51 results about "Landscape ecology" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling a pattern of a protective forest system. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, acquiring land utilization landscape characteristics of a river basin in each period, and analyzing the evolution characteristics of the land utilization pattern of the river basin; 2, analyzing the driving factors of the change of the landscape type of the river basin and the main driving power of the change of the land utilization of the river basin by a principal component analysis method; 3, analyzing and comparing the condition of the ecological service function of the river basin in each period in the aspects of water source conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, nutrient substance accumulation, atmospheric environment purification and biodiversity protection; and 4, performing dynamic simulation by using a gray linear planning method and a Clue-s model to acquire the landscape optimized configuration scheme of the river basin. By processing satellite images in different time sequences, the relation between the change of a landscape pattern and natural, social and economic activities is uncovered, a driving mechanism which influences the evolution of the landscape pattern is analyzed, and the method for regulating and controlling the pattern of the protective forest system on the basis of landscape ecology is constructed.

The invention discloses a degraded lakeside wetland and a restoration technology for the ecological function thereof, belonging to the field of environmental protection and biotechnology. On the basis of generally surveying the current situations of the natural wetland vegetation and plant community of the lakeside, the invention adopts the relative theories of vegetation ecology, restoration ecology and landscape ecology to construct the degraded wetland plant community; the water purification function of the plant is developed and the physical block function of the plant promotes the sediment of the suspended matter in water. Combined with the eco-engineering technology, the invention modifies the estuarine ecosystem by the interception function of the wave breaker, makes good use of the natural purification of the estuarine ecosystem and controls the nutrient input from the running water so as to restore the environmental value, ecology value and economic aesthetics value of the wetland. The restoration technology has the characteristics of strong operability, low cost, low maintenance cost, remarkable landscape value and economic value, and high water purification efficiency, and is suitable for the restoration and the water treatment of the natural wetland ecosystem of the lakeside in China.

The invention discloses a construction and building method of an anti-pollution mangrove forest protection forest. The construction and building method comprises the following steps that 1-2-year seedling mangrove plant species with the standard municipal sewage rate being more than 50% are selected according to municipal sewage standards; annular pagatpat annual or laguncularia racemosa biennial seedling forest zone with the width being 15m-20m is planted and constructed on mudflats which have more serious offshore pollution and great storms and are unsuitable for afforestation; after a pagatpat or laguncularia racemosa forest is planted for 2-3 years, the mangrove plant species are planted in a space in an offshore annular zone with the width being 15m-20m; the plant spacing and the row spacing for planting pagatpat or laguncularia racemosa are 1m-2m and 1m-2m respectively; the plant spacing of planting a local mangrove forest is 0.5m-1m and the row spacing is 0.5m-1m. According to the construction and building method, the mangrove forest is built on the mudflats which have more serious offshore pollution and great storms and are unsuitable for afforestation, so that the local mangrove forest can be built while exotic species are planted; the landscape ecology is coordinated and the species are diversified and abundant; the mangrove forest is high in survival rate and has good anti-pollution and anti-storm performances.

Disclosed is a method for vegetation recovery in garbage burying field using covering soil modified from urban sludge, comprising following steps: using the sludge of urban sewage factory as covering soil modifier for garbage burying field, adding amendment into the sludge, and mixing them uniformly with the covering soil to produce modified covering soil; covering the modified covering soil onto the surface of the covering soil in garbage burying field, smoothing without compaction, planting resistant plants adaptive to the garbage burying field environment. The method disclosed can accelerating vegetation recovery in garbage burying field obviously, and shorten vegetation recovery course; solve the problem of large area of dilapidated ground in garbage burying field, tight covering soil resource, and environmental contamination and landscape ecology sever damage, so as to economize in large amounts of ground resource and bring appreciable economic profit.

On the basic of theories such as landscape ecology and ecological service functions, methods such as a landscape pattern analytical method, an ecosystem service evaluation method and a landscape ecological function network simulation method are adopted, through determining technology of corridor and node positions, a heat island control pattern, a water resource protecting and flood detection pattern and a geological disaster safety protection pattern are overlaid, a critical area (such as an existing large-scale ecological plaque) and a critical node (such as an existing ecological plaque which needs to be reformed or newly built) in an ecological security pattern are judged, a critical position which needs to be ecologically built or adjusted and a sequence are obtained, the degree of importance of critical points can be calculated through plaque important indexes, integration and model optimization of technology of construction of the urban-rural integration ecological security pattern are carried out, and an ecosystem service and urban-rural spatial arrangement are linked.

The invention discloses a landscape pattern optimizing mode for a land consolidation project, which optimizes a land consolidation project planning mode for changing a regional landscape pattern in large scale by using the thought of landscape ecology and starting from the overall pattern of the landscape ecology. The overall landscape pattern analysis comprises a landscape suitability evaluation method supported by a GIS and ecological reconstruction and protected mode of a landscape level, selection of a key position of a recovery mode and construction of a sustainable landscape ecology pattern (figure 1) through construction of a minimum cost surface model and protection, reconstruction and combination of a key point, a line and a local part (surface). The main implementation comprises three levels, namely investigation, attribute classification and protection of original natural patches, construction of channels, roads and ecological hedge galleries and construction of key gallery crossing points.

The invention provides a GIS (geographic information system)-based quantitative evaluation method of visual landscape influence and relates to the fields including landscape ecology, the GIS and urban planning. Based on the GIS, the quantitative evaluation is performed; an effective method to reduce the visual landscape influence is provided to solve the technical problem of determining the maximum ecological land area in the urban development. The technical scheme includes 1, establishing a digital terrain model according to basically topographic data, and generating a three-dimensional display image; 2, selecting sensitive landscape viewpoints; 3, analyzing exposure degree of the viewpoints; 4, analyzing visual distances; and 5, analyzing the influenced sensitive points, evaluating section lines among buildings in a site, and providing a layout plan of shield greening. In this way, the visual landscape environmental influence is evaluated in an objective and quantitative manner, and practicability in building and maintenance of the visual landscape sensitive areas including natural protection areas and historical cultural relics and remains is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for repairing a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt by use of bermuda grass. The method comprises steps of firstly investigating and screening plants on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt of the Baihua lake so as to screen out plants capable of growing on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt; then carrying out indoor and outdoor simulation experiments for the bermuda grass so as to detect adaptability of the bermuda grass to the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt, and determining that the bermuda grass can be planted on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt; and at last, cultivating the bermuda grass on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt and performing ecological repairing on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt. In this way, via systematical research, it is found that the bermuda grass is capable of growing on the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt which has been soaked in water and exposed to water for a long time, and with certain biomass, the bermuda grass can largely protect landscape ecology of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt and preventing water and soil loss.

The invention discloses a landscape ecology remediation method for coastal regions. The landscape ecology remediation method comprises the following steps: (S1) soil investigation: randomly selectingtest points in a planed to-be-remediated region, and detecting physical and chemical parameters of soil; (S2) plant screening: screening excellent, windproof and saline-alkali-tolerant plant varieties, and selecting a plant configuration mode; (S3) soil improvement; (S4) planting hole maintenance; (S5) plant plantation: spraying a root promoter to roots of the plants, and enlarging the diameter oftransplanting soil balls to be 9 times of the diameters of trunks; and (S6) windproof and anti-salt fog maintenance management. The landscape ecology remediation method has the beneficial effects that soil conditions are improved, the windproof effect is good, the planting survival rate of arbors is high, the diversity of ecological communities of the plants is enriched, the stability of an ecological system is good, the construction period is short, the cost is low, and the maintenance effect is good.

The invention discloses an agriculture and forestry composite treating method for channels. The agriculture and forestry composite treating method includes: building horizontal platforms along the channels by a bulldozer, building dam-girder-like high water-retaining side ridges on the outer sides of the platforms, building gentle ridge slopes at an angle of 40-45 degrees outside the high water-retaining side ridges, building counter-slope steps on the ridge slopes every 2-3 meters, building high side slopes at outer edges of the counter-slope steps, and finally planting economic trees, crops, fast-growing trees, forage grass and the like on the horizontal platforms, the counter-slope steps and the gentle ridge slopes respectively to complete comprehensive treatment of the channels. By the aid of the agriculture and forestry composite treating method, horizontal platforms can be quickly formed along the channels, economic benefit and water and soil conservation effect are obvious, landscape ecology of ridge slope surfaces is enriched, and development of ecological economy of the channels is promoted. The agriculture and forestry composite treating method is strong in practicality, simple and particularly suitable for being popularized and used in comprehensive treatment of small-watershed channels in wide soil mountain areas.

The invention discloses a landscape ecology floating bed. The landscape ecology floating bed comprises a floating bed body frame and plant planting pots. Components forming the floating bed body frame include a plurality of PVC pipes and a corresponding number of PVC elbows, and the PVC pipes and PVC elbow joints are assembled to form the floating bed body frame. A water flowing pump and at least one fixing unit used for placing the plant planting pots are arranged on the floating bed body frame. Each fixing unit comprises two horizontal or longitudinal rod bodies, wherein at least two connecting rods are arranged between the two rod bodies, the two ends of the connecting rods are fixed to the two rod bodies respectively, at least one placing ring is arranged between every two adjacent connecting rods, and the two rod bodies forming the fixing unit are fixed to the corresponding PVC pipes forming the floating bed body frame respectively. The plant planting pots are placed in the placing rings of the fixing units. The landscape ecology floating bed is simple in structure and can promote water flowing and improve pollution removing capacity.

The invention discloses a phytoextraction repairing method for heavy metal cadmium contaminated calcicolous farmland soil, and belongs to the technical field of phytoremediation for contaminated soil. The phytoextraction repairing method for the heavy metal cadmium contaminated calcicolous farmland soil particularly comprises the following steps that S1, hyperaccumulators of which the enrichment coefficient and transfer coefficient meet the standards are planted in the heavy metal cadmium contaminated calcicolous farmland soil; S2, a chelating agent is added to improve biological effectiveness of heavy metals; S3, growth conditions of plants are periodically observed; and S4, sampling is conducted on the plants, and the content of metal chromium at different positions of the plants is analyzed. The phytoextraction repairing method for the heavy metal cadmium contaminated calcicolous farmland soil belongs to an in-situ remediation technology, disturbance to the environment is small, landscape ecology cannot be destroyed, the environment can be greened, operation is easy, and the phytoextraction repairing method has a wide application prospect in environmental protection. According to the phytoextraction repairing method, soil fertility and ecological structure cannot be destroyed in the soil repairing process, and other crops can be planted without secondary treatment.

The invention discloses an evaluation method for a landscape fragmentation index, and belongs to the technical field of landscape ecology. The evaluation method comprises the steps of obtaining satellite remote sensing image data of the land under test; interpreting according to the satellite remote sensing image data to obtain multiple landscape indexes of the land under test; and calculating thelandscape fragmentation index according to the multiple landscape indexes of the land under test. The landscape fragmentation index obtained according to the method disclosed by the invention can accurately reflect the fragmentation degree of the landscape in an area, thereby facilitating the study for the landscape fragmentation. The method integrates multiple landscape indexes, thereby being capable of effectively avoiding a problem of index deviation caused by the regional heterogeneity. The method is conducive to the analysis for a spatial distribution pattern of the regional landscape fragmentation. The extraction method of the invention has the characteristics of universality, high efficiency simplicity and convenience.

The invention discloses a space preparation method of a reservoir water-collection area water conservation forest. The landscape ecology programming method is used for designing the space configuration of the reservoir water-collection area water conservation forest. The landscape diversity index, dominance index, evenness index, landscape separation index, fractal dimension of wedging body, breakage index of wedging body shape, breakage index of wedging body number are used as quantification indexes and the horizontal arrangement and solid arrangement of the reservoir water-collection area water conservation forest is designed. The space configuration and structure of the water conservation forest of the reservoir water-collection area are designed, thus the water-source protection function of water conservation forest is exerted to the greater limit.

The invention relates to an activated sludge-bio-filter bed-landscape ecology sewage treatment method and system. In order to solve problems that the landscape effect is poor, peculiar smell is serious, a large amount of sludge is produced and the like in the wastewater treatment process, an activated sludge-bio-filter bed-landscape ecology sewage treatment method and system are developed in combination of activated sludge, a bio-filter bed, a landscape wetland and the like in the water treatment technology. The method and the system are used for treating domestic wastewater, organic wastewater, surface polluted water and the like and have the advantages of simple structure, low operation cost and high removal rate of ammonia, nitrogen and COD (chemical oxygen demand), and organic combination and advantage complementation of landscape ecology and a wastewater treatment technology are achieved through ways such as plant matching and selection, landscape construction and the like.

The invention discloses a method for realizing the landscape ecology current situation condition analysis and the quantitative planning design based on the combination of the oblique photography, thenetwork big data and the GPS photographing. The method mainly aims at the problem that a traditional satellite surface elevation DEM cannot meet the refined landscape design requirements. By the aid of the advantages of low cost, high speed, low risk, high precision and the like of an oblique photogrammetry model, the current ecological condition can be effectively obtained through the reasonabledata processing and the multi-software matching according to the design method, a targeted landscape ecological planning and design strategy is provided, and the high-precision quantization results can be quickly obtained.

The invention discloses a WEPP-based near-natural remodeling method of a waste-dump slope of an opencast coal mine. The method includes the following steps: natural-mountain-body-slope topographic-feature extraction; natural-mountain-body-slope topographic-feature analysis; waste-dump slope section design; soil composition design of a waste-dump slope surface layer; and construction of a waste-dump slope surface vegetation system. According to the method, through research, it is found that when slope height and curvature are unchanged, design of a slope surface contour can be optimized throughchanging proportions of a convex portion of the slope in horizontal and vertical directions, thus key positions of platform arrangement are quickly found, the arrangement number of platforms or obstacles is decreased, then an actual engineering construction amount is decreased, and project costs are saved. The method starts from a concept of near-natural remodeling, follows principles of landscape ecology, remodels the waste-dump slope according with watershed erosion characteristics of a region environment where the same is located, has great significance for promoting ecological environmentrestoration of a waste-dump slope region, and has a certain aesthetic value.

The invention discloses a low-maintenance durable landscape ecology ditch. The cross section of the ecology ditch is in an inverted-trapezoidal shape. The part from the wall of the ditch to the bottom of the ditch is covered with plants. The plants on the two sides of the wall of the ditch are divided into a woody layer and a herb layer. The woody layer comprises trees and shrubs which are flood and drought growing plants with advanced respiratory roots. The herb layer comprises drought-enduring plants which do not need to be maintained. Submerged plants are arranged at the bottom of the ditch. The heliophilous trees and/or shrubs are planted on the wall of the ditch; the shade-enduring shrubs and/or herbs are planted on the lower portion; the shrubs are planted at the junction of the bottom of the ditch and the wall of the ditch; and the submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the ditch in a staggered manner. The herbs are distributed near the woody plants according to the characteristics of the herbs. According to the low-maintenance durable landscape ecology ditch, comprehensive ecology environmental protection is achieved through an ecology ditch plant planting technology, so that the ecology ditch has the due irrigation and drainage functions of ditches, in addition, the landscape effect is good, and a good popularization prospect is achieved.

The invention relates to a landscape ecological fish tank with wireless power supply, which includes a fish tank, a wireless power supply component, a landscaping support seat, an LED aquarium lamp, an electrolytic water aerator and an electric water wheel. The fish tank is a glass or transparent plastic fish tank with a cover , with air holes on the cover; the wireless power supply assembly includes a launch base and a receiver, the launch base is located outside the fish tank, and the receiver is located in the fish tank; the landscaping support seat is used to support the landscaping system in the fish tank, and the support is fixed or The led aquarium light, electrolytic water aerator and electric water wheel are fixed through the rockery support, and the upper layer of the landscaping support seat has a sponge body, which is used to assist in planting aquatic plants; the led aquarium light is a diving aquarium light or a floating water aquarium light; The led aquarium lamp, the electrolytic water aerator and the electric water wheel are electrically connected to the wireless power supply receiver through wires, and the above-mentioned electric components are all waterproofed; the invention adopts wireless power supply, which is safer, has low noise, and is conducive to viewing.

The invention discloses a sowing and grass-planting method for a terrene road surface. The sowing and grass-planting method comprises the following steps of: firstly, ploughing the terrene road surface, and after artificially smashing soil blocks, sowing grass seeds and fertilizer on the road surface according to a proportion; then raking soil by using a fence, so that the grass seeds are embedded in the soil at a depth of 1-3 cm; and finally, artificially stamping or mechanically pressing and punning, so that the grass-planting and road-maintaining process of the road surface is completed. According to the invention, the damage phenomenon of the road surface caused by precipitation erosion can be effectively eliminated and reduced; water loss and soil erosion can be prevented; the landscape ecology of the road surface can be enriched; the durability of the road surface is increased; furthermore, the maintenance cost is greatly reduced; and the sowing and grass-planting method has the advantages of being strong in practicability, simple for operation and obviously improved in application effect and is particularly applied to popularization and application on a mountainous road.

The invention relates to a landscape ecology-based city ecological culture planning method. Based on the accordance of landscape ecology and city ecological culture planning in the aspects of comprehensive integrity, macroscopic locality, attention to human subjects and the like, the landscape ecology theory is introduced into the city ecological culture planning. Starting from the integrity, a city ecological culture planning framework is constructed under the guidance of the matrix-patch-corridor theory in the landscape ecology and by establishing the corresponding relationship of ecological culture elements and the matrix-patch-corridor theory. The landscape ecology-based city ecological culture planning method realizes penetration, association and organization of the city ecological culture elements through the matrix-patch-corridor theory, can improve the systematicness of the city ecological culture planning, is suitable for constructing the city ecological culture planning framework, can effectively guide the city ecological culture planning.