290 results about "Pollution index" patented technology

The invention discloses an atmospheric pollution data acquisition method for an industrial park based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The atmospheric pollution data acquisition method comprises the following steps: performing grid distribution on zones to be tested and pollution sources; setting that the influence of the pollution sources on the adjacent zones is inversely proportional to a distance, and considering the importance of the pollution sources and the influence of seasonal wind directions; calculating the relative pollution index of each of the pollution sources to each grid unit, and further dividing the zones to be tested into a plurality of pollution gathering zones; making a cruise plan of the unmanned aerial vehicle for each pollution zone, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle carries a portable detector, and automatically cruises from the leeward boundary of the flight area to the upper boundary in an S-shaped trace; enabling the acquired pollutant data to perform association in time with the GPS positioning data of the unmanned aerial vehicle; matching the pollutant monitoring data with a grid vector map of the zone to be tested; taking the average value of all pollutant sample data in each unit grid as the final value of the unit grid. Through the adoption of the atmospheric pollution data acquisition method disclosed by the invention, the data acquisition is more optimal and scientific, and convenient for environment management and decision making.

The invention discloses a comprehensive evaluation method for environmental air quality. The comprehensive evaluation method mainly comprises the following steps: calculating ratios (pollution indexes) of the concentrations of various pollutants to corresponding first-grade concentration limit values in an environmental air quality standard, and with ratios of the pollution indexes to a sum of the pollution indexes as a weight, amplifying a sum of products of the pollution indexes and the weight by 100 times to obtain a new air quality index (NAQI for short). A calculation method the NAQI is as follows: formulas are as shown in the specification. According to the method, in consideration of the comprehensive influence of various pollutants, based on a first-grade air quality standard, the air quality is evaluated according to the dynamic weight. Compared with the prior art, the method is more scientific and accurate, and is simpler and more convenient to calculate.

The invention provides an ecological restoration method for soil in a chemical industrial area. The ecological restoration method includes the following steps that pollution indexes of the soil in the chemical industrial area are detected; deep ploughing is conducted, clay not smaller than 30 cm under the ground surface is turned up, and the soil is loosened and watered to be wet; a compound microorganism bacterium agent is thrown into the soil with the dosage ranging from 30 ppm/m<2> to 50 ppm/m<2>; terrestrial invertebrates are thrown into the soil; plants are planted on the soil; the pollution indexes of the soil in the chemical industrial area are detected; and the above steps are repeated every other 30 days to 60 days till the quality of the soil meets the requirements. By means of the ecological restoration method for the soil in the chemical industrial area, biological diversity of the soil is restored, the quality of the soil is improved fundamentally, the self-purification capability of the soil is restored fundamentally, and the pollution phenomenon is effectively eliminated. The method is used for strengthening the self-restoring capability and the self-cleaning capability of the nature, and meanwhile the ecological restoration method has the beneficial effects that the running cost is low, and the pollution treatment effect is good.

The invention discloses a method of adopting a grid to partition a region and analyzing a pollution index change trend reflected by surveillance video data in the grid for tracing the direct haze generation source in real time. The method comprises steps: firstly, grid partitioning is carried out in a region, and a no-haze reference map sample library based on a video image is built for each grid; then, through analyzing the surveillance video image and in combination with the no-haze reference map, based on time sequence analysis, fog and haze are distinguished, and the haze index, the grade, the change trend and the change speed in the surveillance image at the current position are determined; and finally, according to the position of the surveillance video, the haze index, the grade and the trend along with time changes, a haze diffusion path along with time changes is mapped, a grid sequence on the path is further obtained, and finally, a specific pollution source grid and a responsibility subject for the pollution source are determined. The method can be used for timely positioning the direct haze generation source in a specific region, and has the advantages of high recognition precision and high efficiency.

The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring and evaluation of a farmland soil environment, in particular to an evaluation method of quality of combined pollution farmland soil. The method comprises the steps of collecting a sample, determining a pollution index and a fertility index of the sample, performing principal component analysis on determination results, making judgment, performing pollution classvevaluation and then performing fertility grade evaluation under different pollution classes if the influence of a pollution factor is higher than that of a nutrient fertility factor, and performing the fertility grade evaluation and then performing the pollution class evaluation under different fertility grades if the influence of the nutrient fertility factor is higher than that of the pollution factor. According to the step-by-step evaluation method of the quality of the combined pollution farmland soil, an analytical result can visually show nutrient fertility characteristics of the soil of all combined pollution degrees; the scientificity of the evaluation of the quality of the combined pollution farmland soil is improved; the quality of the soil environment isimproved; and the method has important significance on the risk assessment of the polluted soil and guarantee of diet safety of people.

The invention provides an ecological restoring method of a river water body, comprising the following steps: (1) detecting pollution indexes of a river water body; (2) throwing composite microbial agents into a water body according to 5ppm to 9ppm; (3) transferring, translating and degrading matters in the river water body by the composite microbial agents; (4) throwing and/or planting water plants into a river; (5) detecting the pollution indexes of the river water body; and (6) repeating the steps from (2) to (5) from 15 days to 30 days until the river water body conforms to requirements. Each composite microbial agent comprises the components by weight percent: 5 to 10 photosynthetic bacteria, 10 to 15 bacillus subtilis, 5 to 10 nitrifying bacteria, 2 to 5 microzyme, 15 to 20 lactobacillus, 10 to 30 aspergillus, 10 to 30 acetobacter and 20 to 30 actinomyces. The ecological restoring method of a river water body aims at a river water body which carries out eutrophication treatment, leads the river water body to restore the bio-diversity of the river water body, radically restores ecology and has durable effect, low cost and simple use.

The invention relates to a method for producing urotropine by utilizing wastewater containing formaldehyde. Ammonia is added into the wastewater containing the formaldehyde, and the mixture is stirred to react for 3 to 15 hours to obtain a dilute solution of the urotropine under the condition that the pH value is controlled to be between 7 and 12 and the reaction temperature is between 10 and 90 DEG C; one or more devices of a filter press, a bag filter and a precision filter are adopted to remove solid components of the dilute solution of the urotropine, then an activated carbon filter is used to remove a viscous liquid of the dilute solution of the urotropine, then a microporous filter membrane with a pore diameter of between 0.2 and 1mu m is used to remove micron and submicron impurities and floccules in the solution, an ultrafiltration membrane is used to remove soluble macromolecular impurities, and the pollution index of the solution is less than or equal to 5; and the treated solution enters a first-order film for separation, a first-order thin solution is directly discharged or is used for industrial circulating water, a first-order thick solution is collected and stored in a tank when the mass fraction of the urotropine in the first-order thick solution is more than or equal to 6 percent, the first-order thick solution enters a second-order film for the separation, a second-order thin solution returns to the first-order film for the separation, and a second-order thick solution is collected and stored in the tank when the mass fraction of the urotropine in the second-order thick solution reaches more than 10 percent.

The invention discloses a traffic noise pollution model based on an exposed crowd/area/acoustic environment functional area. On the basis of analyzing an existing traffic noise evaluation model and method, according to the characteristics of traffic noise subjective perceptibility and pollution locality, the model is provided by comprehensively considering the influence degree difference of traffic noise on the number of exposed crowds, the area of an exposed area and various acoustic environment functional areas, the urban traffic noise pollution total amount TNPI of an existing urban area, the average traffic noise pollution index APNI of the existing urban area, the traffic noise pollution total amount TPNPI of a urban area to be built and the average traffic noise pollution index APNPI of the urban area to be built are used for adapting to the evaluation of traffic noise pollution under different needs, and classification representation is carried out on the ANPIs. The evaluation model quantizes the degree of the noise pollution, the noise pollution degree of the urban area is evaluated more visually, and the model can be used as the punishment basis of the excessive emissions of traffic noise.

The invention discloses an analytical method of multi-source spectrum fusion water quality. The method takes an ultraviolet/visible absorption spectrum signal and a multi-dimensional fluorescence emission spectrum signal of a water sample to be tested as input, and respectively adopts independent component pretreatment method to extract characteristic signals, remove interference information and obtain characteristic signals of the spectrums. According to the contribution of the characteristic signals of the spectrums to a water quality analyzing model, and aiming at avoiding information hiding, the combined characteristic signal number of the two types of spectrums is determined, the characteristic signals are combined into a spectrum characteristic signal federated data set, and the optimal spectrum configuration combination is solved. Based on an improved support vector machine algorithm, a Boosting method is adopted for modeling, and the optimal spectrum fusion water quality analyzing model is obtained by combining a plurality of modeling results. Based on the spectrum characteristic signal federated data set, the computation model is adopted to compute the comprehensive organic substance pollution index value of the water sample to be tested. The method has the remarkable advantages of high analyzing accuracy, high analysis speed, no pollution of chemical agent, simple operation and maintenance and the like.

The water treater can lower obviously the comprehensive pollution index of purified water and make the quality of purified water not affected by the quality of raw waste water. It needs no backflushing and has long service life of membrane and less floor area. Using it high-turbidity water is treated through combined flocculation, air floating and membrane separation. The treater has mixer and treating water tank connected via pump, and the water tank has aerator connected with a blower at the bottom hydrophilic hollow fiber microporous membrane assembly with water collecting pipe connected to a self priming pump to discharge purified water in the upper part, baffles in the peripheral and sludge scraper installed in the top. The present invention is used in treating water with suspended matter more than 50 mg/L.

The invention relates to a method for building an ecology risk assessment model for an estuary; the method comprises the following steps of: building an ecology risk assessment index system covering biological diversity indexes, comprehensive pollution indexes and pressure indexes of social and economic development in an estuary region; determining the standard values of risk upper limits and risk lower limits of the indexes in the index system according to the existing standard values, and carrying out standardization processing on data of stations; determining the weights of the indexes by using an analytical hierarchy process, and obtaining ecology risk values by weighting and adding; carrying out section division on the estuary region; and obtaining the risk value of each section after division, disclosing a space-time distribution pattern of the ecology risk in the estuary region and discriminating main factors resulting in the risks of the estuary region. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of being simple and objective, disclosing the space-time distribution pattern of the ecology risk in the estuary region, accurately accessing and discriminating the current situation of the ecology risk in the estuary region and main risk factors and providing a reliable theory and technical support for establishing a watershed ecology risk early warning mechanism and ecology risk management.

The invention discloses a method for extracting chondroitin, collagen and high-calcium powder from animal cartilages, comprising the following steps of: a, chopping the cleaned animal cartilages into pieces, adding water for mixing, placing into a reaction still, and heating to denature protein; b, introducing cold water into a jacket of the reaction still for cooling, adding collagenase and papain till the internal temperature of the reaction still is 30-60 DEG C, keeping the temperature of 30-70 DEG C and the pH value of 7-8, and hydrolyzing under stirring; c, roughly filtering a hydrolyzed solution to obtain cartilage residues containing calcium phosphate; d, finely filtering roughly-filtered liquid by a filter press to obtain clear fine filtrate, and adding ethanol to the fine filter liquor to precipitate chondroitin crystals; and e, after the chondroitin crystals are precipitated, obtaining a mixed solution of the collagen and the ethanol. The invention overcomes the defects of serious pollution and only single product production in the traditional process, enhances the output value rate by more than 30 percent and reduces the comprehensive pollution index of chondroitin production by more than 95 percent.

The invention provides a method for treating a polluted river, which comprises the following steps: (1) detecting the pollution indexes of the river; (2) regulating the types and quantities of microbial agents; (3) putting a resulting composite microbial agent in a water body in an amount of 50 to 100 ppm; (4) allowing the composite microbial agent to transfer, covert and degrade pollutants in the water in the river; (5) detecting the pollution indexes of the river; and (6) repeating the steps from (2) to (5) till the river meets requirements. The microbial agents comprise photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, nitrobacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. The method for treating the polluted river of the invention reduces and inorganizes pollutants in water in the river to treat the river and has the advantages of simple operation and low cost.

The invention discloses an electrochemical synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal apparatus and a municipal sewage treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. A dimensionally stable electrode, an iron electrode, an aluminum electrode, a magnesium electrode and a copper modified stainless steel electrode which are commonly used in an electrochemical water treatment technology are combined to realize the nitrogen and phosphorus removal treatment of the municipal sewage in a same electrolytic cell. The apparatus has the advantages of simple structure, operation convenience, high efficiency, stable indexes of discharged water, and realization of the large-scale automatic sewage treatment. The municipal sewage method has the advantages of simple technology, operation convenience, manpower and material resource saving, low energy consumption, high removal rate of sewage pollution indexes, and realization of the removal rate of each of the municipal sewage indexes comprising the chemical oxygen demand, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus to reach above 92%.

The invention provides a method for purifying a polluted river, comprising the following steps: (1) detecting pollution indexes of a river; (2) intercepting sewage of the river; (3) blending the varieties and the numbers of microbial agents; (4) throwing the obtained composite microbial agents into a water body according to 60ppm to 120ppm; (5) transferring, translating and degrading pollutants in the river by the composite microbial agents; (6) detecting the pollution indexes of the river; and (61) repeating the steps from (3) to (6) until the river conforms to requirements. Each composite microbial agent comprises the components by weight: 50 to 80 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 60 to 70 parts of bacillus subtilis, 60 to 70 parts of nitrifying bacteria, 25 to 30 parts of lactobacillus and 25 to 30 parts of microzyme. The method for purifying a polluted river reduces the pollutants of the water body of the river and enables the pollutants of the water body of the river to be inorganic, initially processes the river and has simple operation and low cost.

The invention belongs to the field of food detection, and in particular relates to methods for quickly detecting the content of heavy metal elements in rice and evaluating a comprehensive pollution index of the heavy metal elements. The method for quickly detecting the content of the heavy metal elements in the rice comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating a sample; (2) quickly detecting the content of a cadmium element and the content of a lead element in the rice; (3) quickly detecting the content of an arsenic element and the content of a mercury element in the rice. The method for evaluating the comprehensive pollution index of the heavy metal elements in the rice comprises the following steps: (1) measuring the contents of the cadmium element, the lead element, the arsenic element and the mercury element in the sample according to the detection method; (2) calculating pollution factor values of all the elements; (3) constructing a hierarchical relation among all indexes according to the pollution factor values of all the elements, and determining weights of the indexes so as to obtain a comprehensive pollution factor value in the rice, thus obtaining the pollution level of the harmful heavy metals in the rice. The methods are simple and time-saving, and the pollution degree of the heavy metals in the rice can be quickly, comprehensively and objectively reflected.

The invention relates to a treatment process of glyphosate mother liquor, comprising the following steps: step 1. glyphosate mother liquor is the remaining mother liquor extracted after the glyphosate technical is crystallized and separated out in the process of preparing glyphosate by iminodiacetic acid method; step 2. the mother liquor is pretreated by ultra-filtration to cause the pollution index of the mother liquor to be less than or equal to 5; step 3. strong liquor (1) with concentration of 2%-7% and light liquor (1) with concentration of 0%-0.1% are obtained from the mother liquor by a first order membrane separation and are respectively collected in storage tanks, strong liquor (2) with concentration of 5%-15% and light liquor (2) with concentration of 0.1%-0.2% are obtained fromthe strong liquor (1) by a second order membrane separation and are respectively collected in storage tanks; step 4. the strong liquor (2) is cooled to negative 10 DEG C to 25 DEG C for crystallizingand separating to obtain glyphosate bulk drug and filtrate, the filtrate is used indiscriminately for 1-20 times, the light liquor (2) returns to the first order membrane for separation; step 5. the light liquor (1) in step 3 is fed with ammonia until pH is equal to 8-11 and generates urotropine, urotropine solution with the mass percentage of 5%-40% and light liquor (2) with the pH of 7-11 are obtained after a third order and a fourth order membrane separation; and step 6. after the filtrate in the step (4) is used indiscriminately for 1-20 times, the remaining filtrate is added with water according to the proportion of 1:0.5-5 to remove formaldehyde, glyphosate filtrate with the content of formaldehyde less than or equal to 0.30% is obtained and is used for preparing gyphosate solution.

The invention provides a treating method of river bottom mud, comprising the following steps: (1) detecting pollution indexes of river bottom mud; (2) blending the varieties and the numbers of microbial agents; (3) throwing the obtained composite microbial agents into a water body according to 150ppm to 300ppm; (4) transferring, translating and degrading pollutants in the river bottom mud by the composite microbial agents; (5) detecting the pollution indexes of the river bottom mud; and (6) repeating the steps from (2) to (5) until a river conforms to requirements. Each composite microbial agent comprises the components by weight percent: 60 to 80 photosynthetic bacteria, 60 to 80 nitrifying bacteria, 30 to 40 lactobacillus and 30 to 40 microzyme. The processing method of river bottom mud reduces and enables the pollutants of the river bottom mud to be inorganic, thereby cutting sludge and achieving the effect of processing the river bottom mud in situ.

The embodiment of the invention provides a control method, a ventilation device and an air conditioner system, and relates to the field of ventilation systems. The control method, the ventilation device and the air conditioner system are applied to full heat exchangers, and the ventilation scheme suitable for the current ventilation environment can be selected according to changes of the ventilation environment. The control method includes the steps that the pollution index is obtained, wherein the pollution index is used for measuring the indoor or outdoor air pollution degree; when the pollution index is smaller than a pollution index threshold value, indoor air is made to sequentially pass through a polluted air inlet and a polluted air outlet and flow to outdoor portions, outdoor air is made to pass through a fresh air inlet and is subjected to air purification when passing through the fresh air inlet, and the purified air is made to flow to indoor portions through the fresh air inlet; and when the pollution index is larger than or equal to the pollution index threshold value, the indoor air is made to sequentially pass through the polluted air inlet, the polluted air outlet and the fresh air inlet and is subjected to air purification when passing through the fresh air inlet, and the purified air is made to flow to the indoor portions through a fresh air outlet. The control method, the ventilation device and the air conditioner system are used for conducting heat exchange on the air.

A method for evaluate environmental quality of heavy metals in sediment include collecting basic data of sediment, including regional geochemical background value of heavy metals in sediment and dataof physical and chemical property of sediment, specifically including content of heavy metals in sediment, content of alumina in sediment, content of organic matter in sediment and median grain size of sediment; The contents of heavy metals in sediments and the regional geochemical background values of heavy metals in sediments were treated by triangular fuzzy number and alpha-cut set. The enrichment index of heavy metals in sediment was calculated and the source of heavy metals in sediment was judged by correlation analysis. Calculate the accumulative index, and judge the pollution level of heavy metals in sediment based on the calculation of membership degree; Calculate the single factor pollution index, calculate the potential ecological hazard index, and then calculate the ecological risk of heavy metals in sediment based on the membership degree. The invention overcomes the shortcomings of uncertainty of data selection and evaluation results, reasonably evaluates the environmentalquality of heavy metals in sediments, and provides effective technical support for environmental quality management.