377 results about "Plasma reactor" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of safety and environmental protection, in particular to a negative-pressure circulating explosion-control dust removal method suitable for combustible dust places, which comprises the following steps: firstly, sealing a bin body and injecting carbon dioxide-nitrogen inert gas to generate a low-oxygen environment; then, a flow guide angle-adjustable cyclone separator, a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor and a waste heat thermo-acoustic transducer are driven to cooperatively capture dust, and sound node amplitude synthesis capture data are obtained through compressed sensing of a microphone; inputting the environment data and the capture data into a reinforcement learning process containing a micro-thermochemistry model, and outputting instructions for adjusting negative pressure pulse, inert flow, sound field intensity and cyclone geometry; in combination with distributed radio frequency imaging data, an adversarial digital twinborn model is generated to predict explosion free energy, and automatic rollback or shutdown is carried out when the explosion free energy exceeds a threshold, so that a safe, efficient and low-energy-consumption closed loop is formed.

The invention discloses a system and a method for rapidly and efficiently decomposing ammonia to produce hydrogen through cooperation of plasma catalysis. Ammonia gas enters the normal-pressure arc temperature plasma reactor to form rotating gas flow, is ionized into high-activity plasma under the driving of high-voltage electricity, and is pushed by the rotating gas flow and a gradually-shrinking opening of the reactor to form large-area three-dimensional plasma jet flow, and jet flow gas upwards flows into a coaxial upper-layer catalytic area and downwards flows into a coaxial outer-layer catalytic area due to the limitation of a wall surface; and the reacted gas flows out from a gas guide hole at the lower part. Ammonia gas is firstly activated and pre-decomposed in the arc temperature plasma area and then secondarily decomposed in the coaxial catalytic area, heat of the temperature plasma area directly acts on the catalytic area, and external heating is not needed. The whole structure is that the temperature plasma area and the catalytic area are coaxially integrated, so that the waste heat utilization rate and the reaction energy efficiency are improved. The system is simple and compact in structure, can flexibly supply hydrogen in a distributed manner, is high in energy density, and can be directly driven by wind, light and green electricity.

The invention discloses a method for performing tar steam reforming by coupling low-temperature plasma with a nickel-loaded hydrogen type molecular sieve composite catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: preparing the nickel-loaded hydrogen type molecular sieve composite catalyst; the mass of Ni in the nickel-loaded hydrogen type molecular sieve composite catalyst accounts for 5-30% of the mass of the catalyst; introducing tar and water vapor into a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor filled with the nickel-loaded hydrogen type molecular sieve composite catalyst; starting the dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor, and carrying out a tar steam reforming reaction; wherein the temperature of the tar steam reforming reaction is 150-525 DEG C, and the power of the tar steam reforming reaction is 30-90 W. The catalyst disclosed by the invention is coupled with a low-temperature plasma technology, so that good tar reforming performance, target product selectivity and system stability are realized.

The invention discloses a device for converting biomass tar by coupling plasma multi-mode with a catalyst. A plasma reactor of the device comprises a coaxial DBD body discharge structure and a structural catalyst channel internal discharge structure; the alternating-current high-voltage electrode bar, the dielectric tube and the ground electrode form coaxial DBD body discharge in an inner cavity of the dielectric tube; catalyst particles in the inner cavity of the medium tube and the structural catalyst form voltage difference at the upper end and the lower end of the structural catalyst under the combined action of an alternating-current electric field and a direct-current electric field to form discharge in a structural catalyst channel; and meanwhile, gas which flows upwards from the structural catalyst and is activated by the plasma enables catalyst particles to be in a fluidized state, and interaction between the catalyst and the plasma is realized by combining coaxial DBD discharge. The whole reaction efficiency is improved by combining direct-current and alternating-current dual-power-supply driving and fluidized bed and packed bed two-mode coupling catalysts, rapid and efficient tar treatment can be achieved, and operability and economical efficiency of the tar treatment process are improved.

A method for reforming carbon dioxide and methane by using a catalyzed plasma reactor, the method includes providing a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor including a catalyst bed in a plasma discharge zone, injecting a reaction gas into the plasma reactor, generating plasma within the plasma discharge zone of the plasma reactor, generating a reformed gas by interaction between the plasma and the catalyst bed, and separating the reformed gas. The reaction gas includes methane, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and inert gas, the reformed gas includes carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the oxygen is about 2 volume percent to about 15 volume percent of a total volume of the reaction gas.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of methane resource utilization and plasma chemical synthesis, and relates to a method for plasma-catalytic oxidation of methane to methanol. Specifically as follows: In a dielectric barrier plasma reactor, methane and oxygen are used as raw material gases. Methane and oxygen are activated through a DBD reactor, and methanol is synthesized in one step under the action of a non-metal supported catalyst. The method of the present invention has high methanol selectivity, and the catalyst used does not generate carbon dioxide. The supported boron-based catalyst adopted in the present invention enables the reaction to occur at low temperature and normal pressure, with mild conditions and simple operation; the process belongs to a one-step method, with a simple process flow, a green method, and solves the problem that the conventional catalytic oxidation of methane to methanol requires high temperature and high pressure. It is applicable to the oxidation synthesis of organic compounds from various lower hydrocarbons, and products such as formaldehyde, formic acid, ethanol, and acetic acid can be obtained in addition to methanol.

The invention relates to the technical field of plasma, and discloses an electrode fault recognition system and method and a machine readable storage medium. The system comprises: an auxiliary electrode; the electrode displacement device is used for moving the auxiliary electrode to a preset position which is a preset distance away from the to-be-identified electrode, and the auxiliary electrode at the preset position and the to-be-identified electrode form a to-be-identified electrode pair; the voltage detection device is used for detecting the initial discharge voltage of the to-be-identified electrode pair in a preset detection environment when the to-be-identified electrode is in a detection state and the auxiliary electrode moves to a preset position, and the detection state is a state that the to-be-identified electrode discharges in response to the initial discharge voltage; and the control device is used for determining whether the to-be-identified electrode has a fault or not according to the initial discharge voltage and the safety threshold interval. According to the invention, fault detection of any electrode can be realized without dismounting the plasma reactor, the judgment result is more accurate and reliable, and the period and cost of manual maintenance are reduced.

The present disclosure provides a plasma reactor (100) for plasma induced chemical conversion of one or more compounds in a fluid medium. The reactor comprising a passage (1); an outlet (3); and at least two electrode pairs. Each electrode (10) comprises a jacket (11), an electrode rod (12), and an inlet (4) for injecting a primary gas (G1) flow along the rod. The rods are distributed around the passage. Rod tips are positioned upstream the throat of the passage. A second inlet (5) injects a secondary gas (G2) upstream or downstream the throat area (2). An operating circuit is driven to repetitively and simultaneously power the electrode pairs to generate an arc discharge (A) bridging the electrodes of each electrode pair. Neighboring electrodes of adjacent pairs are driven at the same time-varying potential. The electrodes are galvanically isolated each other and the power source.

There is provided a method for nitrogen oxide (NOx) synthesis, the method comprising: - providing a gas mixture comprising oxygen and nitrogen in a plasma reactor chamber; and - exciting the gas mixture into plasma in the plasma reactor chamber, wherein a duration of the excitation is in the range ≥0.15 / P nanoseconds & ≤90 / P nanoseconds, wherein P is pressure of the gas mixture in atm, and wherein the gas mixture is provided at a pressure P of ≥ 1.1 atm.

The invention relates to the technical field of plasma equipment, in particular to a plasma reactor, a plasma activated water preparation device and a plasma activated water preparation method, and the plasma activated water preparation device comprises a dielectric barrier discharge unit and a pulse discharge unit. The pulse discharge unit is arranged above the dielectric barrier discharge unit, and a mixed fluid inlet is formed in the bottom of the dielectric barrier discharge unit. And the top of the pulse discharge area is provided with a mixed fluid outlet. One is that discharge of the dielectric barrier discharge unit and pulse discharge of the pulse discharge unit are utilized to respectively provide a large amount of active oxygen and active nitrogen, and two discharge units are integrated in one plasma reactor to realize mutual dissolution promotion of the active oxygen and the active nitrogen; secondly, the multiple stages of plasma reactors are connected in series, the stages are increased according to the water demand, the plasma dosage is ensured, and plasma activated water is prepared in a non-circular circulation mode; and thirdly, the mixing time of the gas-liquid mixed fluid in the preparation device of the plasma activated water is long, so that the waste of the active particles can be prevented.

The invention discloses a device for preparing a plasma activating solution on a large scale and application of the device in food sterilization. The device comprises a power supply, a gas supply system, a water tank and at least one mixed plasma reactor, the hybrid plasma reactor is arranged in the water tank and comprises a medium pipe, a rod-shaped grounding electrode, a first high-voltage electrode and a second high-voltage electrode; the rod-shaped grounding electrode, the first high-voltage electrode and the second high-voltage electrode are fixed in the dielectric tube; the first high-voltage electrode is a metal tube and sleeves the rod-shaped grounding electrode, and the rod-shaped grounding electrode is located in the center of the first high-voltage electrode; a dielectric layer is arranged on the inner surface of the first high-voltage electrode; the second high-voltage electrode is arranged below the first high-voltage electrode and sleeved outside the rod-shaped grounding electrode, and the rod-shaped grounding electrode is located at the center of the second high-voltage electrode. According to the invention, the variety and concentration of active ingredients in the plasma activating solution are improved, high-level food sterilization application is realized, and the device has spectral antibacterial property, is simple, energy-saving and extensible, and can be suitable for various food sterilization scenes.

The invention relates to the technical field of plasma catalysis, in particular to a method for preparing methanol and hydrogen by catalyzing synergistic conversion of methane and water under a plasma condition, a used device and a used catalyst. The bubbling-fluidizing plasma reactor is formed by serially connecting and combining a bubbling type corona discharge plasma reactor positioned at the lower part and a fluidized bed dielectric barrier discharge reactor positioned at the upper part through a connecting channel, and the discharge channel is filled with a catalyst. Methane and argon are mixed and preheated and then enter a gas bubbling column from a raw material inlet, the bubbling tip generates corona discharge in bubbles to form plasmas, and methane-water is subjected to preliminary synergistic conversion; the gas subjected to preliminary synergistic conversion enters a discharge channel, and reacts under the action of a catalyst to obtain hydrogen and methanol through conversion.

An ultra-high thermal-conductivity diamond is provided. The ultra-high thermal-conductivity diamond is polycrystalline diamond with a highly oriented crystals along <110> or <100> direction. It has a diameter of ≥100 mm in linear dimension and a thickness of ≥300 m, a thermal conductivity of ≥1800 W / (m·K) at 298K, and at least one surface with Ra≤10 nm, and further includes one or more of the following features: a content of nitrogen impurity ≤100 ppb, a dielectric constant ≥5.4 a dielectric loss tangent tanδ≤6×10−5, a volume resistivity ≥1×1011 Ωm, and a breakdown voltage ≥1000 V. The method for synthesizing the ultra-high thermal-conductivity diamond includes: providing a substrate for the diamond growth and a microwave plasma reactor, and performing the epitaxial growth of the ultra-high thermal-conductivity diamond on the substrate surface by using the reactor.

The invention belongs to the field of contaminated soil remediation and microplastic pollution treatment, and relates to a rotary coaxial DBD plasma treatment device for degrading microplastics in soil. The device comprises a DBD plasma reactor, a gas supply module, an electrode rotating mechanism and a control module, the DBD plasma reactor comprises an inner electrode, a dielectric layer and an outer layer ground electrode; the inner electrode and the outer-layer ground electrode are coaxially arranged, the dielectric layer is arranged between the inner electrode and the outer-layer ground electrode, a gap is reserved between the dielectric layer and the inner electrode, and the inner electrode and the outer-layer ground electrode are respectively connected with the electrode rotating mechanism; the appearance of the inner electrode is of a truncated cone structure, and the surface of the inner electrode is of a spiral structure evenly distributed in the axial direction. By adopting the device disclosed by the invention, the degradation uniformity and thoroughness of the fixed coaxial DBD reactor can be obviously improved.

The present disclosure provides methods and divertors for plasma reactors. The divertors may comprise internal lattice structures to facilitate conductive and convective heat transfer and provide structural support to plasma facing surfaces of the divertor.

The invention discloses a kind of hydrophilic and hydrophobic integrated membrane material and preparation method thereof for desalination of seawater, a hydrophilic solution with a concentration of 0.1 10 mol / L is coated on one side of substrate to obtain a hydrophilic coating;a hydrophobic solution with a concentration of 0.1 10 mol / L is coated on the other side of substrate to obtain a hydrophobic coating;the substrate coated with the coating is placed in a plasma reactor, a carrier gas is passed through, and a power supply parameter is adjusted to trigger a discharge to obtain a desalination membrane material;the edge of the desalination membrane material is subsequently subjected to water isolation treatment. A kind of hydrophilic and hydrophobic integrated membrane material and preparation method thereof for desalination of seawater disclosed by the present invention, by coating on the surface of the material, plasma modification technology is then utilized to prepare a desalination membrane material driven by solar energy, integrating hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics in different sides, with antifouling property, efficient desalination can be carried out, and fresh water output is increased.

A system and method for producing methanol and synthetic fuels from waste acid gas streams using a plasma reactor is described in this disclosure. An acid gas stream comprising primarily of H2S and CO2 is fed into a plasma reactor. H2S is converted into H2 and sulfur. Simultaneously, CO is formed by the reverse water gas shift reaction. H2 and CO form a syngas stream. The unreacted H2S is captured in a tail gas treatment unit and recycled back to the plasma reactor. A partial CO2 capture unit is placed downstream of the tail gas treatment unit which is primarily used to adjust the ratio of H2 and CO in the syngas stream to 2-3 for methanol production and 2 for fuel production.

The present disclosure provides a plasma reactor (100) for plasma induced chemical conversion of one or more compounds in a fluid medium. The reactor comprising a passage (1); an outlet (3); and at least two electrode pairs. Each electrode (10) comprises a jacket (11), an electrode rod (12), and an inlet (4) for injecting a primary gas (G1) flow along the rod. The rods are distributed around the passage. Rod tips are positioned upstream the throat of the passage. A second inlet (5) injects a secondary gas (G2) upstream or downstream the throat area (2). An operating circuit is driven to repetitively and simultaneously power the electrode pairs to generate an arc discharge (A) bridging the electrodes of each electrode pair. Neighboring electrodes of adjacent pairs are driven at the same time-varying potential. The electrodes are galvanically isolated each other and the power source.

The invention provides a combined system and method for killing sulfate reducing bacteria in oilfield produced water. The combined system comprises an active oxygen solution sterilization unit, an oil removal tank, a coagulative precipitation tank, a filtering tank and a deoxidation tower, the active oxygen solution degerming unit comprises a partitioned excitation plasma reactor, a high-flux gas-liquid mixing and dissolving device, a decompression reactor and an oxygen tank; the partition excitation plasma reactor is used for ionizing and dissociating oxygen to generate oxygen active groups; the high-flux gas-liquid mixing and dissolving device is used for carrying out gas-liquid mixing and dissolving on water to be treated and oxygen active groups to generate an active oxygen solution; a water outlet of the high-flux gas-liquid mixing and dissolving device is connected to the reduced pressure reactor, water to be treated and an active oxygen solution fully react in the reduced pressure reactor, and sulfate reducing bacteria in the water to be treated are killed. The technical scheme provided by the invention solves the problems that the treatment effect of microorganisms in the oilfield produced water is undesirable, large-scale popularization cannot be realized, and the method is harmful to human bodies and the environment.

The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical engineering and resource recovery, and discloses a novel process for extracting valuable elements from iron tailings, which comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out secondary crushing and ore grinding on the iron tailings, and blending into ore pulp with the concentration of 30-40%; s2, the ore pulp is subjected to microwave heating through selective microwave heating equipment; s3, the ore pulp subjected to microwave heating is introduced into a plasma reactor, and mineral compounds in the tailings are decomposed through plasma at high temperature; s4, the ore pulp obtained after plasma decomposition is cooled and prepared into a solution with the proper concentration; s5, the prepared solution is subjected to electrochemical deposition, and metal is recycled; and S6, supercritical water oxidation treatment is conducted on the tailing waste residues obtained after electrochemical deposition. Through microwave heating, plasma high-temperature decomposition and supercritical water oxidation technologies, the problems of high energy consumption, non-uniform heating, incomplete decomposition and serious waste residue pollution in a traditional method are solved, and efficient, accurate and environment-friendly iron tailing valuable element extraction is realized.

The invention disclosed relates to a mobile and modular nitrogen production system utilizing a non-thermal plasma reactor. The system is designed for scalable on-site production of reactive molecules including Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), applicable in various industries including agriculture and healthcare. Key components include one or more improved modular plasma reactors integrated within a mobile nitrogen production system. The integrated system features a plurality of improved and removable reactors, which further comprise fixed pintle injectors for fluid introduction and flow regulation, a voltage conditioner, and a ground discharge system for electrical stabilization. A controller is integrated to manage the plasma generation process, utilizing real-time data from sensors to optimize performance. The invention offers enhanced efficiency, safety, and adaptability, with applications including producing fertilizers and other reactive species-based products.

A plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition method and the associated reactor, the method including a supply of a substrate into a plasma reactor including a reaction chamber, and a plurality of atomic layer deposition cycles on the exposed surface of the substrate, including an injection in the reaction chamber of a precursor based on a first species, a plasma treatment of the exposed surface of the substrate by a plasma by capacity coupling between the plate and the lateral wall of the reaction chamber, by applying a radiofrequency power to the plate. Capacitive coupling makes it possible to create a plasma localised in the vicinity of the substrate, at low and finely adjustable ion energy and density.

The invention relates to a multistage self-adaptive plasma excitation and closed-loop feedback processing system, and relates to the field of environmental engineering. After waste gas enters the system, parameters such as odor concentration, temperature and humidity, ozone and the like are detected in real time by a sensor array, and data are fed back to a control center. The method comprises the following steps: decomposing organic high-molecular compounds by pre-ionization, exciting high-density active particles by a main reaction to thoroughly degrade peculiar smell, and decomposing ozone and small-molecular byproducts by using a nano-catalyst in a deep purification stage. The system adopts PID self-adaptive control, parameters can be automatically optimized according to real-time monitoring data, the removal rate is effectively improved, and the energy consumption is reduced. The processed gas is analyzed again through the secondary detection unit, data are uploaded to the cloud model, energy efficiency and processing strategies are continuously optimized through reinforcement learning, and intelligent and closed-loop management is achieved. The device can be widely applied to the field of industrial waste gas treatment, and has the outstanding advantages of efficient removal, low energy consumption, intelligent self-adaption and the like.

An embodiment described herein provides a method of treating a gas stream, where the method includes: flowing the gas stream containing H2S and CO2 into a plasma reactor; igniting a plasma in the plasma reactor containing the gas stream; decomposing the H2S to generate H2 and elemental sulfur in the plasma generating a product gas stream; condensing the elemental sulfur from the product gas stream as a liquid; and separating the H2 from the product gas stream.

A pulsing assembly for delivering power to a plasma reactor having a first load between a first plasma reactor input port and a plasma reactor common port and having a second load between a second plasma reactor input port and the plasma reactor common port. The pulsing assembly includes a first pulsing unit, a second pulsing unit and an energy storage component connected therebetween. The first pulsing unit includes a first input port connectable to a power source, a pulsing assembly common port connectable to the plasma reactor common port, a first output port connectable to the first load of the plasma reactor for supplying pulses between the first output port and the pulsing assembly common port. The second pulsing unit includes a second input port connectable to a power source and a second output port connectable to the second load of the plasma reactor.

The invention provides a lump coal separation and dehydration process for power coal, and belongs to the technical field of coal washing. The method comprises the following steps: performing ionization activation on a flocculating agent solution 1 by using a plasma reactor to form a flocculating agent solution 2, spraying the ionized and activated flocculating agent solution 2 to lump coal by using a Venturi tube, and then emitting plasmas to the lump coal sprayed with the flocculating agent solution 2 by using a plasma spray gun, the flocculant solution 2 is sprayed on the surface of the coal briquette, so that the surface of the coal briquette sprayed with the flocculant solution 2 is modified to form a solidified hydrophobic membrane layer, then the lump coal on which the solidified hydrophobic membrane layer is formed is sorted, and the gangue is separated from the fast coal to obtain a final product. The hydrophobicity and crushing resistance of the lump coal are effectively improved, and the dewatering effect of the lump clean coal is finally improved.

The invention provides a high-frequency high-low-voltage composite pulse plasma power supply device, which adopts a composite pulse control mode of high-voltage ignition and low-voltage holding current, and comprises a high-voltage direct-current circuit for providing voltage for enabling a plasma reactor to react; the first all-solid-state switch is used for outputting the high-voltage direct-current circuit in a pulse form to form high-voltage and high-frequency pulse electricity; the first one-way conduction circuit is used for conducting the high-voltage and high-frequency pulse electricity in a one-way mode and blocking current injection of the low-voltage side at the same time; the low-voltage direct-current circuit is used for providing voltage for maintaining arc in the plasma reactor for a period of time; the second all-solid-state switch is used for outputting the low-voltage direct-current circuit in a pulse form to form low-voltage high-frequency pulse electricity; the second one-way conduction circuit is used for conducting the low-voltage high-frequency pulse electricity in a one-way manner and blocking the current injection of the high-voltage side at the same time; and the plasma reactor is used for performing plasma reaction through high-voltage high-frequency pulse electric ignition and low-voltage high-frequency pulse electric maintenance arc state.

The invention discloses a waste incineration fly ash innocent treatment method and system based on low-temperature plasma, and belongs to the technical field of dangerous solid waste treatment.The waste incineration fly ash innocent treatment method comprises the steps that fly ash and a silicon-aluminum-based conditioner are mixed and granulated and then placed in a low-temperature plasma reactor, and treatment is conducted with air as a discharge medium; high-energy electrons and active free radicals generated by plasmas are utilized to synchronously realize efficient decomposition and mineralization of dioxin organic pollutants in the fly ash and reduction and stable solidification of heavy metal ions; the treated tail gas containing the active substances is cyclically degraded through a cyclone separator, and solid products can be used as safe building material resources; according to the method, one-stop deep detoxification of two typical pollutants in the fly ash is realized, the treatment temperature is low, the energy consumption is low, secondary pollution is avoided, and an efficient solution is provided for safe treatment and value-added utilization of the waste incineration fly ash.

A method of treating an aqueous solution, where the method includes separating H2S from the aqueous solution, generating a gas stream including the H2S, flowing the gas stream into a plasma reactor, igniting a plasma in the plasma reactor including the gas stream, decomposing the H2S to generate H2 and elemental sulfur in the plasma generating a product gas stream including the H2, and condensing the elemental sulfur from the product gas stream as a liquid.

The invention discloses high-purity superfine spherical silica powder as well as a production method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of high-value mineral materials and high-value utilization of industrial solid wastes. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out flotation and acid pickling on silicon sludge to obtain purified silicon powder; the purified silicon powder is subjected to airflow milling and airflow classification, and superfine silicon powder is obtained; in the presence of oxygen-containing gas flow, the superfine silicon powder is fed into a plasma reactor, so that the superfine silicon powder is oxidized and spheroidized at the same time, and the high-purity superfine spherical silicon micropowder is obtained; the volume concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas flow is 25-60%; and the ratio of the input power of the plasma reactor to the powder feeding rate of the superfine silicon powder is 15-50 kWh / kg. According to the method, based on the material characteristics of the silicon sludge, high-value utilization of the silicon sludge is achieved through whole-process coordinated regulation and control of pretreatment purification, accurate granularity control and energy coupling spheroidization, and meanwhile the method has the advantages of being low in energy consumption, uniform in product granularity, high in purity, good in sphericity degree and the like.