82results about "Shaft raising" patented technology

A secondary shaft formation construction method based on a raise boring process. A directional drilling rig (3), a composite drill pipe (5) and a directional drill bit (4) are used for drilling a directional borehole (8), and after the directional borehole (8) is drilled, the composite drill pipe (5) is tripped out, a deviation of the directional borehole (8) is measured, and a raise boring machine (9) is installed; a small raise boring pipe (10) and a reamer bit (11) are connected, and the reamer bit (11) drills along the directional borehole (8) for secondary reaming to form a pilot hole (12); then, the reamer bit (11) is replaced with a small raise boring bit (13), and the small raise boring pipe (10) is tripped out to drive the small raise boring bit (13) to excavate along the pilot hole (12) to form a guide shaft (14); the small raise boring pipe (10) and the small raise boring bit (13) are removed, a large raise boring pipe (15) is tripped into the guide shaft (14) downwardly along a design direction of a vertical / inclined shaft (17), a large raise boring bit (16) is connected, and the raise boring machine (9) drives and lifts the large raise boring bit (16) to excavate along the guide shaft (14) to form a shaft. On the basis of first excavating the guide shaft (14) using the raise boring machine (9), a secondary reaming technology is implemented, so that the influence of a deviation of the directional borehole (8) on shaft formation is effectively eliminated.

The invention discloses a vertical shaft excavation construction method, a vertical shaft to be excavated is divided into a first vertical shaft to be excavated and a second vertical shaft to be excavated, and the construction method comprises the following construction steps that S1, an upper flat tunnel is excavated and constructed to the bottom of the first vertical shaft to be excavated to form a first cross section, the lower flat tunnel is excavated to the bottom of the second vertical shaft to be excavated to form a second cross section; s2, a section of the lower portion of the first shaft to be excavated serves as a protection section to be reserved, and construction is conducted on the top of the first shaft to be excavated to the top of the protection section through a normal well method; a slag sliding pilot shaft is constructed downwards along the axis of the second vertical shaft to be excavated through a raise-boring method; s3, after the slag sliding pilot shaft construction is completed, the protection section continues to be constructed to the first cross section through the normal well method; and S4, a second vertical shaft is planned to be excavated to a second cross section through inverse well construction by adopting construction equipment of a normal well method. According to the vertical shaft excavation construction method, the technical problem that the construction difficulty of the deep and large vertical shaft is high is solved.

The invention discloses a vertical shaft and inclined shaft non-blasting excavation construction method and a working platform. A guide shaft space is constructed through mutual cooperation of a forward drilling machine and a raise boring machine; measuring and setting out the section, determining the construction footage, and generating drilling coordinates according to the geometrical relationship between the pilot well space and the tunnel face; according to a preset rule, splitting hole sites of a staggered hole net are arranged on the outer edge and the interior of the section; according to the drilling coordinates and the splitting hole positions, splitting the rock mass through a splitting rod according to preset parameters; collecting and obtaining hole periphery convergence data in real time, and correcting the construction footage according to the data feedback; collecting the slag charge of the tunnel face to a guide well mouth through mechanical slagging-off operation, and sliding the slag through the guide well; and carrying out primary support and updating support parameters in real time, and entering the next cycle footage after updating is completed. The requirements for low disturbance, early supporting, high safety and high efficiency can be met, adaptation to complex working conditions is achieved through unmanned and remote centralized control, and therefore the construction requirements under the complex working conditions are met.

The invention discloses a drill rod tension type vertical shaft tunneling process which comprises the following steps: constructing a pilot shaft into a stratum by utilizing a raise boring machine, constructing a starting shaft, sequentially hoisting a tunneling machine and a hanging scaffold system into the starting shaft by utilizing hoisting equipment, and driving a tension drill rod to sequentially penetrate through the hanging scaffold system and the tunneling machine by utilizing the raise boring machine, and the tunneling machine continues to be lowered into the lower horizontal roadway and is fixed through the drill rod tensioning device, the tunneling machine starts to conduct tunneling circulating operation downwards along the tension drill rod through the stepping mechanism, and the hanging scaffold system conducts well wall supporting circulating operation downwards along the tension drill rod through the stepping mechanism till the tunneling machine conducts tunneling to the lower horizontal roadway. The tension drill rod serves as a main fixing structure and can bear the weight of the heading machine, the rock breaking positive pressure and the weight of the hanging scaffold, and the heading effect is supported not to be affected and limited by the stratum; the tension drill rod provides guidance, and the tunneling machine is guided on a correct tunneling path in real time, so that the construction efficiency and the tunneling well completion quality are improved.

The invention provides a self-weight lower deslagging construction technology of a road tunnel vertical shaft heading machine, and relates to the technical field of tunnel vertical shaft construction. Stable conversion of the deslagging process is achieved through the dynamic regulation and control technology, a progressive pressure reduction strategy is adopted to adjust tunneling parameters in four stages to enter the position above a raise-boring working chamber (thrust is decreased from 14000kN to 8000kN, torque is decreased from 3000kNm to 2000kNm), step changing is conducted by reasonably utilizing the positions of a supporting shoe, a stabilizing shoe and a cutterhead relative to an auxiliary transverse channel, and the tunneling efficiency is improved. Therefore, the conversion preparation of the tunneling process is completed.

The present invention relates to a cutter head applicable to raise boring machine construction, which comprises a central block and a plurality of side blocks. Hob cutters are provided on the top surfaces of the central block and the side blocks. The plurality of side blocks are evenly arranged around the outer periphery of the central block along the circumferential direction of the central block, and the side blocks are hinged to the central block. The side blocks can swing towards the direction close to the center of the central block so as to reduce the diameter of the cutter head applicable to raise boring machine construction. The present invention can effectively solve the problem that the cutter head of the raise boring machine cannot be lowered after support.

The utility model discloses a raise boring machine chambering device with an adjusting function, which comprises a protective cover and a limit rod, a support seat is arranged on the upper side of the protective cover, the limit rod is arranged in an operating rod, and a motor is mounted in the protective cover. The first driving wheel is arranged on the lower side of the driving rod, an adjusting assembly is arranged on the outer side of the second driving wheel, an adjusting rod is installed at the outer end of a baffle, a connecting bolt is connected to the inner side of an adjusting block, and a supporting frame is arranged on the inner side of the connecting block. According to the raise boring machine reaming device with the adjusting function, by additionally arranging the limiting block and the connecting bolt, connection between the supporting base and the operating rod is reinforced, meanwhile, the perforating cutter can be detached and replaced through tightening of the connecting bolt, and compared with the traditional technology, the whole raise boring machine reaming device has the advantages that rapid assembly is achieved, meanwhile, the hole drilling efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the hole drilling efficiency is improved. And the chambering diameter of the chambering device of the raise boring machine is inconvenient to adjust.

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground tunneling equipment, in particular to a protective device of a vertical shaft drilling machine and the vertical shaft drilling machine. The protection device comprises a fixing plate and a plurality of shielding mechanisms, and the shielding mechanisms are located in the circumferential direction of the edge of the drill rod and movably arranged on the fixing plate. A sealing assembly is arranged on the end face, close to the drill rod, of the shielding mechanism. Under the action of external force, the shielding mechanism is provided with a first position moving close to the drill rod and a second position moving away from the drill rod. And at the first position, each sealing assembly is attached to the drill rod, so that the sealing assemblies of the multiple shielding mechanisms are connected to form a sealing ring, and the shielding mechanisms are connected with the fixing plate in a sealed mode. When slurry carries rock slag to flow downwards, due to sealing of the shielding mechanism, the slurry cannot enter the gap between the power equipment and the drill rod, but is directly guided to the outside, and the situation that foreign matter affects normal operation of the equipment or causes mechanical faults is avoided.

The present invention discloses a fully mechanized wellbore construction method based on raise drilling technology. First, a raise drilling rig is set up on the ground, and a pilot drill bit is installed on the end of the drill pipe of the raise drilling rig. A directional guide hole is drilled downward from the ground to form a primary directional guide hole. Then, the pilot drill bit is removed and replaced with a reaming drill bit to perform a primary reaming operation to form a wellbore. Concrete is then filled into the wellbore. When the concrete setting strength reaches a specified strength, a secondary directional guide hole is drilled into the concrete by the raise drilling rig on the ground until the concrete is drilled through. The pilot drill bit is then removed and replaced with a secondary raise drilling bit with a smaller diameter to perform a secondary reaming operation. The fully mechanized wellbore construction method of the present invention realizes the one-time formation of the wellbore support and the wellbore. The wellbore support construction does not require manual work in the wellbore, thus avoiding the problem of safety hazards in the wellbore support construction. It achieves "drilling without going down the well", improves construction safety, and can also improve the quality of the wellbore support.

This invention belongs to the field of tunneling machine technology and proposes a tunneling machine and construction method for pre-mixed high-pressure abrasive water jet vertical shaft excavation. The rotary sealing mechanism includes a dynamic-static conversion component installed on the main unit, and a buffer component is installed between the dynamic-static conversion component and the main unit. Through the coupled design of mechanical seal and buffer shock absorption in the rotary sealing mechanism, it can adapt to rotational vibration conditions and realize long-distance sealed transportation of high-pressure fluid. At the same time, multiple outer contour cutting nozzles are inclined outward on the outer contour of the cutterhead, multiple hole-expanding nozzles are vertically installed on the feed end face of the cutterhead, and multiple slag discharge nozzles are inclined on the inner wall of the outer contour of the cutterhead, which solves the problems of backflow clogging of the jet cutter and cutter burial. Through long-distance sealed transportation, hole expansion and slag discharge functions, the coupled application of jet technology and vertical shaft excavation tunneling machine reverse drilling rig is realized, improving drilling efficiency and reducing cutter wear.

The invention relates to the technical field of mine draw shaft construction, discloses a construction method of a pre-reinforced anti-seepage type mine draw shaft and the draw shaft, and solves the problems that an existing draw shaft is prone to collapse and water seepage, high in construction safety risk and high in cost. Performing high-pressure grouting (3-4MPa) by using PO4.25 cement every 5m, verifying, circulating until the guide hole is communicated, reversely digging and reaming to form a shaft with the diameter of 1.5-1.8 m, and installing a vibrating funnel; the draw shaft comprises a reinforcing impermeable layer of 4-8.5 m; the main structure of the draw shaft comprises a reinforced impermeable layer, a shaft body and a vibrating funnel, the reinforced impermeable layer is of an annular structure distributed along the design center line of the draw shaft; the method is safe in mechanical construction, high in efficiency, stable in seepage prevention and low in cost, and can be expanded to main and auxiliary shafts and ventilation shafts.

The invention discloses a collaborative construction method for vertical shaft subsection SBE tunneling and adit upward bending section excavation, and belongs to the technical field of pumped storage power station construction. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, determining an SBE tunneling sub-section; secondly, hovering points are arranged in the vertical shaft; thirdly, a positioning hole and a pilot shaft are constructed in the center of the vertical shaft in sequence to be communicated with an existing roadway or tunnel on the lower side of the vertical shaft; 4, the vertical shaft is excavated to an SBE tunneling section from top to bottom through the SBE in an expanding mode, and then the SBE is lifted to a hovering point; 5, slag slipping is conducted through the pilot shaft, and integrated layered blasting excavation is conducted on the upper adit reserved rock plug, the adit upper bent section and the vertical shaft within the height range of the adit upper bent section; sixthly, a simplified starting well is constructed; and 7, the SBE is lowered to complete expanding excavation operation of the remaining part of the vertical shaft. The defects existing in the prior art are fundamentally overcome, collaborative excavation construction of the adit upper bent section and the vertical shaft is achieved, and the SBE expanding excavation raise boring well guide method is deepened and developed.

The present invention provides an upward shaft construction device and method, the upward shaft construction device comprises: a rotary cutting device, a jacking device and a back-stop device, the rotary cutting device can be installed on the upper end of the shaft segment, the jacking device can be detachably abutted against the lower end of the shaft segment and drive the shaft segment and the rotary cutting device to move upward, and the back-stop device can be detachably connected to the shaft segment and support the shaft segment. Through the present invention, the segment can be prevented from retreating under the action of gravity during the construction process, the safety is high, the complexity of the construction process is reduced, the number of construction personnel is reduced, and the equipment can be retreated downward in the shaft by using a back-up cylinder and a back-up stand, the main tunnel segment is also used as a cutter disc, the cutter disc manufacturing process is simplified, and there is no need to make a cutter disc separately.

The utility model discloses a high-section blind uphill one-time blasting well-forming blast hole arrangement structure, and belongs to the technical field of mine laneway engineering blasting. A high-section blind uphill one-time blasting well-forming blast hole arrangement structure comprises a well-forming plane, no less than two charging holes are formed in the middle of the well-forming plane, a plurality of empty holes are evenly formed in the outer sides of the multiple charging holes, a plurality of first peripheral holes are evenly formed in the outer sides of the multiple empty holes, and a plurality of second peripheral holes are evenly formed in the outer sides of the multiple first peripheral holes. A plurality of second peripheral holes and empty holes are evenly formed in the outer sides of the first peripheral holes, the first peripheral holes and the second peripheral holes are all located in the well completion plane, the diameter of the empty holes is larger than that of the charging holes, and the first peripheral holes, the second peripheral holes, the charging holes, the first peripheral holes and the second peripheral holes are all filled with blasting materials. The number of the charging holes and the empty holes is increased, and the well completion plane is arranged in the middle of the mine roadway, so that sufficient compensation space can be provided during well completion blasting, blasting shock waves fully escape, and the height and success rate of one-time blasting well completion are increased.

The invention provides an ultra-deep mechanical method vertical shaft construction method based on multi-shaft cooperative construction, which comprises the following steps: S1, respectively constructing a first vertical shaft pilot well section and a second vertical shaft pilot hole section at the positions of a first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft, and constructing an inclined shaft channel between the bottoms of the first vertical shaft pilot well section and the second vertical shaft pilot hole section; performing reverse reaming, tunneling and supporting on the pilot hole section of the second vertical shaft; s2, a second shaft pilot well section is constructed below the second shaft raise construction section, a first shaft pilot hole section is constructed below the first shaft pilot well section, and an inclined shaft channel is constructed between the bottom of the second shaft pilot well section and the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section; performing reverse reaming, tunneling and supporting on the pilot hole section of the first vertical shaft; and S3, the step S1 and the step S2 are repeated until the first vertical shaft and the second vertical shaft are tunneled to the target depth. The advantages of a normal well method and an inverse well method are fused, the efficiency bottleneck of anti-gravity deslagging of vertical shaft tunneling is overcome, tunneling-supporting-shunting deslagging is achieved in parallel, the vertical shaft completion efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.

The present invention is a shaft construction device and construction method, the shaft construction device includes a transmission device, a jacking device and a tunneling device, the tunneling device is arranged at the wellhead position; the jacking device includes a jacking support, a first slide rail, a second slide rail and a jacking mechanism, the jacking support is arranged near the wellhead position, the transmission device extends to the bottom of the jacking support, the first slide rail transports the pipe section to the splicing position of the wellhead, and the second slide rail transports the pipe section on the transmission device to the first slide rail; the jacking mechanism includes a slider, a clamping device and a first jacking cylinder arranged vertically, the slider and the clamping device are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the first jacking cylinder, the slider can move along the first slide rail and the second slide rail, and the slider can move between the second slide rail and the first slide rail. The present invention solves the technical problems of poor safety of shaft excavation operations connected to existing tunnels, complicated equipment and construction methods, and high requirements on the stratum.

The utility model relates to a vertical jacking machine which is applied to vertical jacking in a rock tunnel, a cutter head is arranged at the top of jacking equipment, the cutter head is provided with a main shaft and a transverse shaft, an alloy rolling cutter head is arranged on the transverse shaft, the alloy rolling cutter head is used for crushing and cutting a tunnel top rock layer, and the alloy rolling cutter head is used for crushing and cutting rocks. The problem of adaptability of vertical jacking in a soil layer can be solved, the vertical jacking device can be suitable for soft soil and hard rock stratums, the problem that only blind jacking can be achieved in previous vertical jacking is solved, and the vertical jacking device has the active rock breaking capacity.

The invention relates to the technical field of raise boring, in particular to a raise boring machine reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism which comprises a bearing seat, a plurality of radial holes extending in the radial direction of the bearing seat are formed in the bearing seat, a steel ball is arranged in each radial hole, and a steel ball mounting sliding block, a first spring and an adjusting sliding block are slidably mounted in each radial hole. An extension rod vertically extending downwards to the outside of the bearing seat is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting sliding block, an adjusting unit is arranged outside the bearing seat, an elastic positioning rod is elastically mounted in the mounting hole, and when the steel ball completely enters the radial hole, the axis of the positioning hole and the axis of the mounting hole are located on the same straight line. According to the technical scheme, the extension rods on all the adjusting sliding blocks are synchronously driven through the adjusting unit, it can be guaranteed that the distances between the adjusting sliding blocks and the axis of the bearing base are consistent, the elastic positioning rods can be inserted into the positioning holes to fix the positions of the steel ball installation sliding blocks, and unnecessary collision between the steel balls and the grooves when the drill rod grooves rotate is avoided.

The present invention discloses a method for calculating the internal forces of a special segment structure during upward shield construction. The method determines the vertical load and lateral load of the special segment structure; based on the fact that the special segment ring structure is a quadratic indeterminate structure, a displacement coordination equation at the elastic center is established, and the elastic center method is used to analyze the internal forces of the special segment ring; the segments at the openings of the special segment ring structure are approximated as curved thin plates, the stress conditions of the special segment structure are analyzed, and the internal force calculation of the lateral load is corrected; the internal forces of the special segment structure under the action of the vertical load are calculated; and the segment ring internal forces under the action of the lateral load and the vertical load are superimposed to obtain the final internal forces of the special segment. The calculation method proposed by the present invention is simple and has strong applicability, and takes into account the special loads caused by upward shield construction and the influence of the construction opening.

The invention discloses a construction process for a line-out shaft under conditions of rock mass crushing, which belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower construction engineering, and comprises the following steps: S1, preparation before construction: including arranging temporary construction projects on site according to the actual construction requirements of the line-out shaft, conducting safety education and training for relevant personnel, and performing basic treatment on the bottom of the existing shaft; S2, construction of a geological drilling rig pilot hole; S3, backfilling and supporting the excavated part of the existing shaft; S4, construction of a raise drilling rig pilot hole; S5, construction of a shaft boring machine pilot hole; S6, dismantling of the shaft boring machine and the wellhead system; S7, excavation, support and lining of the entire cross-section of the wellhead locking section, and gradually completing the construction of the line-out shaft. By adopting a timely support method of excavating and supporting one layer at a time during the construction process and by timely support after excavation, the relatively short self-stabilization time of the surrounding rock under the condition of rock mass crushing is effectively utilized, and large-scale deformation and damage that may occur during the construction of the line-out shaft is avoided.

The invention discloses a method for reverse well construction of a large-diameter wellbore in a deep surface soil layer, comprising the following steps: (A) preparation for wellbore construction; (B) using a rotary drilling rig to excavate a surface soil section to form a pilot well, and the pilot well is excavated to a bedrock section; (C) backfilling the pilot well with concrete; (D) constructing a pilot hole at the full well depth; (E) expanding the well at the bedrock section to form a well; (F) expanding the surface soil section; and (G) supporting the well wall. The invention combines the advantages of a rotary drilling rig and a reverse well drilling rig through newly designed construction steps to form a set of safe, reliable, short-term and low-cost wellbore construction technology. The invention replaces the surface soil layer with concrete or quasi-concrete with suitable strength so that the reverse well drilling technology is suitable for the full well depth, thereby achieving the purpose of safely, quickly and economically constructing the wellbore.

The invention relates to a large-diameter self-cleaning pressure stabilizing type drilling machine cutter which comprises a raise boring machine cutter, a hydraulic lifting mechanism and a radius adjusting supporting mechanism, the raise boring machine cutter comprises a center box body, a connecting rod, a left cutter clack and a right cutter clack, and the left cutter clack and the right cutter clack are fixed to the side face of the center box body; the top surfaces of the upper panels of the left blade and the right blade are inclined; the hydraulic lifting mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a lifting hydraulic cylinder and a lifting rod, the raise boring machine tool is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting plate and drives the lifting rod to lift up and down, and the bottom end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with a fixing block; the radius adjusting supporting mechanism comprises supporting hydraulic cylinders and telescopic supporting feet, the multiple supporting hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the circumferential direction of the side face of the fixing block, one end of each supporting hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the fixing block, a piston rod of each supporting hydraulic cylinder faces the outer side in the radial direction, and the end of the piston rod of each supporting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the corresponding telescopic supporting foot.

A construction method of a variable-axis shaft in rock mass relates to underground engineering construction technology, in particular, a method for excavation and support of underground shaft structure. The method constructs a variable-axis shaft including a straight section and a variable-axis section. When the variable-axis section is expanded to the starting position and the ending position, rock benches and outer inclined sections are respectively arranged on the shaft wall at the positions, rock bench locking anchor rods are arranged outside the rock benches, and outer inclined section locking anchor rods are arranged above the outer inclined sections. When excavating, smooth blasting is used for the straight section, smooth blasting is used for the rock bench side, and pre-splitting blasting is used for the outer inclined section. The method has the beneficial effects that the diameter of the straight section of the constructed shaft and the diameter of the variable-axis section do not change, the speed of the slag is reduced by changing the falling trajectory in the variable-axis shaft, energy is lost, and the purpose of energy dissipation is achieved. Moreover, the locking support is arranged on the rock bench and the outer inclined section, the forming quality of the key part of the rock mass is timely protected, and the efficiency of the shaft excavation is improved.

The utility model belongs to the field of raise-boring cutterheads, and particularly discloses a special wheel component for a raise-boring cutterhead, which is characterized in that a tire is rotatably connected with one end of a half-axle type axle, an axle sleeve assembly is sleeved at the other end of the axle, and an axle limiting block for limiting the axial displacement of the axle is arranged between the axle and the axle sleeve assembly; the wheel shaft limiting block is connected with the wheel shaft in a matched mode, the wheel shaft limiting block is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve assembly, the shaft sleeve assembly is detachably connected with the cutterhead steel plate, the wheel shaft directly stretches into the cutterhead steel plate to serve as a positioning pin, a plurality of heavy opening spring cylindrical pins are attached to the periphery, overall bearing of the wheel set is guaranteed, special long studs do not need to be used any more, and the wheel set is convenient to use. The half shaft wheel set is particularly suitable for the characteristic of thick plate of middle and large raise-boring cutterheads, is simple in structure and convenient to disassemble, can ensure the construction operation efficiency, and greatly reduces the damage probability compared with a traditional half shaft wheel set.

Each motor (8) includes a cylinder block (13) separate from the cylinder blocks of the other motors, in a method in which the head (2) is driven at a set point speed by only a first subset (M1, M4, M7) of the motors in the set, and subsequently the head is driven at the set point speed by only a second subset (M2, M5, M8) of the motors in the set, the second subset being different from the first subset.

The present invention discloses a mechanized pre-cut roof medium-long hole blasting top and bottom pillar high-efficiency mining technology method; it relates to the field of underground mining technology, and comprises the following steps: S1, first fill the empty area with tailings, and after the strength reaches the requirement, divide the ore body stope into plate areas, and carry out mining in the plate area in the first and second step stopes; S2, take the remaining pedestrian ventilation tunnel as the cutting tunnel, and dig a cutting shaft upward in the middle of the cutting tunnel of the first step; S3, first cut the top at the top and bottom pillar of the ore body, and support the ore body top plate, and lower the cut ore through the cutting shaft to the remaining Pedestrian ventilation tunnel for mining; S4, using the cutting skylight and the cutting tunnel as free surfaces to form a cutting groove, and digging downward parallel medium-deep holes on the steps for positive blasting and inclined upward mining; S5, using the directional throwing effect of downward parallel medium-deep hole blasting, the ore is thrown into the retained pedestrian ventilation tunnel, and finally the ore is transported through the vein through the ore extraction and entered into the trackless mining lane along the vein by the scraper; S6, the mining site where the top and bottom pillars are mined in the first step is filled with tailings, and after the maintenance is completed, the second step of mining is carried out according to the above steps until the mining of the entire top and bottom pillars is completed. The effect of this application is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling construction, and particularly relates to a large-diameter cluster type pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer reamer bit and a drilling method, and the bit comprises a central pipe, a front guide bit, a down-the-hole hammer, an air chamber, an anti-jamming drill groove and a control system; the central pipe is used for transmitting torque and rotating speed and serves as a deslagging channel; the air chamber upper cover plate, the air chamber lower cover plate, the bundling body peripheral cylinder, the front joint positioning plate, the bottom lip plate and the central pipe jointly form a bundling body; the bottom of the central pipe is connected with the front guide drill bit, and a slag inlet is formed in the side wall of the front guide drill bit and used for receiving rock slag discharged by the anti-jamming drill groove and guiding the rock slag into a slag discharging channel of the central pipe; the plurality of down-the-hole hammers are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the central pipe in the circumferential direction; the air chamber is formed by connecting an air chamber peripheral cylinder, an air chamber upper cover plate and an air chamber lower cover plate; the problems of low crushing efficiency and drill jamming of large-diameter reaming drilling are solved, the deslagging effect is improved, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

The present invention discloses a cutterhead, which relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and comprises a central disc body that is power-connected to the output end of the main drive component mounted on the machine body and can rotate, a plurality of spoke arms connected to the central disc body, and a roller cutter arranged on the top surface of each spoke arm, each spoke arm is distributed circumferentially along the central disc body, and a material guide trough is connected between the bottom surfaces of any two adjacent spoke arms in the circumferential direction, which is used to cover the main drive component and hold debris, and the bottom surface of each material guide trough is inclined and extends downward, so that the held debris slides to the target position under the action of its own weight. The cutterhead provided by the present invention utilizes the material guide trough to cover and protect the main drive component and other parts below the central disc body, which can prevent the debris generated during the excavation process from causing collision damage to the main drive component, thereby increasing the service life of the parts and facilitating slag discharge. The present invention also discloses a reverse shaft tunnel boring machine, the beneficial effects of which are as described above.

The invention discloses a shaft combined construction method, and relates to the technical field of shaft construction. Comprising the following steps that firstly, construction preparation is conducted, a raise boring machine is selected, and well mouth positioning and raise boring machine leveling are conducted; step 2, guide hole construction: adopting graded drilling to form a guide hole penetrating through the upper and lower horizontal planes of the vertical shaft; 3, expanding excavation construction is carried out, slope expanding, drilling and blasting operation is carried out, and vertical shaft full-section zoning and layering expanding excavation is carried out from top to bottom with the guide hole as the center; fourthly, primary supporting is carried out, and supporting is synchronously carried out on the expanding excavation face when one layer is expanded and excavated in the zoning and layering expanding excavation process; and 5, secondary supporting is conducted, specifically, after expanding excavation and primary supporting construction are conducted to the bottom of the vertical shaft, secondary supporting is conducted on the wall face of the vertical shaft from bottom to top through the slip form. The mode that the raise boring machine guide hole and manual expanding excavation are combined is adopted, the problems of ventilation, drainage and deslagging existing in the manual expanding excavation process are solved in advance through the guide hole, the technology of secondary lining from bottom to top of the slip form is combined, and the time of the supporting procedure is greatly shortened.