59 results about "Groundwater contamination" patented technology

A multi-objective optimization method for groundwater pollution monitoring network, which mainly includes four steps: groundwater numerical value simulation, groundwater vulnerability assessment, the establishment of the monitoring network optimization model, and the solving of the optimization model. The core of the method is to establish a multi-objective optimization model aimed at establishing the least monitoring wells, monitoring the maximum pollutant concentration, and monitoring the maximum regional vulnerability value. Solving the optimization model by the algorithm and considering the relationship between the quality error and the number of monitoring wells comprehensively to determine the well number and location of the monitoring network.

The invention relates to environmental protection of oil and gas fields and provides a method for remedying oil pollution by unitedly using air shatter crack and microorganism and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out the air shatter crack on soil layer polluted by oils, removing pollutants in a vaporphase by using a vacuum pump, and opening a high-pressure sprayer to evenly disperse and inject culture mediums or microorganism into the soil; and the outlet of a central extraction well is connected with the vacuum pump, continuous airflows are extracted in the extraction well by the vacuum pump, and the balance of oxygen is supplied by peripheral wells for the purpose of keeping the continuous supply of the oxygen in soil pore space to remove the pollutants in the vaporphase. The invention also provides the device which is composed of an air compression engine, the vacuum pump, a valve, the high-pressure sprayer, a feed tank and a mixed tank. Compared with the homogeneous processing techniques, the invention saves cost by about 40-50% and economizes running cost by 20-35%; in addition, maintenance and management cost of the invention is 40-75% of that of the homogeneous processing techniques.

Soil and groundwater contamination migration are forecasted according to instructions stored in a memory and executable by a processor to facilitate prompt and accurate remediation efforts. In embodiments, an environmental machine learning model is employed, and analysis and determination of contaminant plume distances, sources and destinations are made. A database stores raw environmental site data, from which relevant data can be extracted for a site of interest, and the environmental machine learning model can be trained on the extracted relevant data to predict the spatial and cross-section probability distribution of a contaminant plume at the site of interest.

The invention relates to methods for determining the source of hydrocarbons presented in the pores of a host rock or found in contaminated groundwater. The method includes the steps of (a) determining a first isotopic composition of boron and / or lithium in one or more components within a potential source rock sample, such as kerogen, clay, or water; (b) determining a second isotopic composition of boron and / or lithium in the hydrocarbons found within the pores of a host rock sample or in contaminated groundwater; and (c) comparing the first and second isotopic compositions to determine whether the potential source rock is the source of the hydrocarbons within the pores of the host rock or in contaminated groundwater. The comparison is facilitated by using the isotope fractionation between the kerogen, clay, or water components and the bitumen component of the potential source rock, which allows one to predict the isotope composition of any hydrocarbons originating in the bitumen component of the source rock, based on the isotope composition of one of the other three phases. The method can be used to select host rock for extracting oil and other hydrocarbons, as well as in remediating groundwater contamination.

Highly sensitive sensor platforms for the detection of specific reagents, such as chromate, gasoline and biological species, using microcantilevers and other microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) whose surfaces have been modified with photochemically attached organic monolayers, such as self-assembled monolayers (SAM), or gold-thiol surface linkage are taught. The microcantilever sensors use photochemical hydrosilylation to modify silicon surfaces and gold-thiol chemistry to modify metallic surfaces thereby enabling individual microcantilevers in multicantilever array chips to be modified separately. Terminal vinyl substituted hydrocarbons with a variety of molecular recognition sites can be attached to the surface of silicon via the photochemical hydrosilylation process. By focusing the activating UV light sequentially on selected silicon or silicon nitride hydrogen terminated surfaces and soaking or spotting selected metallic surfaces with organic thiols, sulfides, or disulfides, the microcantilevers are functionalized. The device and photochemical method are intended to be integrated into systems for detecting specific agents including chromate groundwater contamination, gasoline, and biological species.

The invention discloses a strong quantitative evaluation method for an underground water pollution source. The method comprises the following steps: collecting site information, simulating the concentration of a pollutant in the pollution source when reaching an underground water interface by HYDRUS-1D software, and calculating a reduction coefficient; carrying out strong master control factor screening of the underground water pollution source of the site by a grey correlation analysis method; building a multivariate linear regression equation through the screened strong master control factors of the underground water pollution source, and carrying out model checking and error evaluation; and carrying out a strong quantitative evaluation on the underground water pollution source of the site with limited information by the built multivariate linear regression equation. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a strong quantitative evaluation task of the underground water pollution source of the site with limited information can be effectively solved; a technical reference is provided for investigation and restoration of a pollution site; and the strong quantitative evaluation method is simpler than an HYDRUS-1D software simulation in input conditions, and is similar to an HYDRUS-1D software simulation result in output.

The invention relates to the technical field of underground water treatment, and provides a method for determining underground water pollution plume profile hierarchical characteristics and a preferential migration path, which comprises the following steps: S1, identifying pollution; S2, identifying hydrogeological conditions; S3, carrying out underground water monitoring well point position arrangement; S4, constructing layered monitoring wells; S5, monitoring well washing and collecting samples; S6, carrying out sample detection; S7, analyzing detection data; and S8, determining the form andlayering characteristics of the underground water pollution plume profile through data analysis in the step S7. According to the method, a three-dimensional water quality investigation system and sampling monitoring are designed, and water quality data three-dimensional simulation analysis is combined, so that the purposes of depicting the layered characteristics of the underground water pollution plume profile and accurately identifying the preferential migration path of the underground water pollution plume are achieved.

The invention provides a method for restoring hydrochloric ether-contaminated groundwater by using in-situ electrochemical circulation wells. The method comprises the following steps: digging wells inan area with groundwater contamination and installing well casings in the wells, wherein every two wells form a group, one well in each group of wells is used as a water injection well while the other well is used as a pumping well, the top ends of the well casings are opened, the bottom ends of the well casings are closed, and a plurality of small holes are formed in the walls of the lower endsof the well casings; hanging anode plates and cathode plates in the water injection wells, wherein the anode plates and the cathode plates are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power source arranged out of the wells through wires; and turning on the power source to energize the anode plates and the cathode plates, continuously pumping groundwater inthe pumping wells into the water injection wells by using a water pump so strengthen groundwater flow circulation, wherein hydrogen and oxygen generated in the water injection well are diffused intoaquifers under the action of the groundwater flow circulation to promote the chemical / microbial degradation of hydrochloric ether in the groundwater. The restoration method provided by the invention is stable in effect and friendly to environment.

The invention discloses preparation of heavy metal contaminated soil leachate and an in-situ leaching engineering practical method. The engineering practical method comprises the following steps: investigation of a contaminated site; boundary defining of the contaminated site; excavation of contaminated soil; construction of a leachate collecting system; construction of a contaminated site seepagecontrol system; spraying of the leachate; water spraying; monitoring of the leachate; and treatment of the leachate. According to the engineering practical method disclosed by the invention, the advantages of traditional in-situ leaching are combined with the advantages of ectopic leaching, the demands of ancillary works are greatly reduced, the technology is simple, leaching raw materials are wide in sources and the leachate can be recycled; the cost is low, no special equipment demand is required, and groundwater contamination during the in-situ leaching process can be avoided; the engineering practical method is low in environmental risk and has a broad application prospect in the field of soil contamination remediation.

The invention provides a novel high-efficiency and economic biochar adsorbent for petroleum organic pollutants and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) drying and crushing corn straw on which spikes and leaves are removed; (2) placing corn straw powder in a crucible, sealing the crucible, putting the crucible in a muffle furnace, carrying out heating and charring for 6 to 6.5 h at 700 to 800 DEG C and taking out the crucible after cooling to room temperature so as to obtain a charring product; and (3) soaking the charring product in an HCl solution with a concentration of 0.98 to 1.02 mol / L for 12 to 13 h to remove ash, washing the product with deionized water until the product is neutral and drying the product so as to obtain the biochar adsorbent. Raw materials used in the method are widely available and cheap; and the biochar adsorbent exerts an obvious adsorption effect on petroleum organic pollutants, which is of great significance to restoration of contaminated soil and alleviation of underground water pollution.

The invention provides a groundwater pollution monitoring natural attenuation restoration prediction method, system and device. The system comprises a standard building module which is used for building an MNA conceptual model of a polluted site, and determining a monitoring target and an MNA control standard of the polluted site, an on-site monitoring network which is used for determining a monitoring position, a monitoring object, a monitoring index and a monitoring frequency based on the conceptual model so as to realize on-site monitoring of the polluted site; and an evaluation module which is used for evaluating the feasibility of the MNA repair technology through an indoor simulation test and on-site monitoring; if the MNA repair technology is not feasible, natural attenuation is strengthened, and if the MNA repair technology is feasible, a final MNA effectiveness evaluation result is outputted. According to the method, system and device, effective prediction for groundwater pollution monitoring natural attenuation restoration is achieved, the method, system and device are easy to execute, achieve medium-and-long-term accurate prediction, and greatly reduce the time cost of evaluation.

The invention relates to environmental protection of oil and gas fields and provides a method for remedying oil pollution by unitedly using air shatter crack and microorganism and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out the air shatter crack on soil layer polluted by oils, removing pollutants in a vaporphase by using a vacuum pump, and opening a high-pressure sprayer to evenly disperse and inject culture mediums or microorganism into the soil; and the outlet of a central extraction well is connected with the vacuum pump, continuous airflows are extracted in the extraction well by the vacuum pump, and the balance of oxygen is supplied by peripheral wells for the purpose of keeping the continuous supply of the oxygen in soil pore space to remove the pollutants in the vaporphase. The invention also provides the device which is composed of an air compression engine, the vacuum pump, a valve, the high-pressure sprayer, a feed tank and a mixed tank. Compared with the homogeneous processing techniques, the invention saves cost by about 40-50% and economizes running cost by 20-35%; in addition, maintenance and management cost of the invention is 40-75% of that of the homogeneous processing techniques.

The invention provides a method for treating benzene series in groundwater. In the method, the groundwater polluted by benzene series is firstly subjected to sand filtration pretreatment, and the SS of the effluent from the sand filter does not exceed 30mg through the filtering action of the quartz sand filter material. / L, then the water from the sand filter enters the ozone contact oxidation tank, under the catalysis of the catalyst, the ozone decomposes the aromatic compounds in the wastewater into small molecule aliphatic hydrocarbons, and finally reduces the COD content in the wastewater through the biodegradation of BAF, and at the same time The unique adsorption and filtration of BAF can effectively reduce SS and form a stable effluent quality. Beneficial results of the present invention: the method has high COD removal efficiency, ensures that the effluent COD index is stable below 80 mg / L, and meanwhile has low investment and operation costs.

The invention relates to an underground pollution liquid seepage interception and collection structure and a construction method thereof, and aims to provide the underground pollution liquid seepage interception and collection structure and the construction method thereof so as to effectively control the underground water pollution range, and avoid pollutant exosmosis. According to the technical scheme, the underground pollution liquid seepage interception and collection structure is used for intercepting and collecting underground pollution liquids in a waste residue stacking area, and the underground pollution liquid seepage interception and collection structure is characterized in that a pollution liquid interception facility is arranged inside a foundation in a downstream area of an underground water flow channel in the waste residue stacking area, and a slope rainwater drainage channel and a seepage collection facility used for collecting seepage inside the foundation are arrangedon the upstream of the pollution liquid interception facility. The underground pollution liquid seepage interception and collection structure is suitable for projects requiring seepage isolation andcollection due to pollution of groundwater heavy metals, iodide and the like caused by non-standard spoil and the like.

The invention relates to the field of controlling and restoring underground water pollution, and specifically relates to a hydrophobic probe used for a tensiometer. The hydrophobic probe is prepared by modifying an alumina probe by a mixing solution comprising silane coupling agents and toluene. According to modifying the probe of the pressure sensing tensiometer, hydrophilicity of the probe is converted to hydrophobicity, so that a nondestructive testing is performed on the capillary pressure of oil in soil. A period of validity of hydrophobicity of the modified probe is more than eight months, and the modification method is of low cost and simple operation.

The present invention proposes a set of methods for preventing the occurrence of the focusing phenomenon based on the trapping effect of the ion-induced voltage trap that leads to the focusing phenomenon during the electric restoration process of the polluted soil and groundwater, including 2 types and 5 methods in total. The first type of method is to prevent the occurrence of focusing phenomenon in the electrokinetic restoration process through a reasonable layout of the electrodes. There are three methods, namely: (1) make the direction of the electric field perpendicular to the direction of the soil conductivity gradient; (2) place the high conductivity area Upstream of the migration direction of the target ions; (3) Restoring the site according to the difference in soil conductance. The second type of method is to prevent the occurrence of focusing phenomenon in the soil near the electrode by reasonably controlling the concentration of the electrode working solution. There are two methods, namely: (1) use low concentration electrode working solution; (2) use clean surface water , drinking water or local groundwater to dissolve the electrolyte in the soil around the electrode pool to make electrode working solution. The above methods can be used in combination according to the site conditions.

The invention discloses a PRB indoor test device system capable of adjusting multiple influence factors. The PRB indoor test device system comprises an air pressure adjusting system, an adjustable constant water head sewage storage device and a sewage remediation device, one end of the adjustable constant water head sewage storage device is connected with the air pressure adjusting system, and theother end is connected with the sewage remediation device; the sewage remediation device comprises a thermal insulation material filling box; a vertical water tank and a horizontal water tank are arranged in the thermal insulation material filling box; the vertical water tank and the horizontal water tank are connected in a crossed mode; and the joint of the vertical water tank and the horizontalwater tank is filled with a PRB wall body. According to the test device, various influence factors in the groundwater pollution remediation process are considered, a systematic, comprehensive and adjustable multi-factor indoor test model is provided, and different influence factors can be subjected to a combined test through an orthogonal test, so that related conclusions and rules are obtained.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a laboratory simulation device for groundwater pollution remediation and its use method. The device includes: a simulated aquifer unit, which transmits water from a storage bucket to the simulated aquifer through a first peristaltic pump; The unit, the pumping well and the pumping pipe are connected to the simulated aquifer and the outside, the screen is located below the water level of the simulated aquifer, and the water intake of the pumping pipe is located at the lower part of the screen; Water distribution pipe; repair unit, the bottom of the seepage zone is connected to the simulated aquifer; the water flow in the filling layer of the seepage zone and the reaction zone is S-shaped flow; multiple closable air ducts are arranged in the covering soil layer; the air blowing unit, the aeration fan and One end of the air supply pipe is connected, and the other end of the air supply pipe extends below the water level of the water layer of the pumping well; multiple air pumping wells are connected to the simulated aquifer and the outside, and the air pumping well is connected to the air pump; the monitoring unit, including multiple sampling pipes, are located at Model aquifers, reaction zones, and vadose zones.

The utility model relates to a natural energy window circulation softening groundwater air conditioner, which belongs to the field of indoor temperature adjustment equipment, and specifically relates to a water air conditioner which utilizes ground source energy and solar energy for water circulation and temperature adjustment. It is characterized in that it includes a geothermal source and a windshield heat dissipation system. The geothermal source is connected to the windshield heat dissipation system through a high-pressure pump; the entire circulation process of groundwater in the room is in the windshield, and the heat is fully exchanged with the surrounding space through several capillary heat dissipation pipes. Better heat or cool. The invention adopts the principle of the electrodialysis method to soften and clean the water quality, avoids hard water quality or bad underground water pollution and erodes the circulation pipeline, and prolongs the service life of the whole machine. During the purification process, the temperature of the groundwater remains constant due to the effect of the insulation layer, which will not affect the subsequent heat exchange process.

The invention discloses an ion type rare earth shallow groundwater pollution prevention and control method. According to the general geological feature that the bed rock of an ion type rare earth mineis shallowly buried and is broken, the following measures are adopted. The method comprises the measures that a horizontal impervious curtain is built in a deep bed rock fault zone of a mining region, a vertical impervious curtain is built in a shallow layer bed rock fracture zone on the edge of the mining region, and leaching liquid is prevented against migration and diffusion; self-control extraction wells are installed in a water-rich region in the impervious curtains, the water level of shallow groundwater of the mining region is controlled, and the cross flow pollution is avoided; waterquality monitoring wells are arranged on the periphery of the impervious curtains, the groundwater leaching agent concentration is monitored, and the control over the water level of the shallow groundwater of the mining region is guided; and cleaning operation is conducted with clear water and a low-concentration calcium hydroxide solution in the mining termination phase. By means of the measures,the influence of in-situ infiltration mining on the mine surface / ground water environment is effectively controlled, and the loss of rare earth resources in the mining process is reduced. The ion type rare earth shallow groundwater pollution prevention and control method is suitable for the ion type rare earth mine which is characterized in that the bed rock is shallowly buried and is broken, andcan assist in constructing ecological mines, digital mines and intelligent mines.

The invention relates to a test device for treating petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in underground water and application of the test device, and belongs to the technical field of underground water pollutant treatment. The test device comprises a sewage container, a submersible pump, an oxidant container, an oxidant injection pump, an overflow groove, a reaction column and a filter inner core, wherein a sewage injection port is formed in the head end of the reaction column; a liquid outlet is formed in the tail end of the reaction column; the reaction column is filled with a seepage medium; anoxidant injection pipe, a sampling port and a filter inner core are sequentially arranged in the direction from the sewage injection port to the liquid discharge port; the oxidant container is connected with the interior of the reaction column through the oxidant injection pump and the oxidant injection pipe; the sewage container is connected with the sewage injection port through the submersiblepump; and the overflow groove is connected with the liquid outlet. The invention also discloses a method for treating petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in underground water. The test device provided by the invention can simulate the dispersion condition of a single release point source in a fluid, and provides a basis for the design of a permeable reactive barrier in the later period.

The invention discloses an underground water pollution assessment method which comprises the following steps: S1, collecting parameters of underground water in a to-be-detected area, and quantitatively collecting the parameters at regular time; S2, determining hydrogeological conditions of a to-be-measured area site, and dividing stratum types according to the collected hydrogeological condition data; S3, storing the acquired data of the underground water parameters and the hydrogeological conditions, and integrating the data to perform data preprocessing; and S4, constructing a site pollutionmodel according to the preprocessed data, comparing the data in the model with the data in the database, evaluating the water quality condition, and finally obtaining a detection evaluation result. The invention provides an underground water pollution assessment method. The underground water pollution condition can be assessed by comprehensively considering pollutant release, pollution source migration and a hydrogeological environment.

The invention relates to methods for determining the source of hydrocarbons presented in the pores of a host rock or found in contaminated groundwater. The method includes the steps of (a) determining a first isotopic composition of boron and / or lithium in one or more components within a potential source rock sample, such as kerogen, clay, or water; (b) determining a second isotopic composition of boron and / or lithium in the hydrocarbons found within the pores of a host rock sample or in contaminated groundwater; and (c) comparing the first and second isotopic compositions to determine whether the potential source rock is the source of the hydrocarbons within the pores of the host rock or in contaminated groundwater. The comparison is facilitated by using the isotope fractionation between the kerogen, clay, or water components and the bitumen component of the potential source rock, which allows one to predict the isotope composition of any hydrocarbons originating in the bitumen component of the source rock, based on the isotope composition of one of the other three phases. The method can be used to select host rock for extracting oil and other hydrocarbons, as well as in remediating groundwater contamination.

The invention belongs to the technical field of co-production of biogas and organic fertilizer from biomass energy, and particularly relates to a system for co-producing biogas and organic fertilizer from straw, livestock and poultry manure. The system comprises crushing equipment, a biogas slurry temporary storage tank, a pusher, a manure liquid receiving tank, a homogenizing tank, a fermentation tank, a biogas filtering and purifying system and an organic fertilizer treatment system; according to the straw, livestock and poultry manure, biogas and organic fertilizer co-production system, livestock and poultry manure and straw are fermented to produce biogas, high-quality organic fertilizer can be produced at the same time, a proper amount of organic fertilizer is applied at proper time according to different needs of crops in different periods, the application amount of chemical fertilizer can be effectively reduced, and the soil structure is improved; therefore, soil degradation is restrained, groundwater pollution is prevented, and the yield and quality of agricultural products are improved. The system has very important significance for enhancing agricultural ecological environment construction and promoting agricultural sustainable development.

The invention discloses a method used for simultaneous abatement of gasoline and trichloroethylene (TCE) combined pollution of underground water, and belongs to the field of environmental organic pollutant biological treatment technology. TCE is an organic pollutant widely distributed in soil and underground water, and can be transformed into nontoxic end products via aerobic biodegradation, but co-metabolism substrates are needed by aerobic biodegradation of TCE. According to the method, gasoline is taken as a substrate, Ralstonia eutropha is selected as an active degradation strain, and researches on aerobic co-metabolism degradation of TCE in underground water are performed for the first time. Conditions such as the co-metabolism substrate, concentration ratio of the co-metabolism substrate to TCE, inorganic salt culture medium, pH value, and salinity are optimized, and optimum degradation conditions are determined. The degradation ratio of TCE can reach 49% when TCE concentration of water is 1mg / l, gasoline concentration is adjusted to be 10mg / l, pH value is 5, and after 72h of degradation. Gasoline and trichloroethylene are common pollutants of underground water, so that the method is capable of providing novel ideas and methods for processing underground water polluted by both gasoline and TCE.