The invention discloses a
nitrogen and
phosphorus adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of
environmental protection and
resource utilization. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing
coal gangue powder with NaOH, calcining, adding water, carrying out
hydrothermal reaction with NaAlO2, washing, centrifuging, and
drying to obtain CGMS; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a
sodium alginate solution, adding CGMS into water to obtain a CGMS solution, adding a
sodium alginate solution into the CGMS solution, then adding a NiCl2 solution, and finally adding a
glutaraldehyde solution to obtain a
mixed solution, stirring, centrifuging, washing and
drying to obtain SA-CGMS; and finally, mixing the
sludge with SA-CGMS,
drying, carrying out ball milling on the dried material, screening, granulating into balls, drying, and finally calcining to obtain the
nitrogen and
phosphorus adsorbent. The
nitrogen and
phosphorus adsorbent prepared by the invention has the nitrogen and phosphorus resistance and control of 90% or more, and can significantly reduce the leaching loss of nitrogen and phosphorus. And after being continuously used for 6-8 years, the nitrogen-phosphorus adsorbent is applied to the permeable
control layer, so that the
soil fertility of the barren farmland in the
karst region can be increased,
carbon sequestration can be realized, and
heavy metals and antibiotic pollutants in a
plough layer can be adsorbed.