The invention discloses a device and method for monitoring the evolution and distribution of a mining-induced fracture. Generation, evolution and distribution of the mining-induced fracture are monitored through a method of monitoring
acoustic wave or vibration generated in fracture of
coal or rock. The device mainly comprises an anti-explosion
acoustic wave monitor, an anti-explosion power source and a ground monitoring
analysis center, wherein the anti-explosion
acoustic wave monitor consists of a sonic sensor and a
signal conversion and
data acquisition instrument; the sonic sensor is arranged on a roadway base plate, an anchor rod
tail end or a
drill hole; and an acoustic wave or vibration
signal monitored by the sonic sensor is collected and processed by the
signal conversion and data collection instrument, and is transmitted to the ground monitoring
analysis center through an
optical fiber port to be subjected to
processing, positioning and quantitative analyzing and be labeled on a plane, a cross section or a space diagram according to the position and size, so as to show the position and size of the fracture. The device and method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects of large monitoring range, a large amount of comprehensive monitoring information, high
automation degree, strong instantaneity and capability of being applied to monitoring and forecastingthe
coal rock dynamic disasters, such as
rock burst, and outburst and water burst of
coal and gas and the like.