The invention provides a
bifunctional ionic liquid monomer, an ionic multifunctional
viscosity index improver as well as a preparation method and application of the ionic multifunctional
viscosity index improver, and belongs to the technical field of lubricating additives. A series of
bifunctional ionic liquid monomers are synthesized through molecular design and have the functions of antifriction,
wear resistance and cross-linking agents, then the monomers are copolymerized with long-chain
alkyl methacrylate, and the ionic multifunctional
viscosity index improver is prepared. The molecular structure of the
viscosity index agent simultaneously contains an oleophylic
alkyl chain, a rigid
benzene ring structure and an ionic functional group, so that the
solubility, the viscosity increasing performance and the viscosity-temperature performance of the
viscosity index agent in
base oil are remarkably improved; a biquaternary
ammonium salt structure is introduced into a main chain to realize crosslinking of the polyion liquid, so that the tackifying performance of the polyion liquid is improved,
phosphorus,
sulfur and
nitrogen heteroatoms are introduced, physical and
chemical adsorption films can be formed on the
metal surface, the
friction coefficient and the abrasion volume are effectively reduced in the friction process, and the boundary lubricating performance is enhanced.