Multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system for transformer substation

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system which is based on an intelligent transformer substation internet of things management and control platform, a central control module is arranged in the management and control platform, and the management and control platform comprises an intelligent power monitoring system, a linkage control system and a digital twinborn simulation engine. The intelligent power monitoring system comprises a multi-parameter sensing terminal group, an edge computing node and a cloud analysis center which are arranged in a transformer substation target area, wherein the multi-parameter sensing terminal group collects electrical parameters, environmental parameters and equipment state parameters in real time; the linkage control system comprises an instruction analysis module, a multi-stage execution mechanism and a feedback verification circuit. The linkage control system receives an early warning signal of the intelligent power monitoring system through the Internet of Things management and control platform, and drives the multi-stage execution mechanism to execute a preset linkage strategy. The transformer substation intelligent management and control system integrates multi-parameter real-time monitoring, dynamic fault early warning, digital twin simulation and hierarchical linkage control, and is suitable for unmanned operation and maintenance of an intelligent transformer substation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system automation, and in particular to a multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system for a transformer substation. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the main structures of domestic substations are mostly cast-in-place reinforced concrete. Cast-in-place structures require numerous construction steps and demand high traditional process conditions. In first-tier cities, substation construction faces challenges such as difficult land acquisition, limited land availability, short construction periods, and high environmental requirements. Furthermore, substations also suffer from low integration levels of intelligent primary equipment and low overall assembly levels. With the development and expansion of power infrastructure, the number of substations of various types has steadily increased. Intelligent substations are an upgrade and development of digital substations. Building on digital substations and in line with the needs of smart grids, they enhance substation automation technology to achieve intelligent substation functionality. The design and construction of intelligent substations must be conducted within the context of smart grids. Current intelligent substations can only achieve simple automation and are not applicable to more complex scenarios.

[0003] Traditional substation operation and maintenance suffers from high reliance on manpower, difficulty controlling safety hazards, extensive equipment management, and isolated and decentralized systems. Current substation monitoring systems also suffer from several flaws and shortcomings: For example, electrical, mechanical, and environmental variables are monitored independently, making correlation and analysis impossible. Even where linkage mechanisms exist, these systems lack safety verification. Response lags also exist, with the average time from fault identification to manual resolution exceeding 15 minutes, which can easily lead to escalating incidents. Furthermore, traditional fixed-value verification cycles are long and unable to dynamically adapt to changes in the operating environment (e.g., temperature drift causing zero drift to exceed specified limits). Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems solved In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention adopts an intelligent substation management and control system that integrates multi-parameter real-time monitoring, dynamic fault warning, digital twin simulation and hierarchical linkage control, which is suitable for unmanned operation and maintenance of smart substations.

[0005] Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system for substations, based on a smart substation IoT management and control platform, wherein the management and control platform has a central control module and includes an intelligent power monitoring system, a linkage control system, and a digital twin simulation engine; The intelligent power monitoring system includes a multi-parameter sensing terminal group, an edge computing node and a cloud analysis center arranged in the target area of ​​the substation. The multi-parameter sensing terminal group collects electrical parameters, environmental parameters and equipment status parameters in real time; The multi-parameter sensing terminal group includes a current measurement circuit, a voltage measurement circuit, a transfer switch, a transformer, a high-voltage isolation control circuit, an isolation switch, a circuit breaker, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an analog-to-digital converter, a dehumidification adjustment module, a dehumidifier, a temperature adjustment module and a radiator; The linkage control system includes an instruction parsing module, a multi-stage execution mechanism and a feedback verification circuit; The linkage control system receives early warning signals from the intelligent power monitoring system through the Internet of Things management and control platform, and drives the multi-level execution agencies to execute the preset linkage strategy.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the intelligent power monitoring system adopts a three-layer architecture, including: Data collection layer: Deploy a composite sensor array to collect data such as rated voltage, short-circuit impedance, phase difference between connection groups, insulator contamination, SF6 gas concentration, and transformer oil temperature gradient; Data transmission layer: uses dual redundant channels of industrial optical fiber ring network and 5G-U slicing network, with built-in message encryption and CRC check modules; System management layer: includes real-time database, dynamic warning engine, equipment health assessment model, 3D visual human-machine interface and automatic test circuit module for protection equipment.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the protection device automatic test circuit module includes a parameter decomposition layer, a warning value mining system and a parameter judgment layer, and its workflow is as follows: a) The parameter decomposition layer receives the original data of the field equipment under test and decomposes and outputs: equipment model, rated parameters, protection settings, measured switching parameters, action parameters and simulated zero drift performance parameters; b) The warning value mining system inputs the output data of the parameter decomposition layer and mines warning parameter values ​​based on a dynamic threshold algorithm. The warning parameter values ​​include: switch jitter tolerance, action time deviation threshold, and zero drift exceeding critical value; c) The parameter judgment layer combines the warning parameter value to determine whether the measured switch quantity parameters, action quantity parameters or simulated zero drift performance parameters are abnormal. If abnormal, the linkage control system is triggered.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the abnormality determination rule of the parameter judgment layer is: Abnormal switch determination: When the number of switch contact jitters exceeds the tolerance value given by the warning value mining system (such as 10 times / minute) and lasts for more than 100 milliseconds, it is determined to be a contact welding fault; Abnormal operation determination: If the actual operation time of the protection device exceeds the warning threshold (for example, if the set operation time is 20ms and the warning threshold is 25ms), or the operation current is lower than 85% of the set value, it is determined to be a risk of refusal / malfunction; Zero drift exceeding the limit judgment: When it is detected that the zero drift voltage value of the device exceeds the critical value (such as ±5mV) for 30% of the time, the automatic calibration process is triggered.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the multi-level actuator of the linkage control system includes: First-level execution unit: circuit breaker fast trip controller, used to handle switch welding faults and force power off within 40 milliseconds; Secondary execution unit: protection device switching module, used to respond to abnormal operation quantity and activate the backup protection circuit within 100 milliseconds; The third-level execution unit: the zero drift automatic calibrator injects a calibration voltage signal into the device to deal with the zero drift exceeding the standard fault.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the linkage mode between the parameter judgment and the execution mechanism is: When it is determined that the switch contacts are welded: the first-level execution unit disconnects the fault circuit breaker and simultaneously disconnects the upstream disconnector to form double isolation; When the risk of protection refusal is detected: the secondary execution unit switches to the backup protection device, the original protection circuit is automatically locked and the fault code is uploaded; When the zero drift continues to exceed the standard, the three-stage execution unit performs a three-step calibration, including: Step 1, injecting a +10V reference voltage and recording the output value A; Step 2, injecting a -10V reference voltage and recording the output value B; Step 3, calculating the compensation value = (A+B) / 2 and writing it into the device register.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the collaborative working mechanism of the smart substation IoT management and control platform includes: S1, the intelligent power monitoring system collects data in real time through a multi-parameter sensing terminal group; S2: Edge computing nodes pre-screen abnormal data, and the cloud analysis center generates an early warning code; S3. After the linkage control system receives the warning code, the instruction parsing module matches the preset strategy library and drives the multi-level actuators to perform the operation. At the same time, the feedback verification circuit verifies the effectiveness of the action. S4. Before the linkage instruction is actually issued, the digital twin simulation engine loads the current substation parameters, including rated capacity, load rate, and protection level status; it simulates the changes in equipment status after executing the linkage strategy: if the predicted insulation temperature rise is greater than the safety threshold, the instruction is frozen and the optimization plan is output; if the predicted voltage fluctuation is ≤5%Un, the instruction is authorized for execution.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the working method of the digital twin simulation engine is: input the real-time parameters of the intelligent power monitoring system: rated capacity, short-circuit impedance, insulation level; output a three-dimensional dynamic model to simulate the changes in equipment status after executing the linkage strategy; if the protection level in the simulation result drops below IP54, the actual linkage instruction is prohibited from being issued.

[0013] (3) Beneficial effects Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system for substations, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The system of the present invention is based on the smart substation IoT management and control platform, and integrates an intelligent power monitoring system, a linkage control system, and a digital twin simulation engine. The monitoring system collects electrical parameters, environmental parameters, and equipment status in real time through a composite sensor array, and generates an early warning code by the cloud analysis center after edge computing preprocessing. The linkage control system of the present invention parses the early warning code to drive the three-level actuator, and previews the consequences of the strategy through the digital twin engine to ensure operational safety. The system breaks through the bottleneck of traditional monitoring fragmentation, achieves a rapid response to faults at the 200ms level, and further improves the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system module of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the warning value mining system and the linkage closed loop of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Example 1 refer to Figure 1-2 The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system of the substation of the present invention is based on the smart substation Internet of Things management and control platform. The management and control platform has a central control module and includes an intelligent power monitoring system, a linkage control system and a digital twin simulation engine. The intelligent power monitoring system includes a multi-parameter sensing terminal group, edge computing nodes and a cloud analysis center deployed in the target area of ​​the substation. The multi-parameter sensing terminal group collects electrical parameters, environmental parameters and equipment status parameters in real time; The multi-parameter sensing terminal group includes a current measurement circuit, a voltage measurement circuit, a transfer switch, a transformer, a high-voltage isolation control circuit, an isolation switch, a circuit breaker, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an analog-to-digital converter, a dehumidification adjustment module, a dehumidifier, a temperature adjustment module and a radiator.

[0017] Specifically, the current measurement circuit of this embodiment collects the current signal in the substation and transmits it to the central control module; the voltage measurement circuit collects the voltage signal in the substation and transmits it to the central control module; the central control module determines the current signal and voltage signal, and controls the transfer switch, high-voltage isolation control circuit and circuit breaker according to the determination results; wherein, the transfer switch controls the transformer, and the high-voltage isolation control circuit controls the isolation switch; the temperature sensor collects the temperature signal in the substation, which is converted into a digital temperature signal by the analog-to-digital converter and then transmitted to the central control module. The central control module controls the temperature adjustment module to adjust the radiator according to the digital temperature signal. At the same time, the multi-parameter perception terminal group of this system also includes a camera module (to capture the scenes inside and outside the substation and transmit video signals to the central control module), a wireless module (a remote terminal for realizing information interaction with the central control module), etc.

[0018] Furthermore, the linkage control system of the present invention includes an instruction parsing module, a multi-stage execution mechanism and a feedback verification circuit; The linkage control system receives early warning signals from the intelligent power monitoring system through the Internet of Things management and control platform, and drives multi-level actuators to execute preset linkage strategies.

[0019] Specifically, this embodiment specifically describes an intelligent power monitoring system that implements a closed loop of data collection, transmission, and analysis. The intelligent power monitoring system adopts a three-layer architecture, including: Data collection layer: Deploy a composite sensor array to collect data such as rated voltage, short-circuit impedance, phase difference between connection groups, insulator contamination, SF6 gas concentration, and transformer oil temperature gradient; Data transmission layer: uses dual redundant channels of industrial optical fiber ring network and 5G-U slicing network, with built-in message encryption and CRC check modules; System management layer: includes real-time database, dynamic warning engine, equipment health assessment model, 3D visual human-machine interface and automatic test circuit module for protection equipment.

[0020] The composite sensor array includes an electrical parameter group, which is equipped with current measurement circuits and voltage measurement circuits; an environmental parameter group, including a laser SF6 monitor, a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, etc.; and an equipment status group, including a vibration sensor (to monitor the mechanical properties of the circuit breaker), an oil chromatograph online analyzer (to detect H2 / C2H2 gas), and an analog-to-digital converter.

[0021] The collected data is transmitted through a dual-network redundant architecture for remote communication, enabling remote monitoring and timely handling of accidents. During data transmission and processing, a dynamic warning engine is loaded at the system management level. It includes the following inputs: short-circuit impedance change rate dZ / dt, and C2 and H2 concentrations in the oil; processing: LSTM model predicts the probability of failure within 48 hours; and output: three-level warning codes (Level 1: Observation, Level 2: Warning, Level 3: Emergency).

[0022] In order to ensure the safer operation of the system, a protection device automatic test circuit module is added to the system management layer. The protection device automatic test circuit module includes a parameter decomposition layer, an alarm value mining system, and a parameter judgment layer. Its workflow is as follows: a) The parameter decomposition layer receives the original data of the field equipment under test and decomposes and outputs: equipment model, rated parameters, protection settings, measured switching parameters, action parameters and simulated zero drift performance parameters; b) Alarm value mining: The system inputs the output data of the parameter decomposition layer and mines the alarm parameter values ​​based on the dynamic threshold algorithm. The alarm parameter values ​​include: switch jitter tolerance, action time deviation threshold, and zero drift exceeding critical value; c) The parameter judgment layer combines the warning parameter value to determine whether the measured switch quantity parameters, action quantity parameters or simulated zero drift performance parameters are abnormal. If abnormal, the linkage control system is triggered.

[0023] Among them, the abnormality judgment rules of the parameter judgment layer are: Abnormal switch determination: When the number of switch contact jitters exceeds the tolerance value given by the warning value mining system (such as 10 times / minute) and lasts for more than 100 milliseconds, it is determined to be a contact welding fault; Abnormal operation determination: If the actual operation time of the protection device exceeds the warning threshold (for example, if the set operation time is 20ms and the warning threshold is 25ms), or the operation current is lower than 85% of the set value, it is determined to be a risk of refusal / malfunction; Zero drift exceeding the limit judgment: When it is detected that the zero drift voltage value of the device exceeds the critical value (such as ±5mV) for 30% of the time, the automatic calibration process is triggered.

[0024] Example 2 The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system of the substation of the present invention adopts a linkage control system, which receives early warning signals from the intelligent power monitoring system through the Internet of Things management and control platform, and drives multi-level execution agencies to execute preset linkage strategies.

[0025] Specifically, the multi-level actuators of the linkage control system of this embodiment include: First-level execution unit: circuit breaker fast trip controller, used to handle switch welding faults and force power off within 40 milliseconds; Secondary execution unit: protection device switching module, used to respond to abnormal operation quantity and activate the backup protection circuit within 100 milliseconds; The third-level execution unit: the zero drift automatic calibrator injects a calibration voltage signal into the device to deal with the zero drift exceeding the standard fault.

[0026] The linkage mode between its execution mechanism and the parameter judgment in Example 1 is as follows: 1. When it is determined that the switch contacts are welded: the first-level execution unit disconnects the fault circuit breaker and simultaneously disconnects the upstream disconnector to form double isolation; 2. When the risk of protection refusal is detected: the secondary execution unit switches to the backup protection device, the original protection circuit is automatically locked and the fault code is uploaded; 3. When the zero drift continues to exceed the standard: the three-level execution unit performs a three-step calibration, including: Step 1, injecting a +10V reference voltage and recording the output value A; Step 2, injecting a -10V reference voltage and recording the output value B; Step 3, calculating the compensation value = (A+B) / 2 and writing it into the device register.

[0027] Specifically, after receiving the early warning code, the instruction parsing module matches the preset strategy library, drives the multi-level actuator to perform the operation, and at the same time, the feedback verification circuit verifies the effectiveness of the action.

[0028] Example 3 The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system of the substation of the present invention adopts a digital twin simulation engine, and its working method is as follows: Step 1: Input the real-time parameters of the intelligent power monitoring system: rated capacity, short-circuit impedance, and insulation level; Step 2: Output a three-dimensional dynamic model to simulate the device status changes after executing the linkage strategy; Step 3: If the protection level in the simulation result drops below IP54, the actual linkage command is prohibited from being issued.

[0029] Specifically, the model construction imports the substation BIM model and binds real-time parameters: rated capacity, short-circuit impedance, and insulation level. Before the linkage instruction is actually issued, the current substation parameters are loaded, including rated capacity, load rate, and protection level status; then the equipment status changes after the linkage strategy is executed are simulated. If the predicted insulation temperature rise is greater than the safety threshold, the instruction is frozen and the optimization plan is output; if the predicted voltage fluctuation is ≤5%Un, the instruction is authorized to be executed.

[0030] Furthermore, the collaborative working mechanism of the smart substation IoT management and control platform of the present invention includes: S1, the intelligent power monitoring system collects data in real time through a multi-parameter sensing terminal group; S2: Edge computing nodes pre-screen abnormal data, and the cloud analysis center generates an early warning code; S3. After the linkage control system receives the warning code, the instruction parsing module matches the preset strategy library and drives the multi-level actuators to perform the operation. At the same time, the feedback verification circuit verifies the effectiveness of the action. S4. Before the linkage instruction is actually issued, the digital twin simulation engine loads the current substation parameters, including rated capacity, load rate, and protection level status; it simulates the changes in equipment status after executing the linkage strategy: if the predicted insulation temperature rise is greater than the safety threshold, the instruction is frozen and the optimization plan is output; if the predicted voltage fluctuation is ≤5%Un, the instruction is authorized for execution.

[0031] The system of the present invention takes only 40ms from fault determination to tripping, which further improves work efficiency compared to traditional manual operation. The use of three-level execution unit online calibration further reduces the false tripping rate of the protection device, making it suitable for unmanned operation and maintenance of 110kV-1000kV smart substations. It will be understood that the present invention is described by way of some embodiments, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are intended to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. The substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system is based on the smart substation IoT management and control platform, which is characterized by: The control platform is equipped with a central control module, and includes an intelligent power monitoring system, a linkage control system and a digital twin simulation engine; The intelligent power monitoring system includes a multi-parameter sensing terminal group, an edge computing node and a cloud analysis center arranged in the target area of ​​the substation. The multi-parameter sensing terminal group collects electrical parameters, environmental parameters and equipment status parameters in real time; The multi-parameter sensing terminal group includes a current measurement circuit, a voltage measurement circuit, a transfer switch, a transformer, a high-voltage isolation control circuit, an isolation switch, a circuit breaker, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an analog-to-digital converter, a dehumidification adjustment module, a dehumidifier, a temperature adjustment module and a radiator; The linkage control system includes an instruction parsing module, a multi-stage execution mechanism and a feedback verification circuit; The linkage control system receives early warning signals from the intelligent power monitoring system through the Internet of Things management and control platform, and drives the multi-level execution agencies to execute the preset linkage strategy.

2. The substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intelligent power monitoring system adopts a three-layer architecture, including: Data collection layer: Deploy a composite sensor array to collect data such as rated voltage, short-circuit impedance, phase difference between connection groups, insulator contamination, SF6 gas concentration, and transformer oil temperature gradient; Data transmission layer: uses dual redundant channels of industrial optical fiber ring network and 5G-U slicing network, with built-in message encryption and CRC check modules; System management layer: includes real-time database, dynamic warning engine, equipment health assessment model, 3D visual human-machine interface and automatic test circuit module for protection equipment.

3. The substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The protection device automatic test circuit module includes a parameter decomposition layer, a warning value mining system, and a parameter judgment layer. Its workflow is as follows: a) The parameter decomposition layer receives the original data of the field equipment under test and decomposes and outputs: equipment model, rated parameters, protection settings, measured switching parameters, action parameters and simulated zero drift performance parameters; b) The warning value mining system inputs the output data of the parameter decomposition layer and mines warning parameter values ​​based on a dynamic threshold algorithm. The warning parameter values ​​include: switch jitter tolerance, action time deviation threshold, and zero drift exceeding critical value; c) The parameter judgment layer combines the warning parameter value to determine whether the measured switch quantity parameters, action quantity parameters or simulated zero drift performance parameters are abnormal. If abnormal, the linkage control system is triggered.

4. The substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The abnormality judgment rules of the parameter judgment layer are: Abnormal switch determination: When the number of switch contact jitters exceeds the tolerance value given by the warning value mining system (such as 10 times / minute) and lasts for more than 100 milliseconds, it is determined to be a contact welding fault; Abnormal operation determination: If the actual operation time of the protection device exceeds the warning threshold (for example, if the set operation time is 20ms and the warning threshold is 25ms), or the operation current is lower than 85% of the set value, it is determined to be a risk of refusal / malfunction; Zero drift exceeding the limit judgment: When it is detected that the zero drift voltage value of the device exceeds the critical value (such as ±5mV) for 30% of the time, the automatic calibration process is triggered.

5. The substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-stage actuator of the linkage control system includes: First-level execution unit: circuit breaker fast trip controller, used to handle switch welding faults and force power off within 40 milliseconds; Secondary execution unit: protection device switching module, used to respond to abnormal operation quantity and activate the backup protection circuit within 100 milliseconds; The third-level execution unit: the zero drift automatic calibrator injects a calibration voltage signal into the device to deal with the zero drift exceeding the standard fault.

6. The substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The linkage mode between the parameter judgment and the actuator is as follows: When it is determined that the switch contacts are welded: the first-level execution unit disconnects the fault circuit breaker and simultaneously disconnects the upstream disconnector to form double isolation; When the risk of protection refusal is detected: the secondary execution unit switches to the backup protection device, the original protection circuit is automatically locked and the fault code is uploaded; When the zero drift continues to exceed the standard, the three-stage execution unit performs a three-step calibration, including: Step 1, injecting a +10V reference voltage and recording the output value A; Step 2, injecting a -10V reference voltage and recording the output value B; Step 3, calculating the compensation value = (A+B) / 2 and writing it into the device register.

7. The substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that ,The collaborative working mechanism of the smart substation IoT management and control platform includes: S1, the intelligent power monitoring system collects data in real time through a multi-parameter sensing terminal group; S2: Edge computing nodes pre-screen abnormal data, and the cloud analysis center generates an early warning code; S3. After the linkage control system receives the warning code, the instruction parsing module matches the preset strategy library and drives the multi-level actuators to perform the operation. At the same time, the feedback verification circuit verifies the effectiveness of the action. S4. Before the linkage instruction is actually issued, the digital twin simulation engine loads the current substation parameters, including rated capacity, load rate, and protection level status; it simulates the changes in equipment status after executing the linkage strategy: if the predicted insulation temperature rise is greater than the safety threshold, the instruction is frozen and the optimization plan is output; if the predicted voltage fluctuation is ≤5%Un, the instruction is authorized for execution.

8. The substation multi-parameter intelligent monitoring and linkage control system according to claim 7 is characterized in that ,The working method of the digital twin simulation engine is as follows: ,the real-time parameters of the intelligent power monitoring ,system are input: rated capacity, short-circuit impedance, and insulation level; Output a three-dimensional dynamic model to simulate the changes in device status after executing the linkage strategy; if the protection level in the simulation result drops below IP54, the actual linkage command is prohibited from being issued.

Images