost for the catalysts.

Tungsten carbide catalysts are used in preparation of ethylene glycol by hydrogenating degradation of cellulose. The catalyst includes tungsten carbide as main catalytic active component, added with small amount of one or more transition metals such as nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, and copper as the second metal, supported on one or more porous complex supports such as active carbon, alumina, silica, titanium dioxide, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, for conversion of cellulose to ethylene glycol. The catalyst realizes high efficiency, high selectivity, and high yield in the conversion of cellulose to ethylene glycol at the temperature of 120-300° C., hydrogen pressure of 1-10 MPa, and hydrothermal conditions. Compared to the existing industrial synthetic method of ethylene glycol using ethylene as feedstock, the invention has the advantages of using renewable raw material resources, environment friendly process, and excellent atom economy.

A method for preparing ethylene glycol from cellulose uses the cellulose as the feed for the reaction. The cellulose conversion is performed over catalysts which are composed of the metallic state, carbides, nitrides, or phosiphides of molybdenum or tungsten, and metallic cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium, and platinum of the group 8, 9, or 10 transition metals. The catalytic conversion of cellulose is conducted at 120 to 300° C. and hydrogen pressure 1 to 12 MPa under the hydrothermal conditions to achieve the high efficiency, high selectivity, and high yield of ethylene glycol. Compared to the existing method of preparing ethylene glycol from ethylene, the method, using the renewable raw material for the reaction, is friendly to the environment, and has high atom economy.

The invention discloses a method for recycling lithium, iron and current collector-aluminum foil in a positive electrode material of a waste lithium iron phosphate battery. The method comprises the steps that firstly, the positive electrode material of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery is arranged in an alkaline solution to be subjected to stirring and ultrasonic treatment, and after a lithium iron phosphate positive electrode mixed material completely disengages from aluminum foil, the aluminum foil is directly recycled after being separated from the alkaline solution; then the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode mixed material is filtered and separated out from the alkaline solution and then is subjected to roasting, ball milling and screening; then the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode mixed material is immersed in acid liquor to be dissolved, the pH value is adjusted, the iron element is deposited in the form of iron phosphate, and filtering and separating are conducted; the filter liquor is continuously adjusted to the neutralization, then phosphate is added, and the lithium element is deposited in the form of lithium phosphate. The method is simple and effective, the main elements of iron, lithium and current collector-aluminum foil in the positive electrode material of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery can be effectively recycled, the recycling rate is high, low-concentration acid liquor and low-concentration alkaline liquor are adopted, secondary pollution is not generated, the valuable elements are all recycled, and atom economy is achieved.

The invention discloses an atom economic preparation method for laminated composite metal hydroxide, and belongs to the technical filed of the preparation of inorganic non-metal functional materials. In the method, the laminated composite metal hydroxide is prepared from metal hydroxide, ammonium salt and ammonia water serving as raw materials through atom economical reaction in a reactor. Due to the adoption of the ammonium salt and the ammonia water in the reaction process, the reaction temperature is reduced and the reaction condition is milder and is controlled easily; the ammonium in the ammonium salt and the ammonia water used in the reaction can be recycled in the post-treatment; the metal hydroxide and the corresponding ammonium salt with negative ion An- are used in the reaction, and other raw materials such as NaOH and the like are not used; and all the raw materials take part in the reaction to generate the target product and the atom economy is 100 percent, so the reaction belongs to the typical atom economic reaction. In the production process, side products are not generated, and the product can be dried to form pure product without washing so as to greatly save water resource and protect the environment.

The invention relates to a method for preparing 2-(methoxyl-methyl) phenyl-1,4-diamine. The method comprises the following steps: by taking o-nitrobenzyl alcohol as a raw material, performing methylation and hydrogenation reduction reaction so as to obtain 2-(methoxyl methyl) aniline, performing azo reaction on 2-( methoxyl methyl) aniline by taking an aniline substance as a coupling agent so as to obtain 2-(methoxyl methyl)-5-azo aniline, performing hydrogenolysis reaction on 2-(methoxyl methyl)-5-azo aniline in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst so as to generate 2-(methoxyl methyl) phenyl-1,4-diamine and a corresponding coupling agent, separating and purifying, thereby respectively obtaining 2-(methoxyl methyl) phenyl-1,4-diamine and a corresponding coupling agent. The method has the characteristics that the atom economy property is good, a small amount of the tree wastes can be generated, the raw materials are cheap, auxiliary materials can be recycled and reused, the aspects such as operation simplification, pollution reduction and economic benefit increase are remarkably improved, and the method is applicable to industrial production.

The invention relates to a clean preparation method for basic magnesium carbonate, which prepares the basic magnesium carbonate by taking natural mineral brucite or synthesized magnesium hydroxide as raw materials and by performing the atom economic reaction of the raw material and CO2. All atoms in the raw materials participate in the reaction, and a target product is generated; the economical efficiency of the atoms is 100 percent; and thus, the reaction is a typical atom economic reaction. A reaction process avoids using raw materials such as dolomite, magnesite or brine, and sodium carbonate which are usually used by the conventional synthesis method, so that a product has no impurities, the pure product can be directly obtained without drying, a washing link is removed, a great amount of water source is saved, and the environment is protected.

The invention discloses a 3-cyclohexyl-1,1-dimethylurea compound as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The 3-cyclohexyl-1,1-dimethylurea compound is used for preparing an antischizophrenic drug cariprazine. Compared with the prior art and report literatures, the preparation method of the 3-cyclohexyl-1,1-dimethylurea compound has the remarkable advantages of being free of removal of protecting groups such as Boc group, high in atom economy, low in cost and easy in getting of raw materials, mild in reaction condition, stable in yield, simple and convenient to operate, controllable in product quality, high in product purity, less in three waste pollution and easy to produce industrially. The structure formula of the 3-cyclohexyl-1,1-dimethylurea compound is as shown in (I) in the specification.

The invention provides preparation of a tin based catalyst and an application of the tin based catalyst in catalytic conversion of carbohydrates. According to the method, the tin based catalyst is prepared by an ion exchange method and is applied in a reaction for preparation of lactic acid ester through isomerization and catalytic conversion of the carbohydrates, and at the temperature of 80-210 DEG C and through a one-step catalytic conversion process, fructose or lactic acid ester is prepared from the carbohydrates with high efficiency, high selectivity and high yield. The reaction provided by the invention has the remarkable advantages of raw materials as renewable resources and high atom economy. At the same time, the catalyst preparation process has the advantages of being simple and feasible to implement and low in cost. In addition, compared with other technologies for preparing fructose or lactic acid ester by using biomass as raw material, the process has the advantages of simple reaction process, high space-time yield and convenience in industrialized production.

The invention provides a blast furnace coal gas fine desulfurization and purification method, which comprises that S1, blast furnace coal gas enters a conversion unit under a positive pressure, and the organic sulfur in the blast furnace coal gas is converted into hydrogen sulfide; S2, the obtained material enters a cooling unit and is cooled; and S3, the cooled stream enters an adsorption unit filled with an adsorption material, and the sulfide in the blast furnace coal gas is adsorbed and removed to form purified coal gas. According to the invention, the low-concentration sulfides in blast furnace coal gas are enriched into sulfur-rich concentrated gas to convert the working condition with large-capacity and low-concentration sulfides into the working condition with small-capacity and high-concentration sulfides, so that the desulfurization effect can be improved, the desulfurization investment cost and the operation cost can be reduced, the sulfur element in the blast furnace coal gas can be recovered, the atom economy is high, and the secondary pollution is reduced.

The invention provides a preparation method of tetramethyl biphenyl, which comprises the following steps: mixing o-xylene, oxidizer, additive and metal catalyst, and reacting to obtain the tetramethyl biphenyl, wherein the additive is organic acid and/or organic acid anhydride, and the oxidizer is inorganic oxidizer and/or organic oxidizer containing metal cation. Compared with the prior art of synthesizing tetramethyl biphenyl from halogenated o-xylene, the invention uses the o-xylene for direct coupling to obtain the tetramethyl biphenyl. The raw material o-xylene is cheap and accessible, and the preparation of the halogenated o-xylene is not needed, so the invention lowers the production cost, is simple to operate and has the advantages of mild reaction conditions and low facility request; and under the action of the catalyst, the o-xylene is directly coupled to prepare the tetramethyl biphenyl, and all the carbon atom frameworks of the o-xylene enter the product, so the invention also has the advantage of high economical efficiency of atoms.

The invention provides a method for coproducing cyclohexanol and alkanol. The method comprises the following steps: preparing benzene and/or cyclohexane into cyclohexene, carrying out addition-esterification on the cyclohexene in a catalytic distillation tower, obtaining carboxylic acid/ cyclohexyl carboxylate material flow at the bottom of the tower, hydrogenating the material flow to obtain the cyclohexanol and the alkanol. The esterification and hydrogenation reactions in the method have high conversion rate and selectivity, and high atom economy; the process is environment-friendly; the alkanol is coproduced when the cyclohexanol is produced, in particular, when acetic acid is used, the cheap acetic acid is converted into ethanol with high cost and large market capacity in an indirect manner, so as to increase the economical efficiency of the process.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a titanium-based catalyst and synthesizing epoxypropane and dicumyl peroxide. According to the method, when the epoxypropane is synthesized on the basis of the titanium-based molecular sieve based catalyst, a byproduct, namely dimethyl-benzyl carbinol is continuously recycled to synthesize and prepare dicumyl peroxide; the problems of equipment corrosion, large quantity of byproducts and environmental pollution caused by the traditional chlorohydrins method and an indirect oxidation method are solved; the problem of environmental pollution caused by inorganic-salt-containing wastewater produced in a process of preparing the dicumyl peroxide by reducing cumyl hydroperoxide by using inorganic matters, such as water-soluble sulfur compounds is solved; and therefore the method is a synthesis process with high atom economy and has a favorable industrial application prospect.

The present invention provides a new synthesis method of a baricitinib compound 11. According to the present invention, by using a compound 1 as a staring raw material, the amino group is protected by directly using ethanesulfonyl chloride, and direct cyclization is directly performed by using the effect of an alkali to obtain a key intermediate compound 3 so as to avoid the use of other protection groups and substantially improve the route efficiency and the atomic economy; during the compound 5 preparation, a Wittig reaction is performed by using triphenylphosphine acetonitrile so as to avoid the use of strong alkali and improve the reaction yield; the completely-new neopentyl glycol borate derivative compound 8 has good stability and good crystallinity so as to simplify the separation and purification process; and the route is simple to operate and has the high yield, the purity of the obtained product is high, and the synthesis method is suitable for amplification production. The formulas 1-11 are defined in the specification.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of selenium-containing polymers, and discloses a method for preparing polyselenourea/polyselenoamide through multi-component polymerizationof elemental selenium, isonitrile/alkyne and amine. The method comprises: carrying out a reaction on elemental selenium, a binary triple bond compound and a diamine in an organic solvent under an inert atmosphere, and subsequently treating to obtain a selenium-containing polymer, wherein the binary triple bond compound is binary isonitrile or binary alkyne, and the selenium-containing polymer is polyselenourea or polyselenoamide. According to the present invention, the method has characteristics of mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, energy saving, no catalyst, no by-product generation,atomic economy, green chemistry, low monomer toxicity, high atom utilization rate and high yield (more than or equal to 90%); the group has strong tolerance, and a variety of functional groups can beintroduced into the monomer; and the polyselenourea/polyselenoamide is stable, and can be degraded under specific conditions.

The invention discloses a chirality dihydrogen silane compound. The chirality dihydrogen silane compound is as shown in the formula IV. In the formula IV, X represents a chiral carbon atom. The invention further discloses a synthetic method for the chirality dihydrogen silane compound. The method comprises the following steps: using olefin shown in the formula I and silane shown in the formula II as raw materials, and using a chiral CoX2-OIP complex compound as a catalyst, in the existence of a reducing agent, reacting to obtain the chirality dihydrogen silane compound shown in the formula IV. The synthetic method is suitable for different types of the olefins, the reaction condition is moderate, the operation is simple and convenient, and the atomic economy is high. The reaction does not need to be added with any other toxic transition metal ions, the reaction yield is better and is 53%-97% generally, and the enantio-selectivity is higher and is 81%-99% and gt generally. The provided chirality dihydrogen silane compound shown in the formula IV can be used for synthesizing a chiral alcohol compound, a chiral silicon alcohol compound, a chiral polysubstituted silane compound and so on.

The invention relates to a methyl propionate preparation method, which comprises carrying out a reaction on raw materials including ethylene, carbon monoxide and methanol in a fixed bed reactor at a reaction temperature of 150-250 DEG C, wherein a reaction pipe is filled with a ruthenium-loaded metal oxide catalyst, and the reaction pipe with the catalyst is placed in the fixed bed reactor. According to the present invention, the reaction has the 100% atomic economy, does not produce by-products, and uses the noble metal-loaded metal oxide or the molecular sieve as the catalyst, wherein the catalyst is easily prepared and efficiently catalyzes the reaction, and the yield of methyl propionate can reach over 80% .

The invention discloses an alpha, beta-nonsaturated nitroolefin compound eco-friendly synthesis method. The method comprises that saturated nitroparaffin and aromatic aldehyde as substrates undergo a full reaction in a functionalized ionic liquid-water catalysis system at a temperature of 20-150 DEG C under the microwave conditions, and the produced mixture is subjected to extraction separation, purification and drying so that an alpha, beta-nonsaturated nitroolefin compound is obtained. The alpha, beta-nonsaturated nitroolefin compound eco-friendly synthesis method has the advantages of high efficiency, simpleness, mild reaction conditions, high yield, catalytic reaction system environmental friendliness, good repeatability, ionic liquid preparation environmental friendliness and good atom economy.