100 results about "Karst tunnel" patented technology

The invention discloses a comprehensive geological prediction method for karst tunnel construction, which includes the following steps: (1) long-distance detection; (2) geological radar detection: on the basis of the long-distance detection, adopting a geological radar to review a long-distance prediction result within a short-distance detection range; (3) adopting a horizontal protruded drill hole to carry out direct detection according to a review result; and (4) supplementary protruded blasthole detection: when a direct detection result is that a geologically abnormal body exists in the current tunneling construction area, a protruded blasthole needs to be adopted to carry out supplementary detection, and a supplementary detection result is used as supplementary detection data for the direct horizontal protruded drill hole detection result. The design of the comprehensive geological prediction method is rational, the comprehensive geological prediction method is easy and convenient to operate, and is highly operable, moreover, the mutual relation among a variety of chosen prediction methods is clear, the comprehensive detection effect is good, and the invention provides a systematic, rational and standard comprehensive prediction method for karst tunnel construction.

The invention discloses a method for forecasting water burst flood peak and peak time for a karst tunnel underground river. The method comprises the following steps: (1) computing point rainfall; (2) determining areal rainfall according to the point rainfall; (3) computing effective precipitation according to the areal rainfall; (4) computing time interval unit hydrograph; (5) computing effective precipitation unit hydrograph according to the time interval unit hydrograph; (6) computing surface runoff according to the effective precipitation and the effective precipitation unit hydrograph; (7) computing subsurface runoff; (8) adding the surface runoff at each time interval and the subsurface runoff at the corresponding time intervals to obtain flood discharge; (9) performing fitting on value of the flood discharge to obtain a flood hygrograph; and (10) obtaining the flood peak and the corresponding peak time on the flood hygrograph and determining construction time for a karst tunnel according to the flood peak and the corresponding peak time. According to the method provided by the invention, the water burst flood peak in the tunnel and the arrival time of the flood peak can be accurately forecasted, so that the construction time for the tunnel can be reasonably arranged, and the lives of people and the safety of mechanical equipment can be ensured.

The invention discloses a karst tunnel water outburst and mud outburst overall process gradual dynamic risk assessment method. The method includes the steps that 1, in the tunnel investigation stage, the tunnel address and the hydrogeological information of the surrounding rock near the tunnel are obtained, that is, the hidden danger environment for water outburst of the tunnel is obtained, and the risk states of the geological conditions of all segments of the tunnel are known; 2, the risk rating value is worked out according to an expert evaluation vector and a factor weight vector, and consistency check is conducted; 3, danger factors are introduced to influence factors of risk evaluation, the hidden danger environment and the danger factors are considered comprehensively, water outburst risk evaluation is conducted, and the segment distribution feature with the tunnel water outburst risk is divided; 4. The values of all indexes are corrected in real time in combination with actual field construction so as to achieve dynamic evaluation of the water outburst and mud outburst risks. The purposes of optimizing construction organization design and avoiding medium and large water outburst geological disasters are achieved through dynamic construction risk evaluation and control, and important data are provided for later-period tunnel operation risks, and the method has very wide application prospects.

The invention discloses a large-scale karst cavity treatment method for a karst tunnel. In the construction tunnel, the section traversing the interior of a large-scale karst cavity is a traversing karst cavity section, the left and right sides of which are suspended; and the size of the large-scale karst cavity is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the karst cavity is divided into an upper karst cavity and a lower karst cavity by the traversing karst cavity section. The treatment method comprises the following steps of: 1, digging a side slope, and performing reinforcing construction, namely digging the inner wall of the upper karst cavity to form the side slope; 2, backfilling rock slag, namely filling the lower karst cavity by adopting the rock slag to form a filling base layer; 3, grouting and reinforcing the filling base layer, namely reinforcing the filling base layer by using a stabilizing pile and obtaining a road cutting I; and 4, performing paving construction of the traversing karst cavity section on the road cutting I. The method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient in construction, safe and reliable in the construction process, short in construction period and good in treatment effect, and can solve the problems of high construction safety risk, high treatment and construction difficulty, long treatment time, poor treatment effect and the like in the conventional large-scale karst cavity treatment.

The invention discloses a calculation method for karst safety thickness of a karst tunnel. The method comprises the steps: A, simplifying the karst tunnel and a dissolved chamber into a structural mechanics model, and respectively calculating maximum shear force and maximum bending moment borne by a complete bed rock and a non-complete bed rock; B, substituting the maximum shear force and the maximum bending moment into a bending strength formula to obtain a safety thickness calculation formula based on the bending strength; C, substituting the maximum shear force and the maximum bending moment into a shear strength formula to obtain a safety thickness calculation formula based on the shear strength; and D, introducing a correction factor n, and correcting the safety thickness calculation formula based on the bending strength and the safety thickness calculation formula based on the shear strength. According to the calculation method for the karst safety thickness of the karst tunnel, a set of relatively complete theoretical calculation method is provided for calculating the safety thickness of the bed rocks of the karst tunnel, so that the safety of the karst tunnel is ensured, and the occurrence of karst geological disasters such as inrush of clay and water and the like can be effectively prevented.

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel hydraulics, in particular to a method of calculating hydraulic pressure of a high-pressure karst tunnel lining; the method comprises: A, determining geological conditions of an excavation section of a tunnel, wherein the geological conditions include one of the tunnel excavation section being in a homogeneous formation, and the tunnel excavation section longitudinally crossing a formation; B, determining the outer diameter of each formation to the center of the tunnel, and corresponding head and osmotic coefficient of each formation; determining outer diameter of a grouting reinforcement ring, outer diameter of a primary support, outer diameter of a secondary lining, and inner diameter of the secondary lining, as well as corresponding head and osmotic coefficient; C, transforming Laplace's equation; D, calculating water inrush of the tunnel per linear meter, back head of the secondary lining, and back head of the primary support, and calculating back pore hydraulic water of the secondary lining and back pore hydraulic pressure of the primary support. The invention is intended to provide the method of calculating hydraulic pressure of a high-pressure karst tunnel lining in order to decrease the leakage risk of a tunnel.

The invention relates to a method for forecasting water inflow of a railway karst tunnel water filling cavity through a dewatering test method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of, firstly, utilizing an advance geological probe hole of the karst tunnel water filling cavity as a dewatering hole to dewater, controlling the dewatered quantity through installing a valve at the hole opening of the dewatering hole, and installing a pressure gauge to measure water pressure variation in the dissolved cavity; secondly, regularly observing and recording the dewatered quantity and the water pressure, and establishing a mathematical function model of a trend of the dewatered quantity and the water pressure varying along with time; thirdly, utilizing the trend model to forecast future values of the corresponding dewatered quantity and the corresponding time under different water pressures; and fourthly, determining a water pumping and drainage facility according to dynamic trend analysis results of the dewatered quantity, the cavity dewatering time and the like, drawing up a corresponding cavity treatment scheme or measure, and arranging a construction period of continuously tunnelling a dewatered cavity and tunnel. The method has the advantages of simpleness, practicability, rapidness and reliable test result and can timely make pointed reference to supply accurate data for treating a water-rich cavity by adopting an energy release depressurization method during tunnel design and construction.

The invention relates to a water outburst and mud outburst excavation simulation device which comprises a base, a test chamber, a pressurizing device which pressurizes vertically and a water inlet, wherein two excavation inlets are formed in one side of the test chamber and are separately located in the upper and lower sides of the test chamber; a tunnel is excavated toward the chamber through the excavation inlet in the upper side or in the lower side; a rock body similar material and a karst cavity are formed in the test chamber, and the rock body similar material surrounds the karst cavity; and the test chamber is formed in the base, the pressurizing device is arranged on the top of the test chamber, and the water inlet is also formed in the test chamber. The invention also relates to a method of simulating by means of the device. The device provided by the invention is great in rigidity, high in strength, relatively good in sealing property and accurate in measuring data, can simulate a water outburst and mud outburst rule in a karst tunnel excavating process in different positions and under different filling conditions and different pressure conditions, and is wide in application range.

The invention discloses a karst tunnel water inrush level evaluation method based on a trapezoidal cloud model under a one-dimensional X condition. The method comprises a step of constructing an evaluation indicator system for a karst tunnel water inrush risk level, classifying water inrush risk and determining a level division standard, and carrying out quantification processing on a non-quantitative indicator at the same time, a step of calculating the numerical characteristics of the trapezoidal cloud model under different risk indicators and thus completing the construction of the trapezoidal cloud model, a step of referring to and analyzing previous cases of karst tunnel construction and completing the establishment of a risk indicator system weight vector by using an analytic hierarchy process, a step of carrying out field survey and measurement to obtain risk indicator observation and measurement data and introducing the risk indicator data by using a cloud model algorithm underthe one-dimensional X condition to obtain different risk level membership degree values corresponding to indicators to complete the construction of a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix, and a stepof selecting a suitable fuzzy synthetic operator and fusing the weight vector and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix to obtain a water inrush risk grade membership degree vector and determining the karst tunnel water inrush risk level.

The invention discloses a comprehensive stereoscopic detection method for shallow karst tunnel geology. The comprehensive stereoscopic detection method comprises the steps that 1, geological conditions are exposed and the working surface of a tunnel is sketched and recorded according to a tunneling surface; 2, geological radar detecting lines and detecting points are arranged in front of the working surface of the tunnel according to the geological conditions of the working surface of the tunnel; 3, a geological radar is used for detecting the geological conditions at different depths of the working surface of the tunnel, then images are judged and interpreted, and whether poor geology development occurred in front of the working surface of the tunnel or not is inferred according to detection information; and 4, a three-dimensional detection is conducted by using a seismic wave method on the ground to precast the geological conditions in front of the working surface of the tunnel and overlying strata. According to the detection scheme for the shallow karst tunnel geology, the geological radar and the seismic wave method are used for a comprehensive stereoscopic detection of the shallow karst tunnel construction geology, accurate forecast of stereoscopic form of the shallow karst is achieved, the influence on construction is relatively small, and the construction progress is unhindered.

The invention discloses an advanced curtain grouting construction method applied to a high-pressure and water-rich karst tunnel. The advanced curtain grouting construction method applied to the high-pressure and water-rich karst tunnel includes the steps of advanced geological prediction, construction at two ends of a wall for grouting, drilling by a drilling rig, grout preparation, grouting during combination and detecting whether single hole grouting standards are met or not, if not, grout continues to be injected into a grouting hole, detection is conducted again until the requirements aremet, then whether grouting standards of a whole section are met or not is detected, if not, the grout is filled, and after the standards are met, the next stage of advanced curtain grouting construction is carried out. According to the advanced curtain grouting construction method applied to the high pressure and water-rich karst tunnel, the occurrence rate of water inrush is low, the constructionprocess is simple, the construction period is short, and the construction scheme is safer and more reliable.

The invention provides a sectional grouting construction method for karst tunnel water leakage. Construction is conducted according to the principle of obvious stream-shaped water leakage point drainage and apron grouting control, and construction is conducted on a karst tunnel sequentially from bottom to top in the radial direction. The construction method comprises the following steps that (1) one or two water drainage holes are formed with an obvious stream-shaped water leakage point serving as the center according to actual conditions, the hole diameter is not smaller than 70 mm, and hole packers are mounted in the water drainage holes and reinforced to collect water; (2) in terms of regional apron control, grouting drilled holes adopt a quincuncial shallow-deep hole combined layout mode; (3) grouting holes are flushed; (4) grouting pipes are inserted into the grouting holes; (5) hole opening waterproof plugs are arranged in the openings of the grouting holes; (6) sectional grouted grout is compacted in a controlled mode; and (7) the hole openings are blocked off through plain concrete after grouting is completed. According to the sectional grouting construction method, the grouting holes are subjected to grouting sectionally, the process of repeated drilling, grouting and hole bottom cleaning is avoided, drilling and grouting can be operated simultaneously, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the sectional grouting construction method is suitable for emergency construction.

The invention discloses a testing system and a testing method of an outburst-preventing bedrock buckling failure model of a karst tunnel, which belong to the testing system and the testing method of a surrounding rock failure model under a hydraulic coupling action. The testing system of the outburst-preventing bedrock buckling failure model of the karst tunnel comprises a base, a round bearing frame, separated combination type uniformly-distributed loading devices, a bearing platform, an electro-hydraulic servo control actuator, an electro-hydraulic servo control box, a three-dimensional digital camera and three-dimensional sound emission devices; the separated combination type uniformly-distributed loading devices are utilized for loading a testing model in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; the electro-hydraulic servo control actuator is utilized for simulating water pressure of the rear side of a bedrock; the three-dimensional digital camera and the three-dimensional sound emission devices are utilized for monitoring and locating three-dimensional deformation and three-dimensional sound emission information of the testing model during a testing process. According to the testing system and the testing method of the outburst-preventing bedrock buckling failure model of the karst tunnel, disclosed by the invention, an engineering environment of an outburst-preventing bedrock is accurately simulated, the testing efficiency is increased, the testing time and the economic cost are reduced, and the accuracy of a testing result is increased.

The invention relates to the field of tunnel seepage model tests and discloses a test device for simulating the dynamic influence of rainfall on karst tunnel seepage. The device comprises a test modelbox device used for simulating a karst area and an internal tunnel of the karst area and is positioned above the test model box device; a rainfall device used for simulating rainfall, a non-contact full-displacement field measuring device used for shooting the test model box device and recording a seepage path, the upper part of the test model box device is connected with the simulated terrain, the simulated terrain is positioned below the rainfall device, and the boundary of the simulated terrain is matched with the boundary above the test model box device. The device is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the model test. The invention further comprises a test method of the device. The test method specifically comprises the following steps: topographic data extraction; determining test parameters; manufacturing a test model; installing a test device; stratum, tunnel and terrain simulation; adding a coloring agent; water level simulation; rainfall simulation; dynamic collection oftest data. The method can obtain the seepage path of the seepage field.

The invention relates to the field of karst tunnels, in particular to an open cut tunnel structure of a simply supported arch of a tunnel traversing a huge karst cave and a construction method thereof. The structure comprises a U-shaped substrate, an arch part simply supported arch, a vault backfill body and a bridge beam plate. The tops of two sides of the U-shaped substrate are in contact with upper surrounding rocks, a slot I is formed in one side of the inner wall of the U-shaped substrate, and a slot II is formed in the other side of the U-shaped substrate; the vault backfill body fills aspace among the upper surrounding rocks of the arch part simply supported arch; a side substrate I and a side substrate II are separately arranged on two sides of the arch part simply supported arch;the side substrate I is placed in the slot I and can shift vertically and transversely in the slot I; the side substrate II is placed in the slot II and can shift vertically and transversely in the slot II; and the bridge beam plate is placed in a space encircled by the arch part simply supported arch and the U-shaped substrate, and two ends of the bridge beam plate are located on stable foundations at two ends of the karst cave. The construction method is used to construct the structure. The open cut tunnel structure achieves dynamic and static separation and can avoid excessive structural settlement caused by dynamic and static load coupling.

The invention discloses a karst tunnel water burst sensing early warning system and a karst tunnel water burst sensing early warning method based on Internet of Things. The system comprises a tunnel water burst premonition multivariate information sensing platform layer, a data sensing network transmission storage and analysis layer and a disaster graded early warning layer, wherein the tunnel water burst premonition multivariate information sensing platform layer uses a sensing terminal to collect data information and accesses the data information into the data sensing network transmission storage and analysis layer in a distributed way, the data sensing network transmission storage and analysis layer receives the data transmitted by the tunnel water burst premonition multivariate information sensing platform layer and stores the received data into a space database, a cloud computing service platform is used for analyzing and processing the data, and the analysis result is subjected to early warning indication issuing through a four-color early warning platform through the disaster grading early warning layer. The system and the method provided by the invention have the advantages that the fast real-time monitoring on the water burst disaster multivariate premonition information is realized, meanwhile, the scientific storage, the fast processing and the timely issuing of the monitored data are completed, and the project delay, the construction personnel casualty and the mechanical equipment damage due to tunnel water burst are reduced.

The invention discloses a karst tunnel bottom filling beaded type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, tunnel bottom karst detection is conducted, specifically, tunnel bottom beaded type karst detection is conducted through a geological radar, for a section with determined karst, geological drilling is adopted for detectionconfirmation to determine beaded type karst distribution conditions including the number of karst caves, the sizes of the karst caves, the positions of the karst caves and karst cave filling conditions; and secondly, steel pipe pile grouting hole design is conducted, specifically, according to the beaded type karst distribution conditions, steel pipe pile grouting parameters are determined. According to the method, the hole forming problem of grouting reinforcement of karst tunnel filling beaded type karst cave steel pipe piles is well solved, through the arrangement of multiple stages of casing pipes, collapse of filler is effectively prevented, drilled holes can be relatively easily formed, drilling equipment is easy to machine on site, the cost is low, mounting and dismounting are easy, the construction speed is high, the hole forming rate is high, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the economic benefit and social benefit are obvious.

The invention relates to a chemical dissolution and cleaning dredging method for crystallization blockage of a karst tunnel drainage system. The problems that blockage of the drainage system by karstcrystallization universally exists in tunnel engineering in karst areas, and a serious threat to safety and long-term operation of a tunnel engineering structure is brought are solved. According to the chemical dissolution and cleaning dredging method for crystallization blockage of the karst tunnel drainage system, a polymer carboxylic acid type organic acid reagent with the concentration of 2000-2200 ppm and the dichromate index of 17.71-20% is adopted as a dissolution and cleaning solvent. The chemical dissolution and cleaning dredging method comprises the construction steps of electromagnetic detection of blockage points, arrangement of dissolution and cleaning pipelines, a chemical dissolution phase, auxiliary dredging measures, a cycle cleaning stage, and blockage of dissolution andcleaning pipeline holes. The dissolution and cleaning solvent is environmentally friendly, does not react with cement-based and PVC plastic materials, and can effectively clear karst crystal substances of the drainage system. The construction method can effectively solve the problem of blockage of the drainage system by karst crystallization universally existing in tunnel engineering in the karstareas.

The invention relates to a green system and method for removing grown-up karst tunnel draining pipeline crystals and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The system comprises a CO2 purifying device composed of a pressure swing adsorption device (PSA device) and a CO2 collecting tank, and a refrigerating device composed of a water storage water tank and a refrigerator. The bottom of the water storage water tank is connected with a water pump and the CO2 collecting tank, and the upper portion of the water storage water tank is connected with a center ditch through a water levelcontrol valve. The water pump is connected with a longitudinal water draining pipe on one side of the interior of a water draining zone through a connecting three-way joint, a transverse water draining pipe on the side of the interior of the water draining zone is connected with an intelligent valve, and a transverse water draining pipe on the other side of the water draining zone keeps the normalwater draining state. By means of the green system and method for removing grown-up karst tunnel draining pipeline crystals, the crystal problem of a water draining system can be solved greenly, in addition, CO2 waste gas in a tunnel and tunnel drained water can be effectively utilized, self marketing of CO2 gas in the karst tunnel is achieved, and a new application direction is also provided forautomobile tail gas treatment and karst tunnel water resource utilization.

The invention discloses a monitoring method for karst tunnel structure safety warning. The method includes: monitoring the rainfall situation of a tunnel area in real time through a rainfall monitoring system; acquiring the lining structural internal force (including the lining surface stress and the lining structural stress) through a structural internal force monitoring system; transmitting thedata obtained by the rainfall monitoring system and the structural internal force monitoring system to a data platform through a wireless network, and processing the data by using a data analysis andprocessing system; establishing a database of the rainfall parameters and the lining structural internal force; selecting a suitable neural network model to train and learn samples in the database; and establishing a relation curve between the lining structural internal force and the structural safety degree, and pre-warning the structural safety according to a structural internal force change trend value predicted in advance by the neural network prediction model and a structural full life curve. The invention provides an early warning. The monitoring method ensures the structural safety of the tunnel and provides a guarantee for the safe operation of the karst tunnel.