33 results about "Plaque area" patented technology

The invention discloses a self-adaptive intervention type single-array-element photoacoustic endoscopic imaging near-field noise removal method based on a spatial domain and morphological characteristics. The method comprises the following steps that 1, original data of photoacoustic endoscopic imaging are obtained; step 2, adaptively generating a patch mask area; 3, preprocessing the image in a frequency domain; step 4, executing strip interference detection based on adaptive spatial domain filtering on the non-plaque region to obtain a spatial domain noise mask; step 5, screening strip-shaped noise areas; step 6, performing interpolation restoration on the noise area; 7, calculating the convergence degree and the noise level in the iteration process; and step 8, outputting a final result after polar coordinate transformation. The intrusive single-array-element photoacoustic endoscopic imaging method can effectively inhibit strip-shaped interference signals occurring in intrusive single-array-element photoacoustic endoscopic imaging and reduce the covering influence of background noise on target signals, so that the imaging quality of a near-end area is improved, and the structural definition and contrast ratio of overall imaging are remarkably optimized.

The invention discloses a solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof, and a photovoltaic module, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic, and is used for reducing the risk that the surface of a semiconductor substrate and a surface passivation layer are scratched, facilitating the improvement of the passivation effect of the surface passivation layer on the semiconductor substrate, and further facilitating the improvement of the conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The solar cell comprises a semiconductor substrate and a surface passivation layer. The semiconductor substrate includes a textured topography region. Suede structures are densely distributed in the suede morphology area. And the surface passivation layer is directly arranged on the suede morphology area. Wherein the suede morphology area comprises a non-plaque area and a plurality of plaque areas dispersed in the non-plaque area. In the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate, the height of the plaque region is smaller than that of the non-plaque region. The photovoltaic module comprises the solar cell. The manufacturing method of the solar cell is used for manufacturing the solar cell.

A medical image processing apparatus includes a catheter including a sensor and insertable into a blood vessel, a display, and a processor configured to: control the catheter to acquire tomographic images of the vessel, input the images into a model and acquire information indicating a condition of a part of the blood vessel, generate a histogram of a plaque area ratio in the vessel, acquire a length of a stent to be placed or a lesion to be treated, calculate a threshold for the ratio using the first histogram and the length, generate a graph indicating the ratio at each part of the blood vessel, and control the display to display the graph and the threshold in an overlapping manner.

The application discloses medical use of gelated cells loaded with sulfonated chitosan in treatment of atherosclerosis, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicine. The gelated cells loaded with sulfonated chitosan take macrophages as host cells, and intracellular cross-linking forms a photocrosslinking hydrogel network composed of methacrylated hyaluronic acid and sulfonated chitosan. The gelated cells completely retain cell membrane structure and membrane surface protein expression, lose the proliferation ability, and have excellent blood lipid selective adsorption capacity and foam cell lipid metabolism regulation capacity. In-vivo and in-vitro experiments prove that the gelated cells can significantly reduce blood lipid levels of atherosclerosis model animals, reduce aortic plaque area, and have good biological safety, thereby providing a new strategy and candidate drug for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, and having a good clinical application prospect.

The invention discloses an MKP7 targeted bionic nanoparticle preparation as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The MKP7 targeted bionic nanoparticle preparation is a bionic nanoparticle siMKP7 (at) NP-M-pHLIP, wherein the bionic nanoparticle siMKP7 (at) NP-M-pHLIP is coated with a macrophage membrane modified by pHLIP and is loaded with siMKP7. According to the preparation, a PLGA-PEI copolymer is used as a carrier core to wrap siMKP7, an outer layer is coated with a macrophage membrane, the surface of the membrane is modified with pHLIP targeting peptide, and spherical nanoparticles with bionic camouflage and pH sensitive targeting delivery functions are constructed. In-vitro experiments show that the nanoparticles can be effectively ingested by macrophages, and macrophage lipid deposition induced by ox-LDL is remarkably inhibited; in-vivo experiments prove that the preparation can be delivered to atherosclerotic plaque parts in a targeted manner, and by inhibiting expression of MKP7 in macrophages, the carotid plaque area is effectively reduced, the serum inflammatory factor level is reduced, and the blood lipid metabolism is regulated, so that development of atherosclerosis is inhibited, and the curative effect of atherosclerosis is improved. A high-efficiency and low-toxicity nucleic acid drug delivery system is provided for treatment of atherosclerosis.

The invention discloses a system and a method for dynamically identifying vulnerable plaques of an intravascular ultrasonic image. According to the system, plaque evolution information of continuous IVUS image frames is extracted by constructing a feature extraction module based on a space-time convolutional neural network; combining limited OCT annotation data through a transfer learning model; the blood flow wall shear force and the inflammatory marker IL-6 are fused in a plaque rupture risk prediction matrix, and a new mathematical calculation model is provided to predict the plaque risk. The system supports real-time analysis in an interventional operation and automatically marks a high-risk plaque area, and the vulnerable plaque detection sensitivity can reach 94% or above. The hardware architecture comprises an image acquisition unit, a deep learning calculation module and a labeling interaction module; the software architecture comprises a plaque recognition engine, a shear force calculation module, a biological data fusion interface and the like. The system has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate, high in real-time performance, high in accuracy and the like, and an efficient intraoperative plaque risk assessment tool is provided for interventional therapy.

The invention provides a preparation method of a compound SS-23 and application of the compound SS-23 in preparation of drugs for preventing and / or treating atherosclerosis, and belongs to the technical field of chemical drugs. The compound SS-23 is a compound as shown in a formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The phenolic acid glyceride compound SS-23 is separated and purified from rhizoma sparganii, and the compound can play a role in preventing and / or treating atherosclerosis by adjusting the blood fat level, reducing the plaque area and improving the vascular function. The compound SS-23 has remarkable potential in the aspect of preventing and / or treating atherosclerosis, provides a new treatment strategy for clinic, and has a good application prospect. Formula I.

The present application relates to the field of food, health care products and medicine, and specifically relates to a purslane oral composition for regulating blood lipid and resisting atherosclerosis, and a preparation method and application thereof. The present application takes purslane extract, galangal extract and borneol as core components, and realizes the synergistic effects of lipid regulation, anti-inflammation, reduction of plaque area, stabilization of vulnerable plaque, mild anti-thrombus and myocardial protection through scientific proportioning. The bioavailability is significantly improved by combining the tongue sublingual absorption of borneol and the mucosal penetration of galangal volatile oil. The composition has comprehensive targets, definite effects and good safety, and can be made into oral dosage forms such as buccal tablets, dripping pills and oral disintegrating tablets, and is suitable for daily oral care of cardiovascular sub-healthy people.

The application relates to the technical field of oral cavity equipment, and discloses a dental plaque quantitative analysis system, a method and a storage medium. The system comprises a dental plaque observation instrument and an upper computer. The dental plaque observation instrument is used for collecting a two-dimensional fluorescence image of teeth in an oral cavity area of a to-be-measured object. The upper computer is in communication connection with the dental plaque observation instrument. The upper computer is configured to: receive the two-dimensional fluorescence image of teeth sent by the dental plaque observation instrument; perform image segmentation and image depth estimation based on the two-dimensional fluorescence image of teeth, perform three-dimensional reconstruction, and obtain a three-dimensional tooth model containing a plaque area and a tooth area; then calculate the surface area of the plaque area and the surface area of the tooth area respectively, obtain an area ratio of the surface area of the plaque area to the surface area of the tooth area, and take the area ratio as a quantitative analysis result of dental plaque. The application can accurately calculate the area of the plaque area and realize high-precision quantitative detection of dental plaque.

This invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine technology, and discloses a kidney-tonifying and turbidity-resolving traditional Chinese medicine compound, its preparation method, and its anti-atherosclerotic application. The effective components of the kidney-tonifying and turbidity-resolving traditional Chinese medicine compound, by mass, consist of 15 parts Rehmannia glutinosa (processed), 15 parts Astragalus membranaceus (raw), 9 parts Cistanche deserticola, 10 parts Nelumbo nucifera (lotus leaf), 20 parts Gynostemma pentaphyllum, 12 parts Crataegus pinnatifida, and 6 parts Citrus reticulata (dried tangerine peel). The preparation method of the kidney-tonifying and turbidity-resolving traditional Chinese medicine compound is simple, without any additives, and has strong pharmacological compatibility. The anti-atherosclerotic application of the kidney-tonifying and turbidity-resolving traditional Chinese medicine compound includes: including observation cases, grouping, measuring the CIMT value and plaque area of ​​the included cases, data processing, and result analysis. This invention's kidney-tonifying and turbidity-resolving traditional Chinese medicine intervention can reduce the CIMT value and carotid plaque area in patients with atherosclerosis, and has a significant anti-atherosclerotic effect.

The invention relates to application of a reagent for improving MRG15 gene expression in preparation of a medicine for treating atherosclerosis, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicine. Based on the defects that no clear molecular marker for predicting the prognosis of the atherosclerotic patient exists at present and the existing anti-atherosclerotic medicine with the main purpose of lowering lipid cannot improve the prognosis of the patient, in order to improve the treatment effect and the prognosis of the atherosclerotic patient, follow-up visit and sample dyeing are performed on the patient, so that the prognosis of the atherosclerotic patient can be A new atherosclerosis related molecule, namely MRG15, is found, correlation between improvement of MRG15 gene expression and improvement of atherosclerosis is verified, and a new prognosis target is provided for fine management of atherosclerosis patients. In order to ensure the stability of the treatment effect, a specific agonist is screened, and an excellent anti-atherosclerosis effect is achieved. Through in-vivo verification, the plaque area is reduced by 60%-70% after the small molecule medicine litamilast is applied.

A method and apparatus for identifying a vulnerable coronary plaque based on a multimodal large language model (MM-LLM) are provided. The method includes: acquiring a target 3D coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) image and a target straightened curved planar reformation (SCPR) image; acquiring plaque mask information of a blood vessel based on the target SCPR image; acquiring basic plaque data based on the plaque mask information; acquiring fluid dynamics data of each plaque area based on the SCPR image; acquiring basic clinical testing information; standardizing above image data, structural data, and textual data separately, and performing, by a regression mapping network, feature fusion to acquire a first fusion feature; acquiring a trained vulnerable plaque identification LLM; and inputting the first fusion feature into the vulnerable plaque identification LLM to acquire an identification result. The method solve problems of poor single-image feature expression ability and low identification performance in traditional technologies.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine formula for preventing and treating body artery and blood vessel diseases, and relates to the technical field of pharmacy, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine formula for preventing and treating body artery and blood vessel diseases, the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw material medicines: 100g of radix puerariae, 100g of herba epimedii, 100g of herba leonuri, 50g of dioscorea panthaica, 50g of raw endothelium corneum gigeriae galli, 50g of fructus aurantii immaturus, 50g of rhizoma dioscoreae nipponicae, 50g of lumbricus and 50g of kapok leaves. Pharmacodynamic tests prove that compared with related traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions in the prior art, the traditional Chinese medicine composition can significantly reduce the intima-media thickness of blood vessels, reduce the area proportion of plaques, improve the blood vessel stenosis rate, and improve the curative effect. 0.05 in terms of prolonging thrombosis time, increasing microcirculation blood flow velocity, regulating blood lipid level (reducing total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), protecting vascular endothelial function (increasing the content of vascular endothelial relaxation factor NO and reducing endothelin ET level) and the like, and the pharmaceutical composition is superior to the prior art group (Plt: 0.05) in terms of prolonging thrombosis time, increasing microcirculation blood flow velocity, regulating blood lipid level (reducing total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).

The invention relates to the technical field of oral cavity equipment, and discloses a dental plaque quantitative analysis system and method and a storage medium, the system comprises a dental plaque observer and an upper computer, the dental plaque observer is used for collecting a tooth two-dimensional fluorescence image of an oral cavity area of a to-be-detected object, and the upper computer is in communication connection with the dental plaque observer; the upper computer is configured to receive a tooth two-dimensional fluorescence image sent by the dental plaque observer; carrying out image segmentation and image depth estimation based on the tooth two-dimensional fluorescence image, and carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction to obtain a tooth three-dimensional model containing a plaque area and a tooth area; and respectively calculating the surface area of the plaque area and the surface area of the tooth area, solving the area ratio of the surface area of the plaque area to the surface area of the tooth area, and taking the area ratio as a quantitative analysis result of the dental plaque. According to the method, the area of the plaque region can be accurately calculated, and high-precision quantitative detection of the dental plaque is realized.

This invention relates to the field of cardiovascular disease research technology, and particularly to the application of the NOD1 inhibitor ML130 in hypoxia-induced macrophage polarization, including the use of ML130 in the preparation of drugs that regulate hypoxia-induced macrophage polarization. These drugs inhibit the NOD1 / RIP2 signaling axis and can be used to intervene in the formation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. This invention creatively combines the NOD1 inhibitor ML130 with the hypoxic microenvironment of atherosclerotic plaques, specifically inhibiting the NOD1 / RIP2 signaling pathway and directly regulating macrophage polarization balance; reducing the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cells in unstable plaque areas, inhibiting foam cell formation and necrotic core expansion, significantly improving plaque stability, and reducing the risk of serious cardiovascular events such as acute coronary syndrome; it clarifies that ML130 exerts its effect by blocking the NOD1 / RIP2-NF-κB / MAPK signaling axis, exhibiting high target specificity and avoiding the side effects of broad-spectrum inhibition by traditional anti-inflammatory drugs.

The invention provides a grey matter leopard spot dolomite porosity determination method and a dessert reservoir prediction method. The porosity determination method comprises the following steps: drilling a dolomite plaque area plunger sample with a preset size; performing CT scanning on the plunger sample according to a preset rule to obtain the area of each scanned layer of pores and the area of a dolomite plaque area; utilizing the area of each layer of pores and the area of the dolomite plaque area to obtain the surface porosity of each layer of dolomite plaque area, and obtaining the total porosity of the dolomite plaque area of the plunger sample; calculating the content of dolomite minerals at the corresponding depth position under the well by using a preset first formula in combination with the obtained logging curve data of the plunger sample; and reversely calculating the porosity of the rock core by utilizing the content of the dolomite at the corresponding underground position and the total porosity of the dolomite plaque area in combination with a preset second formula. The porosity value closer to the real porosity can be obtained, and the situation that different porosity values are obtained due to different sampling positions can be avoided.

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture medicines, and particularly discloses application of rhizoma osmundae in preparation of a medicine for preventing and treating grass carp reovirus (GCRV) infection. The toxicity experiment of Osmunda japonica to grass carp kidney cells (CIK) shows that the maximum non-toxic concentration of the Osmunda japonica aqueous extract to the CIK cells is 1000 [mu] g / mL, after 600-1000 [mu] g / mL of the Osmunda japonica aqueous extract and GCRV are co-incubated for 2 h, the CIK cells are infected, and the formed plaque area is significantly lower than that of a control group, that is, under the cell non-toxic concentration, the Osmunda japonica aqueous extract can significantly kill the GCRV. Therefore, the rhizoma osmundae can be used as a fishery medicine for preventing and treating GCRV infection of aquaculture animals.

The application discloses a preparation for treating atherosclerosis based on negative hydrogen ions combined with stem cells and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biomedical engineering, and comprises a stem cell dispersion liquid, a negative hydrogen ion solution and a carrier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparation of the stem cell dispersion liquid; S2, preparation of the negative hydrogen ion solution by using a photon energy cleavage technology; S3, preparation of the carrier; S4, preparation of a pre-injection injection; and S5, preparation of the injection. The application uses the negative hydrogen ion combined with the stem cell preparation and constructs the carrier for stably and targetedly delivering the negative hydrogen ions and the stem cells, reduces in-vivo oxidative stress, effectively eliminates inflammatory reactions caused by atherosclerosis, continuously reduces a plaque area, and solves the problem that in the prior art, due to the difficulty in maintaining the stability of the negative hydrogen ions and the stem cells in the delivery process, the negative hydrogen ions and the stem cells cannot be used for synergistically treating atherosclerosis. The application has the potential to be applied to the preparation of a drug for treating atherosclerosis.

The invention belongs to the technical field of basic medicine scientific research, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly constructing a mouse atherosclerosis model by using sorafenib. According to the method, the original molding period of 12 weeks or longer is shortened to 8 weeks, and the problem of long molding time is successfully solved; in addition, the atherosclerosis mouse model constructed by the method has a very remarkable atherosclerosis effect (the blood fat levels TC, TG and HDL-C are higher); the atherosclerotic aorta plaque area is larger, the blood vessel stenosis is more serious, and foam cells in the aortic valve are increased.

The present application relates to a kind of intravascular ultrasound cruise positioning device, the device has image acquisition module, plaque load marking module, image segmentation module, dynamic change calculation module, plaque marking module, plaque positioning module and retreat position confirmation module, wherein, image acquisition module can obtain the IVUS image of one sequence in blood vessel based on IVUS system, plaque load marking module can judge and mark the frame possibly existing plaque, and calculate the interval length where plaque is located in sequence, image segmentation module, dynamic change calculation module, plaque marking module can further exist plaque whether still further exist plaque in the two ends of the foregoing plaque area, to review the length of plaque and its position in IVUS image sequence, plaque positioning module finally locates the position of the two ends of plaque, and by retreat position confirmation module, the start point and end point of OCT system retreat are determined, by the present application, the precise retreat of OCT system can be realized, and the amount of contrast agent is reduced.

The application belongs to the field of biological medicine research and development, and particularly relates to application of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived vascular endothelial precursor cells in preparation of medicines for preventing and treating atherosclerosis. By interfering with expression of related factors in a pyroptosis inflammatory signaling pathway of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18 at a transcription and protein level, the serum triglyceride concentration, total cholesterol concentration and low-density lipoprotein concentration can be reduced, the serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein and oxygen free radical concentration can be reduced, the serum high-density lipoprotein concentration can be increased, and the atherosclerotic plaque area can be reduced and cell apoptosis in the atheromatous plaque can be inhibited.

The present application relates to the technical field of biological medicine, in particular to the application of chrysophanol in the preparation of atherosclerosis treatment drugs, and provides the application of chrysophanol in the preparation of atherosclerosis treatment drugs, and proves that chrysophanol intervention can significantly reduce the carotid plaque area, reduce the lipid deposition in the carotid wall and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors and ENDMT markers induced by LOSS.

The invention provides application of cyasterone in preparation of a medicine for preventing and / or treating atherosclerosis, and belongs to the technical field of chemical medicines. The research finds that the cyasterone can play a role in preventing and treating atherosclerosis by adjusting the blood fat level, reducing the plaque area and improving the blood vessel function. The cyasterone has remarkable potential in the aspect of preventing and treating atherosclerosis, provides a new treatment strategy for clinic, and has a good application prospect.

The application provides application of urine-derived stem cell exosomes in preparation of medicines for preventing and treating atherosclerosis, and belongs to the technical field of medicines. The application first finds that the urine-derived stem cell exosomes can improve lipid metabolism, reduce atherosclerotic plaque area and reduce lipid deposition in the liver to play a role in preventing and treating atherosclerosis and fatty liver, and provides a new strategy for preventing and treating atherosclerosis and / or fatty liver.

The application provides a preparation method of a compound SS-23 and an application of the compound SS-23 in preparing medicines for preventing and / or treating atherosclerosis, and belongs to the technical field of chemical medicines. The compound SS-23 is a compound shown in formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The phenolic acid glyceride compound SS-23 is obtained by separation and purification from Sparganium stoloniferum Buch. The compound can play a role in preventing and / or treating atherosclerosis by regulating blood lipid levels, reducing plaque area and improving blood vessel function. The compound SS-23 has significant potential in preventing and / or treating atherosclerosis, provides a new treatment strategy for clinic, and has a good application prospect. Formula I.

This invention discloses a multi-source information-guided adaptive ultrasound sensing system and control method, specifically relating to the field of ultrasound imaging technology in medical imaging. It includes a reconfigurable origami sensing module, a multi-degree-of-freedom driving module, a parameter control module, a multi-source information storage and retrieval module, and a compressed sensing image reconstruction module. A rapid reconnaissance scan is performed using a default origami mode and a sparse folding state sequence to generate preliminary reconstructed images. The system extracts the location, size, and morphological features of the vessel wall boundary and suspected plaque areas. It also retrieves historical high-resolution images of the target individual, historical optimal control parameters for the target individual, and a database of historical optimal parameters for multiple individuals to determine the origami mode number, non-uniform folding state sequence, folding angle sequence, and driving voltage sequence. Based on this, the multi-degree-of-freedom driving module performs a fine target scan, and the compressed sensing image reconstruction module generates images of the target region, solving the problem that fixed spatial coding paths are difficult to adapt to the individualized spatial distribution of carotid artery plaques.

A method for predicting fractional flow reserve on the basis of machine learning is disclosed. The disclosed method for predicting fractional flow reserve comprises the steps of: receiving a class of a target cardiac blood vessel and a feature value for the target cardiac blood vessel extracted from an optical coherence tomography (OCT) image of a lumen of the target cardiac blood vessel; and predicting an FFR value for the target cardiac blood vessel using at least one pretrained predictive model, the class of the target cardiac blood vessel, and the feature value, wherein the feature value includes at least one of a proximal lumen area (PLA) value, a minimal lumen area (MLA) value, a percent area stenosis value, a distal lumen area (DLA) value, a lesion length value, a rupture presence / absence value, a plaque area value, and a lipid rich value.

The invention discloses an application of a composition in preparation of a synergist of a medicine for treating atherosclerosis, the composition can effectively enhance the treatment effect of the medicine for treating atherosclerosis through reasonable compatibility of all components, improve the effect of the medicine for treating atherosclerosis in multiple aspects, block the progress of the disease course, reduce the treatment cost and improve the treatment effect of the medicine for treating atherosclerosis. Comprising the following steps: improving indexes such as aorta plaque area, vasomotor inner diameter difference, intima-media thickness, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol content, homocysteine content in blood and the like in atherosclerosis, and reducing the dosage of medicines for treating atherosclerosis; the prescription is safe and reliable without toxic and side effects on human bodies.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to application of deaminotyrosine in preparation of medicines for preventing and treating atherosclerosis. In-vivo and in-vitro experiments show that the deaminated tyrosine can effectively inhibit foaming of macrophages, relieve vascular inflammation, remarkably reduce the atherosclerotic plaque area of ApoE- / -mice, reduce the atherosclerotic plaque area of ApoE- / -mice, and improve the Therefore, the invention provides a new application of the deaminated tyrosine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, solvates or prodrugs thereof in preparation of drugs for treating or preventing atherosclerosis, and provides a scientific basis and a core technology for development of the deaminated tyrosine as a brand-new, multi-target and high-safety anti-atherosclerosis drug.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines and disease treatment, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating atherosclerosis and a preparation method and application thereof. The composition is prepared by taking rhizoma pinellinae praeparata, rhizoma coptidis, pericarpium trichosanthis, radix angelicae sinensis, rhizoma chuanxiong, ground beeltle, radix salviae miltiorrhizae and radix ginseng as raw medicinal materials and adding sucralose and maltodextrin. Wherein berberine and palmatine in coptis chinensis are core active components, and play a role in regulating blood fat, inhibiting inflammation and blocking foam cell formation. Researches show that the particles can significantly reduce the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of model animals, increase the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, reduce the aortic plaque area and inhibit RAW264.7 cell foaming, the curative effect is equivalent to that of simvastatin, and a new choice is provided for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.