The invention discloses a physical similar simulation test device and a physical similar simulation test method for tilted stratums. The physical similar simulation test device comprises an external framework, a tiltable rack, a front baffle, a rear baffle, a hydraulic supporting device and a hanging hoisting device, a similar simulation test is performed on stratums with different tilt angles by adopting the device and the method, physical mechanical performances of stress distribution, displacement change and the like inside the stratums under the action of external disturbance, ground stress, external force application and the like can be measured to obtain related technical indexes and parameters so as to research the rule of the true stratums in the process, and the effective struts can be facilitated during the construction of the stratums, thus providing a guarantee for the safety construction of the stratums.