The invention discloses a block level backup method based on content address storage, which comprises the steps that A, according to a size and a threshold of a predefined data segment and a source volume state bitmap, and by taking a data block as a unit, and a continuous 1 sequence in the source volume state bitmap as a basis, a source volume data area is segmented, and each single segment is named as a data segment; and B, according to a fingerprint algorithm, a data segment fingerprint is computed, an old fingerprint of each data segment is acquired by querying a fingerprint library, whether each data segment is a repeating data segment or a non-repeating data segment is determined, each non-repeating data segment is transmitted to a storage medium by a network, and the fingerprint library is updated. The invention further provides a client based on the content-addressed storage and a network storage system. With the adoption of the technical scheme, high-efficiency de-duplication can be achieved.