58 results about "Groundwater contamination" patented technology

A multi-objective optimization method for groundwater pollution monitoring network, which mainly includes four steps: groundwater numerical value simulation, groundwater vulnerability assessment, the establishment of the monitoring network optimization model, and the solving of the optimization model. The core of the method is to establish a multi-objective optimization model aimed at establishing the least monitoring wells, monitoring the maximum pollutant concentration, and monitoring the maximum regional vulnerability value. Solving the optimization model by the algorithm and considering the relationship between the quality error and the number of monitoring wells comprehensively to determine the well number and location of the monitoring network.

Soil and groundwater contamination migration are forecasted according to instructions stored in a memory and executable by a processor to facilitate prompt and accurate remediation efforts. In embodiments, an environmental machine learning model is employed, and analysis and determination of contaminant plume distances, sources and destinations are made. A database stores raw environmental site data, from which relevant data can be extracted for a site of interest, and the environmental machine learning model can be trained on the extracted relevant data to predict the spatial and cross-section probability distribution of a contaminant plume at the site of interest.

The invention relates to methods for determining the source of hydrocarbons presented in the pores of a host rock or found in contaminated groundwater. The method includes the steps of (a) determining a first isotopic composition of boron and/or lithium in one or more components within a potential source rock sample, such as kerogen, clay, or water; (b) determining a second isotopic composition of boron and/or lithium in the hydrocarbons found within the pores of a host rock sample or in contaminated groundwater; and (c) comparing the first and second isotopic compositions to determine whether the potential source rock is the source of the hydrocarbons within the pores of the host rock or in contaminated groundwater. The comparison is facilitated by using the isotope fractionation between the kerogen, clay, or water components and the bitumen component of the potential source rock, which allows one to predict the isotope composition of any hydrocarbons originating in the bitumen component of the source rock, based on the isotope composition of one of the other three phases. The method can be used to select host rock for extracting oil and other hydrocarbons, as well as in remediating groundwater contamination.

Highly sensitive sensor platforms for the detection of specific reagents, such as chromate, gasoline and biological species, using microcantilevers and other microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) whose surfaces have been modified with photochemically attached organic monolayers, such as self-assembled monolayers (SAM), or gold-thiol surface linkage are taught. The microcantilever sensors use photochemical hydrosilylation to modify silicon surfaces and gold-thiol chemistry to modify metallic surfaces thereby enabling individual microcantilevers in multicantilever array chips to be modified separately. Terminal vinyl substituted hydrocarbons with a variety of molecular recognition sites can be attached to the surface of silicon via the photochemical hydrosilylation process. By focusing the activating UV light sequentially on selected silicon or silicon nitride hydrogen terminated surfaces and soaking or spotting selected metallic surfaces with organic thiols, sulfides, or disulfides, the microcantilevers are functionalized. The device and photochemical method are intended to be integrated into systems for detecting specific agents including chromate groundwater contamination, gasoline, and biological species.

The invention discloses a strong quantitative evaluation method for an underground water pollution source. The method comprises the following steps: collecting site information, simulating the concentration of a pollutant in the pollution source when reaching an underground water interface by HYDRUS-1D software, and calculating a reduction coefficient; carrying out strong master control factor screening of the underground water pollution source of the site by a grey correlation analysis method; building a multivariate linear regression equation through the screened strong master control factors of the underground water pollution source, and carrying out model checking and error evaluation; and carrying out a strong quantitative evaluation on the underground water pollution source of the site with limited information by the built multivariate linear regression equation. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a strong quantitative evaluation task of the underground water pollution source of the site with limited information can be effectively solved; a technical reference is provided for investigation and restoration of a pollution site; and the strong quantitative evaluation method is simpler than an HYDRUS-1D software simulation in input conditions, and is similar to an HYDRUS-1D software simulation result in output.

The invention relates to the technical field of underground water treatment, and provides a method for determining underground water pollution plume profile hierarchical characteristics and a preferential migration path, which comprises the following steps: S1, identifying pollution; S2, identifying hydrogeological conditions; S3, carrying out underground water monitoring well point position arrangement; S4, constructing layered monitoring wells; S5, monitoring well washing and collecting samples; S6, carrying out sample detection; S7, analyzing detection data; and S8, determining the form andlayering characteristics of the underground water pollution plume profile through data analysis in the step S7. According to the method, a three-dimensional water quality investigation system and sampling monitoring are designed, and water quality data three-dimensional simulation analysis is combined, so that the purposes of depicting the layered characteristics of the underground water pollution plume profile and accurately identifying the preferential migration path of the underground water pollution plume are achieved.

The invention provides a method for restoring hydrochloric ether-contaminated groundwater by using in-situ electrochemical circulation wells. The method comprises the following steps: digging wells inan area with groundwater contamination and installing well casings in the wells, wherein every two wells form a group, one well in each group of wells is used as a water injection well while the other well is used as a pumping well, the top ends of the well casings are opened, the bottom ends of the well casings are closed, and a plurality of small holes are formed in the walls of the lower endsof the well casings; hanging anode plates and cathode plates in the water injection wells, wherein the anode plates and the cathode plates are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power source arranged out of the wells through wires; and turning on the power source to energize the anode plates and the cathode plates, continuously pumping groundwater inthe pumping wells into the water injection wells by using a water pump so strengthen groundwater flow circulation, wherein hydrogen and oxygen generated in the water injection well are diffused intoaquifers under the action of the groundwater flow circulation to promote the chemical/microbial degradation of hydrochloric ether in the groundwater. The restoration method provided by the invention is stable in effect and friendly to environment.

The invention discloses preparation of heavy metal contaminated soil leachate and an in-situ leaching engineering practical method. The engineering practical method comprises the following steps: investigation of a contaminated site; boundary defining of the contaminated site; excavation of contaminated soil; construction of a leachate collecting system; construction of a contaminated site seepagecontrol system; spraying of the leachate; water spraying; monitoring of the leachate; and treatment of the leachate. According to the engineering practical method disclosed by the invention, the advantages of traditional in-situ leaching are combined with the advantages of ectopic leaching, the demands of ancillary works are greatly reduced, the technology is simple, leaching raw materials are wide in sources and the leachate can be recycled; the cost is low, no special equipment demand is required, and groundwater contamination during the in-situ leaching process can be avoided; the engineering practical method is low in environmental risk and has a broad application prospect in the field of soil contamination remediation.

The invention provides a novel high-efficiency and economic biochar adsorbent for petroleum organic pollutants and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) drying and crushing corn straw on which spikes and leaves are removed; (2) placing corn straw powder in a crucible, sealing the crucible, putting the crucible in a muffle furnace, carrying out heating and charring for 6 to 6.5 h at 700 to 800 DEG C and taking out the crucible after cooling to room temperature so as to obtain a charring product; and (3) soaking the charring product in an HCl solution with a concentration of 0.98 to 1.02 mol/L for 12 to 13 h to remove ash, washing the product with deionized water until the product is neutral and drying the product so as to obtain the biochar adsorbent. Raw materials used in the method are widely available and cheap; and the biochar adsorbent exerts an obvious adsorption effect on petroleum organic pollutants, which is of great significance to restoration of contaminated soil and alleviation of underground water pollution.

The invention provides a groundwater pollution monitoring natural attenuation restoration prediction method, system and device. The system comprises a standard building module which is used for building an MNA conceptual model of a polluted site, and determining a monitoring target and an MNA control standard of the polluted site, an on-site monitoring network which is used for determining a monitoring position, a monitoring object, a monitoring index and a monitoring frequency based on the conceptual model so as to realize on-site monitoring of the polluted site; and an evaluation module which is used for evaluating the feasibility of the MNA repair technology through an indoor simulation test and on-site monitoring; if the MNA repair technology is not feasible, natural attenuation is strengthened, and if the MNA repair technology is feasible, a final MNA effectiveness evaluation result is outputted. According to the method, system and device, effective prediction for groundwater pollution monitoring natural attenuation restoration is achieved, the method, system and device are easy to execute, achieve medium-and-long-term accurate prediction, and greatly reduce the time cost of evaluation.

The invention provides a method for treating benzene series in groundwater. In the method, the groundwater polluted by benzene series is firstly subjected to sand filtration pretreatment, and the SS of the effluent from the sand filter does not exceed 30mg through the filtering action of the quartz sand filter material. /L, then the water from the sand filter enters the ozone contact oxidation tank, under the catalysis of the catalyst, the ozone decomposes the aromatic compounds in the wastewater into small molecule aliphatic hydrocarbons, and finally reduces the COD content in the wastewater through the biodegradation of BAF, and at the same time The unique adsorption and filtration of BAF can effectively reduce SS and form a stable effluent quality. Beneficial results of the present invention: the method has high COD removal efficiency, ensures that the effluent COD index is stable below 80 mg/L, and meanwhile has low investment and operation costs.

The invention relates to the field of controlling and restoring underground water pollution, and specifically relates to a hydrophobic probe used for a tensiometer. The hydrophobic probe is prepared by modifying an alumina probe by a mixing solution comprising silane coupling agents and toluene. According to modifying the probe of the pressure sensing tensiometer, hydrophilicity of the probe is converted to hydrophobicity, so that a nondestructive testing is performed on the capillary pressure of oil in soil. A period of validity of hydrophobicity of the modified probe is more than eight months, and the modification method is of low cost and simple operation.

The present invention proposes a set of methods for preventing the occurrence of the focusing phenomenon based on the trapping effect of the ion-induced voltage trap that leads to the focusing phenomenon during the electric restoration process of the polluted soil and groundwater, including 2 types and 5 methods in total. The first type of method is to prevent the occurrence of focusing phenomenon in the electrokinetic restoration process through a reasonable layout of the electrodes. There are three methods, namely: (1) make the direction of the electric field perpendicular to the direction of the soil conductivity gradient; (2) place the high conductivity area Upstream of the migration direction of the target ions; (3) Restoring the site according to the difference in soil conductance. The second type of method is to prevent the occurrence of focusing phenomenon in the soil near the electrode by reasonably controlling the concentration of the electrode working solution. There are two methods, namely: (1) use low concentration electrode working solution; (2) use clean surface water , drinking water or local groundwater to dissolve the electrolyte in the soil around the electrode pool to make electrode working solution. The above methods can be used in combination according to the site conditions.

The invention discloses a PRB indoor test device system capable of adjusting multiple influence factors. The PRB indoor test device system comprises an air pressure adjusting system, an adjustable constant water head sewage storage device and a sewage remediation device, one end of the adjustable constant water head sewage storage device is connected with the air pressure adjusting system, and theother end is connected with the sewage remediation device; the sewage remediation device comprises a thermal insulation material filling box; a vertical water tank and a horizontal water tank are arranged in the thermal insulation material filling box; the vertical water tank and the horizontal water tank are connected in a crossed mode; and the joint of the vertical water tank and the horizontalwater tank is filled with a PRB wall body. According to the test device, various influence factors in the groundwater pollution remediation process are considered, a systematic, comprehensive and adjustable multi-factor indoor test model is provided, and different influence factors can be subjected to a combined test through an orthogonal test, so that related conclusions and rules are obtained.

The invention discloses an ion type rare earth shallow groundwater pollution prevention and control method. According to the general geological feature that the bed rock of an ion type rare earth mineis shallowly buried and is broken, the following measures are adopted. The method comprises the measures that a horizontal impervious curtain is built in a deep bed rock fault zone of a mining region, a vertical impervious curtain is built in a shallow layer bed rock fracture zone on the edge of the mining region, and leaching liquid is prevented against migration and diffusion; self-control extraction wells are installed in a water-rich region in the impervious curtains, the water level of shallow groundwater of the mining region is controlled, and the cross flow pollution is avoided; waterquality monitoring wells are arranged on the periphery of the impervious curtains, the groundwater leaching agent concentration is monitored, and the control over the water level of the shallow groundwater of the mining region is guided; and cleaning operation is conducted with clear water and a low-concentration calcium hydroxide solution in the mining termination phase. By means of the measures,the influence of in-situ infiltration mining on the mine surface/ground water environment is effectively controlled, and the loss of rare earth resources in the mining process is reduced. The ion type rare earth shallow groundwater pollution prevention and control method is suitable for the ion type rare earth mine which is characterized in that the bed rock is shallowly buried and is broken, andcan assist in constructing ecological mines, digital mines and intelligent mines.

The invention discloses an underground water pollution assessment method which comprises the following steps: S1, collecting parameters of underground water in a to-be-detected area, and quantitatively collecting the parameters at regular time; S2, determining hydrogeological conditions of a to-be-measured area site, and dividing stratum types according to the collected hydrogeological condition data; S3, storing the acquired data of the underground water parameters and the hydrogeological conditions, and integrating the data to perform data preprocessing; and S4, constructing a site pollutionmodel according to the preprocessed data, comparing the data in the model with the data in the database, evaluating the water quality condition, and finally obtaining a detection evaluation result. The invention provides an underground water pollution assessment method. The underground water pollution condition can be assessed by comprehensively considering pollutant release, pollution source migration and a hydrogeological environment.

The invention discloses a multivariate- statistics-and-isotope-based identification method for a nitrogen pollution source of underground water in a mixed region. The method starts from underground water three-nitrogen content space-time distribution and potential influence, and carries out qualitative analysis of pollution source composition to quantitative analysis of pollution source contribution rate and nitrogen migration and transformation rules by means of a multivariate statistics and stable isotope technology. And finally, the effectiveness of pollution source identification is identified in combination with an underground water diffusion model, and a set of complete pollution source identification method of pollution preliminary detection, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis result verification is constructed. According to the method, distribution, sources and influence factors of groundwater pollution in the mixing region can be deeply analyzed, specific pollutionsources under different land types and contribution degrees of the specific pollution sources to groundwater nitrogen can be quantitatively calculated, and reasonable, feasible and highly-targeted groundwater pollution control and water environment protection measures are provided; the positive effect is achieved on the improvement of the ecological environment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of co-production of biogas and organic fertilizer from biomass energy, and particularly relates to a system for co-producing biogas and organic fertilizer from straw, livestock and poultry manure. The system comprises crushing equipment, a biogas slurry temporary storage tank, a pusher, a manure liquid receiving tank, a homogenizing tank, a fermentation tank, a biogas filtering and purifying system and an organic fertilizer treatment system; according to the straw, livestock and poultry manure, biogas and organic fertilizer co-production system, livestock and poultry manure and straw are fermented to produce biogas, high-quality organic fertilizer can be produced at the same time, a proper amount of organic fertilizer is applied at proper time according to different needs of crops in different periods, the application amount of chemical fertilizer can be effectively reduced, and the soil structure is improved; therefore, soil degradation is restrained, groundwater pollution is prevented, and the yield and quality of agricultural products are improved. The system has very important significance for enhancing agricultural ecological environment construction and promoting agricultural sustainable development.