The invention relates to a method and to a model-based controller for controlling at least one part of a paper machine, to a paper machine having such a controller, to a computer program for executing the method according to the invention, and to a computer program product on which the computer program according to the invention is stored.; In order to achieve an improved or optimized operation mode of an "expanded drying section" of a paper machine - comprising the "actual" drying section, separated, if applicable, into pre-drying and post-drying sections with a size press located therebetween, a steam and condensate system, an exhaust air heat recovery system, a wet press and the white water - a model that includes the above system components is proposed, with which mass and energy balances for the system components as well as the specific energy consumption of the drying section are calculated, based on values for parameters relevant for the drying process.