694results about How to "Inhibit side effects" patented technology

The invention provides a graphite negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof, a dry-method electrode, a battery and electric equipment, and belongs to the technical field of battery manufacturing. The graphite negative electrode material is of a core-shell structure, an inner core is graphite, a shell is a polymer coating layer, the polymer coating layer can conduct ions but cannot conduct electrons, and the graphite negative electrode material can effectively inhibit PTFE from generating side reaction with lithium ions on the surface of a negative electrode, so that the first discharge gram capacity, the first effect and the cycle performance of a corresponding battery are improved.

The invention provides a sodium-ion battery positive electrode material and a preparation method thereof, a sodium-ion battery and electric equipment, and relates to the field of sodium-ion batteries. The positive electrode material of the sodium ion battery provided by the invention comprises an inner core and a shell, wherein the shell covers the inner core; the chemical formula of the inner core is NaaNixFeyMnzM1-x-y-zO2, wherein a is more than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 1.05, x is more than 0 and less than 1.0, y is more than 0 and less than 1.0, z is more than 0 and less than 1.0, and 1-x-y-z is more than 0 and less than 1; the chemical formula of the shell is NaLarCa1-rO2, wherein r is more than 0 and less than 1; in the inner core, the element M comprises one or more of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Y, La, Ca, Zn, Cu, W, Li and B. The sodium-ion battery positive electrode material provided by the invention can reduce residual alkali on the surfaces of particles, can inhibit side reaction with an electrolyte, and improves the performance stability of the positive electrode material.

The invention relates to an epoxy-terminated polyurethane flexibilizer for bridge and tunnel pavement, and a preparation method and a use method thereof, and the flexibilizer is prepared by terminating a polyurethane prepolymer through an epoxy group of an epoxy compound under the catalytic action of nano-modified imidazole; wherein an epoxy group reacts with an NCO group at the end part of a polyurethane prepolymer, and a five-membered ring structure with high cohesive energy is introduced into a polyurethane molecular chain. A main chain of the epoxy-terminated toughening agent contains a five-membered ring structure, and the epoxy-terminated toughening agent is prepared from an epoxy group and an isocyanate group through catalysis of nano-modified imidazole at a relatively low temperature. Due to the fact that the cohesive energy of the five-membered ring is high, the steric hindrance effect is large, good high and low temperature stability is achieved, and the damping temperature range is wide. And after being cured, the curing agent has the properties of high-temperature rutting resistance, medium-temperature fatigue resistance, low-temperature crack resistance and the like, and the problem of insufficient toughness of an epoxy mixture in conventional pavement is solved.

The invention provides a positive electrode material and a preparation method thereof, a positive electrode plate, a secondary battery and an electric device. The positive electrode material comprises an inner core, a first coating layer and a second coating layer, wherein the first coating layer coats at least part of the outer surface of the inner core; the second coating layer coats at least part of the outer surface of the inner core with the first coating layer; the material of the first coating layer comprises a lithium element and an X element; and the material of the second coating layer comprises an X element and a Z element. By forming the first coating layer, residual lithium on the surface of the inner core can be eliminated, meanwhile, the first coating layer has relatively high oxygen vacancy formation energy, oxygen dissolution in the inner core can be reduced or even avoided, side reaction between oxygen and electrolyte caused by oxygen dissolution can be reduced or even avoided, the cycle life of the secondary battery is prolonged, and the safety of the secondary battery is improved; the uniform protective film is formed on the surface of the inner core coated with the first coating layer, so that oxygen is reduced or even prevented from overflowing from the position not coated with the first coating layer.

The invention discloses an aluminum electrolytic capacitor powder stacking sintered foil and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolytic capacitors. The preparation method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor powder stacking sintered foil comprises the steps that aluminum powder and a dielectric substance precursor serve as raw materials, a dielectric substance is deposited on the surface of the aluminum powder through a chemical vapor deposition method, and the aluminum powder wrapped by the dielectric substance is obtained; the dielectric constant of the dielectric substance is greater than that of aluminum oxide; the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing aluminum powder wrapped by a dielectric substance, a binder and a solvent, coating an aluminum foil substrate with the mixture, drying, degreasing at 350-550 DEG C in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, sintering at 600-670 DEG C in an oxygen-free state, and energizing after sintering to obtain the aluminum electrolytic capacitor powder stacked sintered foil. According to the aluminum electrolytic capacitor powder stacking sintering foil prepared by the method, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor powder stacking sintering anode foil per unit area has excellent electrostatic capacity.

The invention relates to a high-stability electrode for electrochemical lithium extraction and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of lithium resource extraction, and is used for solving at least one of the problems of poor cycling stability, low current density, low current efficiency and the like of an electrode prepared by an existing method. According to the electrode, the surface of the active material is coated with the solid electrolyte, the coating layer can effectively avoid direct contact between brine and the active material, side reaction is prevented, and therefore the cycle stability of the electrode is improved. The solid electrolyte layer has the effect of transmitting lithium ions, so that foreign ions can be intercepted, and the selectivity of the electrode to the lithium ions is improved. The active material is also coated with an organic conductive polymer, the electronic conductivity of the active material can be effectively improved by the organic conductive polymer layer, the charge transfer impedance of the active material is reduced, and high-current-density lithium extraction is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a composite electrolyte, a lithium metal battery and application of the lithium metal battery. The invention relates to a composite electrolyte which comprises a fluorinated cyclic ether solvent, an alkane solvent, LiPF6 and LiTFSI, the carbon atom number Ra of the fluorinated cyclic ether solvent skeleton is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 6; the volume ratio A of the fluorinated cyclic ether solvent is greater than or equal to 50% and smaller than or equal to Alt; 100%; the volume ratio B of the alkane solvent meets 0 lt; b < = 50%; the structural tortuosity Rb of the hydrocarbon solvent satisfies 1.5 < Rb < = 3; the ratio of the molar concentration Rc of LiPF6 to the molar concentration Rd of LiTFSI is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1. The composite electrolyte provided by the invention has excellent comprehensive physical and chemical properties, especially low-temperature performance, and can improve the cycle performance and rate capability of the battery.

The invention discloses a method for preparing tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate by using high-concentration hydride, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate. The method for preparing tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate by using the high-concentration hydride comprises the following steps: step 1, adding concentrated sulfuric acid and formaldehyde into a reaction kettle, uniformly stirring and mixing, then adding an organic catalyst and a modified surfactant, and continuously stirring to completely and uniformly mix reactants to obtain a mixed solution; 2, hydride is introduced into a reaction kettle through a pipeline and reacts with the mixed solution, a heating reaction is conducted, after the reaction is finished, the pipeline is closed, and a reaction solution is obtained; and 3, carrying out vacuum concentration treatment on the reaction liquid, and recrystallizing to obtain tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate. The tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate prepared by the method has excellent yield and purity.

The invention relates to the technical field of sodium ion battery positive electrode materials, in particular to a high-voltage positive electrode material, a preparation method thereof, a positive electrode plate and a sodium ion battery. The high-voltage positive electrode material comprises an O3-phase layered oxide matrix material and a coating layer coating the surface of the O3-phase layered oxide matrix material, the chemical formula of the O3-phase layered oxide base material is NaaNixAyMnpGqO2, A comprises a metal element with the valence of + 2 and / or + 3, and G comprises a metal element with the valence of + 4; and modification elements in the coating layer comprise at least one of Al, B, Ca, Co, Ce, La, Mg, Mo, Nb, Sr, Sn, W, Y, Zr, Zn, Bi and Ti. The material has reversible phase change under high voltage, can work under high voltage, and has excellent cycle performance.

The invention provides a double-layer double-high type electrode, a reserve lithium battery and a preparation method thereof, the double-layer double-high type electrode comprises a current collector, a first active layer and a second active layer, the first active layer is located between the current collector and the second active layer, the first active layer contains an energy type active material, and the second active layer contains an energy type active material. The second active layer contains a pre-charged power type active material, and the open-circuit voltage difference between the energy type active material and the pre-charged power type active material is less than or equal to 0.5 V. The invention provides the double-layer double-high type electrode for the reserve lithium battery, which is quick in activation, high in energy density and good in rate capability, an efficient conductive network is constructed, and the discharge performance of the battery is improved; the porosity of the second material layer is regulated to be greater than that of the first material layer, and the seepage flow guide grooves are dug in the surface of the second material layer, so that the electrolyte infiltration rate of the electrode is improved, and the activation time is shortened.

The invention discloses an iron-cobalt-zirconium catalyst suitable for carbon dioxide hydrogenation, a preparation method of the iron-cobalt-zirconium catalyst and application of the iron-cobalt-zirconium catalyst to preparation of liquid hydrocarbon and co-production of low-carbon olefin through carbon dioxide hydrogenation. The catalyst is prepared by taking nitrate of iron, nitrate of cobalt and nitrate of zirconium as raw materials through operations of coprecipitation, hydrothermal synthesis, drying, roasting and the like. By adopting the technology, the invention provides the carbon dioxide hydrogenation catalyst and limits the preparation method of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation catalyst. The preparation method is simple, and the obtained catalyst has high activity, high liquid hydrocarbon selectivity and low-carbon olefin selectivity at the temperature of 280 DEG C, is good in stability, relatively economical and practical, and has a good industrial application prospect.

The invention discloses a sulfide solid electrolyte based on ionic liquid electrowetting modification and application thereof. The preparation method of the electrolyte comprises the following steps: preparing a sulfide electrolyte into an electrolyte sheet, and coating the surface of the electrolyte sheet with an ionic liquid to form an ionic liquid film, thereby obtaining the electrolyte sheet containing the ionic liquid film; and placing the sulfide solid electrolyte between electrode plates which are arranged in parallel to assemble a parallel-plate capacitor, and applying a direct-current signal to carry out electrowetting treatment, thereby obtaining the sulfide solid electrolyte based on ionic liquid electrowetting. The specific ionic liquid is introduced into the interface of the sulfide solid electrolyte and the negative electrode for electrowetting treatment, so that the interface contact angle is effectively reduced, the interface wettability is improved, the interface impedance is reduced, the electrochemical performance of the all-solid-state battery is improved, and the cycle life of the all-solid-state battery is prolonged. The method particularly focuses on the use of imidazole and pyridine ionic liquids, and selects the appropriate ionic liquid for the lithium metal negative electrode material to realize the optimal interface modification effect.

The invention discloses an electrolyte of an aqueous zinc-iodine battery, and relates to the technical field of zinc-iodine batteries, the electrolyte is prepared from an I + stabilizer, a hydrogen bond ligand, a low-freezing-point hydrogen donor solvent and a zinc salt, and the molar ratio of the I + stabilizer to the hydrogen bond ligand to the low-freezing-point hydrogen donor solvent to the zinc salt is 1: 0.5: 5: 0.5-1.5. The invention also provides a preparation method of the electrolyte and a zinc-iodine battery prepared by using the electrolyte. The zinc-iodine battery constructed by the invention can realize highly reversible I- / I2 / I + conversion and rapid iodide conversion kinetics in a wide temperature range of-25 DEG C to 40 DEG C, and has high energy density and excellent long cycle stability. In addition, due to the unique solvation structure of the electrolyte, the activity of water molecules in the system is reduced, and then the hydrogen evolution reaction and other side reactions are inhibited. Therefore, the invention provides a feasible strategy for realizing wide temperature range, high capacity and high performance of the zinc-iodine battery.

The invention relates to the technical field of waste liquid treatment, in particular to a method for efficiently separating nickel, hypophosphorous acid and ammonia from chemical nickel plating waste liquid, which comprises the following steps: S1, nanofiltration: carrying out nanofiltration separation on chemical nickel plating waste water by using a roll type nanofiltration membrane to obtain nickel-containing waste water and waste water containing hypophosphorous acid and ammonia; s2, bipolar membrane electrodialysis: setting an arrangement mode of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system as follows: sequentially arranging an anode, a first bipolar membrane, an anionic membrane, a cationic membrane, a second bipolar membrane and a cathode, introducing wastewater containing hypophosphorous acid and ammonia into a desalination chamber, and adding deionized water into an acid chamber and an alkali chamber to obtain a hypophosphorous acid solution and ammonia gas; separation of hypophosphorous acid and ammonia is realized; according to the method, hypophosphite and ammonium in the chemical nickel-plating waste liquid are efficiently separated, and the method has important significance on improving the resource utilization efficiency of phosphorus and ammonia in the chemical nickel-plating waste liquid and reducing the treatment difficulty and treatment cost of the chemical nickel-plating waste liquid.

The invention discloses a graphene-coated hard carbon negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of hard carbon negative electrode materials. The preparation method of the graphene-coated hard carbon negative electrode material comprises the following steps: carrying out pretreatment and three-step soaking on coconut shells, carrying out biomass carbonization, mixing with a microbial suspension, and adsorbing to obtain a microbial adsorption type hard carbon material; and then carrying out surface treatment, chemical vapor deposition, impregnation, secondary chemical vapor deposition and annealing treatment on the microbial adsorption type hard carbon material to obtain the graphene coated hard carbon negative electrode material. The negative electrode material prepared by the method is high in first discharge capacity, high in first coulombic efficiency and good in cycle performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of synthesis of ether organic compounds, and particularly relates to a one-pot catalyst-free method for preparing ethylene glycol dimethyl ether from ethylene glycol, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding ethylene glycol into a reaction kettle, heating to 120-140 DEG C, introducing methane chloride, and controlling the introduction amount of methane chloride to be 20-50% of the total molar amount of ethylene glycol; (2) adding NaOH into the reaction kettle in batches, and stirring for reaction at the reaction temperature of 120-140 DEG C; (3) after the last batch of NaOH is added, sampling and detecting every 20-25 minutes, and measuring the concentration lt of NaOH in the reaction liquid; and when the concentration is 0.05 mol / L, finishing the reaction, filtering, and carrying out post-treatment rectification on the filtrate to obtain the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. The preparation raw material ethylene glycol can be derived from biomass or coal, dependence on petroleum resources is reduced, and meanwhile the preparation method has the advantages of being few in side reaction and low in production cost.

The invention discloses a modified bismuth-based catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of electrochemical reduction CO2 catalysis. By hybridizing boron-doped oxidized carbon black and bismuth oxide, in-situ synthesis of the bismuth oxide and advanced construction of a BiOC structure are realized. Particularly, in the electroreduction process of carbon dioxide, the bismuth oxide can be partially, spontaneously and irreversibly reconstructed into basic bismuth carbonate (Bi2O2CO3), and basic bismuth carbonate composite bismuth oxide (Bi2O2CO3 / Bi2O3) is formed. Due to the structure, the application performance of the catalyst in carbon dioxide electroreduction is remarkably improved, and the catalyst has high formic acid selectivity, high catalytic efficiency, excellent stability and large working current capacity.

The invention relates to the technical field of rubber auxiliaries, in particular to a preparation method and application of diisopropyl xanthogen tetrasulfide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out reaction on alkali metal and isopropanol to obtain isopropanol salt, adding a solvent and carbon disulfide into the isopropanol salt, and carrying out reaction to obtain diisopropyl xanthate; s2, sulfur and sulfur dichloride are added into the material obtained after the reaction in the step S1 for a reaction, after the reaction is finished, sodium chloride and unreacted sulfur are removed, the solvent is recycled, and diisopropyl xanthogen tetrasulfide is obtained. According to the method, no water is generated in the reaction process, side reactions can be reduced, and the prepared diisopropyl xanthogen tetrasulfide is high in purity, high in yield, good in stability and not prone to devitrification.

The invention is applied to the technical field of polishing pad preparation, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a high-density and high-hardness foamed polyurethane polishing pad, which comprises the following steps: S1, raw material pretreatment; s2, a prepolymer synthesis step; s3, a foaming and forming step; s4, demolding and post-processing are carried out; and S5, sheet detection and formula optimization: detecting the hardness and density of the treated polishing pad finished product, and correspondingly adjusting the mixing ratio of the raw materials according to the detection result. According to the preparation method of the high-density and high-hardness foamed polyurethane polishing pad, polyether polyol and polyester polyol are mixed and then react with isocyanate, the polyether polyol and the polyester polyol do not react, and the polyether polyol and the polyester polyol jointly participate in the reaction of the isocyanate after being mixed, so that the high-density and high-hardness foamed polyurethane polishing pad is prepared. The generated polymer combines the advantages of polyether polyol and polyester polyol, and has stronger mechanical properties and chemical resistance than a polymer generated from a single component, so that the quality of a finished product of the polishing pad can be improved.

The embodiment of the invention relates to a solid electrolyte coated with an artificial SEI membrane on the surface, a preparation method thereof and a solid-state battery, the solid electrolyte coated with the artificial SEI membrane on the surface comprises a solid electrolyte and the artificial SEI membrane coating the solid electrolyte, the solid electrolyte comprises a sulfide solid electrolyte, the artificial SEI membrane comprises a first coating layer and a second coating layer, the first coating layer is located between the solid electrolyte and the second coating layer, the first coating layer comprises lithium fluoride, and the second coating layer comprises lithium fluoride and lithium carbonate. Therefore, the stability and ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte coated with the artificial SEI film on the surface can be improved.

The invention provides a silicon-based negative electrode material, a preparation method of the silicon-based negative electrode material, a dry-method electrode, a battery and electric equipment, and belongs to the technical field of battery manufacturing. The silicon-based negative electrode material is of a core-shell structure, an inner core is a silicon-based material, a shell is a cross-linked polymer layer, the cross-linked polymer layer can conduct ions but cannot conduct electrons, the silicon-based negative electrode material can effectively inhibit PTFE from generating side reaction with lithium ions on the surface of a negative electrode, and meanwhile, the service life of the silicon-based negative electrode material is prolonged. And the problems of electrode pulverization, falling and the like caused by volume expansion of the silicon-based material in the charge-discharge process can be effectively solved, so that the corresponding battery has relatively excellent first discharge gram capacity, first efficiency and cycle performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of sodium-ion batteries, and particularly relates to a wide-temperature-range sodium-ion battery electrolyte, a sodium-ion battery and a preparation method of the sodium-ion battery. The wide-temperature-range sodium-ion battery electrolyte comprises a sodium salt, an organic solvent, a first additive and a second additive, the first additive is a benzocrown ether compound as shown in a formula (1) and / or a formula (2); the second additive is a film-forming agent. The key of the invention lies in that the benzocrown ether compound with a specific structure is introduced into the sodium-ion battery electrolyte as an additive, so that anions are promoted to participate in a solvation structure, the migration rate of sodium ions is enhanced, side reaction is inhibited, formation of an SEI film is promoted, the working temperature window (-30-45 DEG C) of the electrolyte is expanded, and the service life of the electrolyte is prolonged. And the sodium ion battery (SIBs) has good electrochemical stability and good cycle performance in a working temperature window, so that the electrochemical performance of the SIBs under all-weather conditions is improved. # imgabs0 #

The invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon olefin hydration, and discloses a low-carbon olefin hydration catalyst and a preparation method thereof, and a method for producing a low-carbon alcohol aqueous solution. The low-carbon olefin hydration catalyst comprises a resin white ball matrix, an adsorption layer and a reaction layer, the adsorption layer is grafted on the outer surface of the resin white ball matrix, and the reaction layer is grafted on the inner surface of the resin white ball matrix; the adsorption layer contains a phenoxy group, an amido group, a pyrrolyl group and a furyl group; the reaction layer contains phenoxy, amido, sulfonic acid group, phosphate group, pyrrolyl and furyl. The low-carbon olefin hydration catalyst can improve the contact effect of water and olefin, promote the movement of hydration equilibrium and reduce the superposition loss of olefin.

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery with a silicon-carbon negative electrode, belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and overcomes the defect of poor cycling stability of a lithium ion battery with a silicon-carbon composite material as a negative electrode in the prior art. According to the lithium ion battery with the silicon-carbon negative electrode, a negative electrode active material layer comprises a silicon-carbon composite material; the Raman spectrum characteristics of the silicon-carbon composite material meet the following conditions: (D1 + D3) / (D2 + D4) = K, wherein K is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 3; d1, D2, D3 and D4 correspond to the intensities of the characteristic peak 1, the characteristic peak 2, the characteristic peak 3 and the characteristic peak 4 respectively; and the electrolyte comprises an additive A1. And the additive A1 interacts with the specific silicon-carbon material, so that the generation of an SEI film is promoted, and the ionic conductivity, the stability and the elasticity of the SEI film are improved, thereby improving the cycling stability and the safety of the silicon-carbon battery.

The invention discloses a synthesis and purification method of electronic grade phosphorane, which relates to the technical field of phosphorane synthesis, and has the advantages that impurities such as metal oxides and carbides in a silicon carbide ceramic substrate are removed by selecting the silicon carbide ceramic substrate and performing high-temperature annealing treatment, so that the atomic arrangement of the substrate is more regular and ordered; compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the gallium phosphide crystal structure is more complete, so that the gallium phosphide crystal structure has higher structural stability, meanwhile, after impurities are removed, the interaction between the substrate and reactants in a high-temperature reaction environment is more controllable, the chemical stability is enhanced, a firm and reliable base is provided for growth of gallium phosphide crystals, and by adopting the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, the yield of the gallium phosphide crystal is increased. The production of waste gas is reduced by utilizing the extremely low volatility of the gallium phosphide, and meanwhile, the reaction rate between hydrogen phosphide and hydrogen is accelerated by introducing glucose oxidase for catalytic reaction, so that the gallium phosphide crystal is promoted to efficiently and directionally grow on the silicon carbide ceramic substrate, and the product quality and the production efficiency are improved.

The invention discloses a SiOX / microcrystalline graphite negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof. Relates to the technical field of lithium battery cathode materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking microcrystalline graphite as a base material, growing nano silicon oxide particles in situ on the surface of the microcrystalline graphite and in gaps of sheet layers by adopting a hydrothermal reaction method to form a SiOX / microcrystalline graphite composite material, and coating the surface of the SiOX / microcrystalline graphite composite material with a carbon coating layer with a complete carbon layer structure, and finally, the SiOX / microcrystalline graphite negative electrode material with the core-shell structure is formed. By adopting the technical scheme, the stress effect caused by silicon volume expansion in the charging and discharging process is counteracted and inhibited by utilizing the disordered layer structure characteristic that the structure orientation of fine scales of the microcrystalline graphite is different; meanwhile, the nano SiOX particles are filled in the gaps of the microcrystalline graphite flake layer, and the fine flake graphite constructs a three-dimensional conductive network structure, so that the problem of poor conductivity of the SiOX particles is solved.

The invention discloses an electrolyte and a lithium ion battery, the electrolyte comprises an organic solvent, a lithium salt, a first additive and a second additive, the first additive comprises an additive A and an additive B, the additive A comprises a benzene ring, a sulfonate group and an alkynyl group, the additive B comprises cresol diphenyl ester, and the battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and the electrolyte. The positive electrode includes a positive active material and the negative electrode includes a negative active material. And the positive electrode active material is lithium manganate. Compared with the prior art, by adding the first additive, the compactness and the stability of a CEI film on the surface of the positive electrode can be improved, the protection on positive electrode lithium manganate is enhanced, the side reaction of the positive electrode and an electrolyte caused by high-temperature decomposition of the CEI film is avoided, and the influence of manganese ion dissolution at high temperature on the battery performance is further reduced; and the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium manganate battery is improved.

The invention relates to a lithium ion battery electrolyte additive 2, 4-dicarboxamido sulfonyl cyclobutanone and a corresponding high-temperature lithium ion battery electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises the following components: lithium salt, an anhydrous organic solvent and an electrolyte additive; wherein the electrolyte additive comprises 2, 4-dicarboxamido sulfonyl cyclobutanone, and the electrolyte additive comprises 2, 4-dicarboxamide sulfonyl cyclobutanone; the use amount of the 2, 4-dicarboxamido sulfonyl cyclobutanone in the electrolyte is 0.1%-10% of the total mass of the electrolyte. The high-temperature lithium ion battery electrolyte added with 2, 4-dicarboxamidosulfonyl cyclobutanone can improve the high-temperature discharge performance, the high-temperature charge performance, the high-temperature cycle performance and the safety performance of a lithium ion battery when the lithium ion battery works at 4.2 V, does not influence the first efficiency and the rate capability, and has a relatively good application prospect in a high-temperature system.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical engineering, and relates to a three-dimensional electrochemical reactor which comprises a reactor shell assembly, three-dimensional electrode modules, counter electrode modules, diaphragms or polymer partition plates and an external power supply, the counter electrode modules are arranged in pairs, and the three-dimensional electrode modules are clamped between the counter electrode modules arranged in pairs; the diaphragm or the polymer partition plate is clamped between the electrode surface of the counter electrode module and the electrode surface of the three-dimensional electrode module, and the three-dimensional electrode module, the counter electrode module and the diaphragm or the polymer partition plate are arranged in an inner cavity of the reactor shell assembly; according to the invention, the fluid can flow through the interior and surface of the three-dimensional electrode, and a main electrochemical reaction field is transferred to the interior and surface of the three-dimensional electrode, so that the sufficient flow and mixing of the fluid between the electrodes are ensured while the electrode spacing is shortened as far as possible, the solution resistance is reduced, the cell voltage is reduced, and the current efficiency is improved; and energy consumption increase and equipment damage caused by overhigh voltage are avoided.

The invention discloses modified garnet ceramic powder, a PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride)-based composite solid electrolyte, a solid-state battery as well as a preparation method and application of the solid-state battery. The modified garnet ceramic powder comprises ceramic powder and a modified interface layer coating the outer side of the ceramic powder, the thickness of the modified interface layer is 4-8 nm; the ceramic powder is garnet ceramic electrolyte powder; the modified interface layer is a polymer film polymerized on the surface of the ceramic powder; and the polymer film is made of polycyanoethyl cellulose. According to the modified garnet ceramic powder, cyanoethyl cellulose and a garnet ceramic electrolyte are coordinated and polymerized, so that the interface structure of garnet and a PVDF-based polymer is regulated and controlled, side reactions are inhibited, interface contact is better, electrochemical stability is achieved, ion transmission is faster, and the comprehensive performance of the composite electrolyte is improved.